Fenta Egon Schiele: zane-zane, biography

Egon Schiele - an yi fice artist kuma mafi kyau Austria Art Nouveau master. Abin baƙin ciki, a kasar mu shi ne kadan da aka sani. A general, da Austria art ya dade a cikin wasu inuwõyi na Russia. A farkon karni na 20th, duk kula kawai zuwa Paris, da kuma abin da ya faru a Vienna, Copenhagen ko Berlin - wanda ya kasance sha'awar. Klimt zama na farko da Austria fenta da aka sani a Rasha. Egon aka dauke zai gaje shi ba, amma farkon mutuwa hana Schiele isa Heights na da tsafi. Duk da haka, ya bar wani haske da alama a cikin art na farkon karni na 20th.

yara

Uba Egon - Adolf, aiki a kan reluwe, kuma ya kasance da alhakin tashar Tully. A wannan wuri ne aka haife nan gaba artist a 1890. Schools kusa da aka ba, saboda haka, Egon Schiele aka aika zuwa Krems. A shekara ta 1904 da iyali koma Vienna saboda tabarbarewar kiwon lafiya na mahaifinsa. Adolf cuta cigaban, da kuma a shekara daga baya ya mutu.

Dangantaka tare da iyaye

Har ƙarshen ya kwana, da artist Egon Schiele ji rinjayar mahaifinsa. A 1913, ya rubuta zuwa ga stepbrother: "Shi ne da wuya cewa wani ya ambaci ta daraja Paparoma tare da wannan bakin ciki, kamar yadda ni. Babu daya fahimci abin da na je wurare, inda ya kasance a rayuwa, da kuma inda zan iya ji zafi. Kamar haka a zanen sosai da baƙin ciki. Ta ci gaba da rayuwa a gare ni! "

Egon ƙi mahaifiyata, saboda na yi tunani cewa shi aka ma kadan ya yi ta makoki da ubansa, "Mahaifiyata - wani bakon mace ... Ta ba ni fahimta, kuma ba ya son. Idan ta ƙaunar da san zai ba mu wani abu ya yi hadaya saboda shi. "

matasa

A lokacin da ya mubaya'a matasa Egon da karfi ji for Hertha - ƙanwarta. Hakika, ba ba tare da lalatar. A lokacin da ta goma sha biyu, kuma bai kasance goma sha shida, suka tafi da jirgin kasa zuwa Trieste, inda suka kashe 'yan dare da rana a wani biyu dakin. A wani lokaci, yaron ta waliyyinsa ko da ya karya kofar dakin don gano abin da 'ya'yansa da aka yi.

Ganawa da Klimt

A shekarar 1906, Egon Schiele, wanda biography da aka sani ga duk masoya na zanen, ya shiga makaranta na zane-zane. Akwai, ya sauri koma cikin category na matsalar dalibai, kuma aka canjawa wuri zuwa wani art academy. A wannan lokacin, nan gaba artist ya shekaru 16 da haihuwa. A shekara daga baya, sai ya nemi ya fitar da gunki, Klimt da kuma nuna masa dama na kansa zane. "Kada ku yi zaton na iyawa?" - tambayi saurayin. "Na'am, kadan da yawa" - ya ce Klimt so in karfafa matasa, artists. Ya taimake Egon, sayen zane (ko musayar on nasu), da kuma karfafa su masõya Schiele. Klimt kuma shirya domin yaron da shagon na crafts, ga wanda Egon kashe da dama ayyukan (mata takalma, maza tufafi, zane for katunan gaisuwa). A 1908, Schiele shirya farko nuni.

kungiyar studio

Bayan shekara uku na nazarin saurayi bar Academy da kuma kafa kansa studio. Duk da yake cikin babban jigo na 'ya'yansa ya zama zane-zane fuskantar mafarki. Musamman Egon Schiele son su kusantar da 'yan mata. Littafi artist tuno: "Ya studio ya su inundated Girls tsari akwai daga 'yan sanda, ko bad iyaye, ya ciyar da dare kawai loitering, wanke, combed gashi, suna gyaran takalma da kuma tufafi ... All a duk, sun kasance kamar dabbobin a cikin wani keji da cewa ya fi dacewa da su. ". Egon ya riga ya zama wani kyakkyawan zane-zane, sau da yawa fentin su. Kuma mafi yawan aikin da aka batsa ciki. Duk da yake a Vienna, akwai wata babbar lamba na haraji da masu rabawa na batsa, wanda gladly sayi zane-zane ta hanyar Schiele. Wannan ƙwarai karu da kudin shiga na artist.

Kai hotuna

Bugu da kari ga matasa 'yan mata, Egon Schiele aka fascinated da jiki da kuma yin abubuwa da yawa na kai-hotuna. Ya burge ba fãce kansu, amma kuma sauransu. Daya daga cikin patrons da kuma majibinta - Arthur Roessler, Egon bayyana kamar haka: "Ko kewaye da shahararrun mutane da matsananci dandani ya m kamannuna tsaya fitar yawa ... Yana da supple, bakin ciki, m jiki da dogon makamai da kuma kunkuntar kafadu. A yatsunsu kasance dogon da ma kama hankali kan bango na fitar kasusuwan jikinsu hannuwanku. Fuskarsa ya beardless, tanned da kuma muhalli da fitina, duhu, da dogon gashi. A kan m, mai kusurwa goshi kasance bayyane Egon kwance Lines. Specific fasali na Schiele ta fuskar ya zama a bayyane a lokacin da wani tsanani ko bakin ciki magana, wanda aka sa ta ciki da jin zafi, tilasta artist kuka a ciki. Kuma ya look, a hade tare da rakaitacce conversational style (saka shi a cikin Jagora), ya ba da alama na ciki nobility. Yana da aka sosai tabbatacce, saboda Egon yi ta halitta da kuma ba bayyanar da cewa ya zama wani "

Karya da talauci da kuma tsananta

A wannan lokacin da ransa Schiele kokarin ba da alama na tsananin talauci. Amma ya da'awar game da nasa talauci m ba kawai ga sirri da hotuna, amma kuma labarai na Sahaban. Babu wanda ya gani da artist tafiya a cikin Rags ko abincin dare a cikin rikici zauren.

Tun 1910, Egon Schiele zane-zane wanda ya yi girma sosai a hannunsu a price, ya fara sha daga zalunci mania. A daya wasika, ya ambata: "Yaya ne m! All I hãsadar da mãkirci a gare ni. Kuma da zarar complimented da abokan aikina duba malevolent ganinsu "

Wally Nevzil

A 1911, Egon gana da tsohon lover da Nudes Klimt - goma sha bakwai Wally Nevzil. Ta zauna tare da shi zuwa rayuwa da kuma ya zama mafi kyau model. Vienna saiti gundura biyu, kuma sun yanke shawarar komawa karamin gari na Krumau (akwai Schiele da iyali sadarwa). Amma bayan wani lokaci Egon da Wally ya canza halin da ake ciki saboda rashin amincewa da yan unguwa. A na gaba biyu mafaka zama birni na Neulengbach, wanda shi ne wani talatin minti drive daga Vienna. artist ta studio ya sake zama Haven ga disadvantaged yara.

tsaro

Egon Schiele, wanda kai-hoto ne yanzu daraja a kan dala miliyan, na ci gaba da kai guda salon yadda a Vienna. A wasu shi ne ya sa kawai rashin jituwa, da kuma a 1912 aka kama shi. 'Yan sanda kãma fiye da dari zane wanda gane batsa, da kuma Egon da ake zargi da zagi, kazalika da sace yara. A wadannan zargin sallami kotu, amma Schiele da aka samu da laifin exhibiting wani batsa images of yara. Tun da artist yana kurkuku har tsawon kwanaki 21, sai aka yanke masa hukuncin kamar kwana uku. Alkalin ya kuma yanke shawarar a fili ƙona daya daga Schiele ta zane-zane. Egon ya yi farin ciki don samun kashe don haka sauƙi. Lokacin da yana cikin kurkuku, ya rubuta wasu daga cikin kai-hotuna, hannu pitying phrases: "to sa da artist - wani laifi", "Ina jin da wani laifi ba, amma kawai tsarkakewa." Detractors yi imani da cewa wannan ya faru ko ta yaya zai shafi Schiele da kuma yin salon canje-canje. A gaskiya, da ƙarshe a kurkuku ba zai shafi ko dai halinsa ko da aiki.

Ciniki nuna a Cologne da kuma Vienna

A karshen 1912, Egon aka kira su zuwa ga wani nuni a Cologne. Akwai ya zama Mai ƙididdigewa Hansom Goltsem - dila rayayye sayar da zane-zane na kasar Austria artists. Da dangantaka ne da akai gwagwarmayar da farashin. Egon ake bukata domin aikinsu, mafi kuma ya fi girma kudade. A 1913 da artist rubuta zuwa ga uwarsa m harafi: "A da ni aka sõyayya duk da kyau da kuma daraja halaye. Ina irin 'ya'yan itãce, da barin baya da rai madawwami ko da bayan ta auka. Ta yaya za ka zama farin ciki cewa shi haifi ni. " Tsananta mania, exhibitionism da narcissism Schiele aka nuna a cikin logo, kusaci da shi domin ya na sirri nuni a Vienna (Arnaud Gallery). Akwai ya bayyana kansa a cikin sunan St. Sebastian.

Rotary shekara

1915 ya da juyo ga Egon. Ya hadu da 'yan mata biyu da suka rayu daura da studio. Adele da Edith su ne 'ya'ya mata na wani locksmith, wanda ya mallakar da studio. Schiele karfi a haɗe zuwa biyu daga gare su, amma a karshen yanke shawarar zama a Edith. Tsohon artist ta model - Wally Nevzil aka indifferently sallame. A karshe taro tsakanin Egon da Wally ya faru a wani gida cafe Ayhberger inda ma'auratan kowace rana yi wasa pool kafin wannan rana. Schiele Nevzil mika wata wasika da shawara. Jigon shi ne wannan: duk da cewa su ne ba tare Wally Egon so a kowace shekara ya tafi tare da ita domin lokacin rani a kan vacation ba tare da Edith. Ya nevzil halitta ƙiya. Ta daga baya ya zama mai renonsa a Red Cross, kuma ya mutu a cikin asibitin sojoji na mulufi zazzabi kafin Kirsimeti 1917 shekara. Egon da Edith aka aure a watan Yuni 1915. The iyali na yarinya da aka yamar. Uwa na artist ya riga ya rasu.

Conscription

A 'yan kwanaki bayan bikin aure, Egon Schiele, wani photo na wanda aka haɗe da labarin, ya aka girke a cikin sojojin. War ya tsira quite sauƙi. Da farko Egon bauta a cikin dakin, shari Rasha fursunonin yaki, sa'an nan kuma ya zama magatakarda a daya daga cikin kurkuku sansani. A Janairu 1917 ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa Vienna ga sabis na stock, don bayar taba, shan giya, da kuma abinci da Austria sojojin. A kasar inda farashin abinci yi haƙuri ya karu, sai aka dauke a wurinsu kyakkyawan zarafi wuri.

'yan shekarun nan

Soja sabis ba zai shafi shahararsa ta Schiele. Kowa ya sani cewa shi ya kasance wani abu Austria artist na ƙaramin tsara. A wannan batun, management ya tambaye shi ya dauki bangare a cikin Stockholm nuni ga inganta kasar image a cikin Nordic kasashen. A 1918 Egon shi ne babban takara a nuni da ballewa, inda ya gabatar da aikin - da logo a cikin style of Last bukin tare da hoto a maimakon Yesu Almasihu. Ko da a cikin yaki, wannan ya nuna wani real rabo, kuma Schiele, samu da yawa umarni ga hotuna. Kuma farashin ya zane-zane da girma sosai a hannunsu. Wannan yarda da ma'aurata su matsa zuwa wani sabon gida studio. Amma a ji dadin iyali farin ciki ba su da lokaci. A watan Oktoba na shekarar 1918, ciki Edith mura da kuma rasu kwanaki 10 daga baya. Egon fatattakakkun asarar, kuma ya ma slog da wannan cuta. Schiele mutu kwanaki uku bayan matarsa ta mutuwa.