Fungicides - kwayoyi da cewa ... fungicidal. fungicide

Modern lambu aikin da wuya ba tare da shũka da dasa shirye na musamman - fungicides. A zahiri translation na ajalin daga Latin ma'anar "to kashe fungi." Amma da al'adar shuka kariya muhimmanci kumbura wannan ra'ayi ta hanyar hada abubuwa da suke da mai guba ba kawai ga namomin kaza, amma kuma da kwayoyi, yana yaƙi da sauran pathogens na amfanin gona. Fungicides - a sinadaran ko nazarin halittu kayayyakin, wanda aka yi amfani da rigakafin, rigakafin ko magani daga cututtuka na horticultural amfanin gona.

A kadan tarihi

Daban-daban shuka cututtuka - tabo, tsatsa, rot - wani mutum ya saba da tun mutane koya yadda za girma wasu al'adu. Ko sa'an nan akwai da sosai farko shawarwari ga zama dole kariya. Wani BC Homer da aka ambata da yaki da cututtuka na shuke-shuke, ta hanyar fumigation da sulfur, da kuma Democritus nuna rot rigakafin da spraying albarkatu jiko na zaituni. Tare da farkon wani sabon zamanin, mutane koya hana hatsi cuta, soaking su a cikin ruwan inabi, ko kiyayye shredded cypress itãce. A tsakiyar zamanai aka sani a lokacin da cutar da kuma hanyoyin domin su lura da aka bayyana da kuma classified.

A nasara zo tare da ci gaban da sinadaran masana'antu da kuma aiki da karatu da etiology na da yawa cututtuka da kuma nazarin halittu halaye na pathogens. Mai fungicides amfani a yau an hada kwanan nan - a cikin karni na 20. Modern shuka kariya kayayyakin - single-bangaren ko hade da kwayoyi - za su iya cimma wani gagarumin ci gaba, amma matsalar bai tafi har da cutar da kuma bukatar m inganta fasahar, ayyuka da kuma amfanin gona da aiki da wurin.

Ta yaya ne fungicides?

Sunã halakar da spores ko mycelium na fungi da kwayoyin, wanda sa cututtuka daban-daban. Wadannan shuka kariya kayayyakin suna classified bisa ga yanayin da tasiri, da yin amfani da manufofin, yanayi da kuma selectivity na mataki, kazalika da rarraba a tsire-tsire.

rarrabuwa na fungicides

Saboda gaskiya cewa wannan fungicide iya samun daban-daban tasiri a kan daban-daban al'adu, rarrabuwa ne sosai matukar. Bayan da yin amfani da daban-daban allurai daga cikin abu a unequal lokaci dabam yadu. Duk da haka, da fungicides kasu kashi:

• M kayan aiki amfani domin lura da lafiya shuke-shuke domin hana cutar.
• Warkewa (kawar da) kwayoyi, da magani da ake bukata bayan duka biyu da shuka samu alamun cutar. The aiki abu na wannan fungicide damuarn ci gaban da pathogenic Sphere da ya sa matsalar, abin da take kaiwa zuwa waraka al'adu.
• Tsari fungicides - ne sunadarai tunawa da shuka da kuma motsi a cikin jijiyoyin bugun gini tsarin da kuma kare sabon harbe sun girma bayan magani. Wadannan fungicides da curative da prophylactic sakamako.
• Contact kayayyakin da cewa kare ne kawai wadanda sassa na shuka tare da wanda suka zo a cikin lamba. Irin wannan fungicides - yana nufin ciwon kawai m sakamako, suka ko da yaushe dogara ne a kan tasiri na ruwan sama.
• Seed disinfectants - sunadarai amfani da presowing soaking tsaba domin kare gaba seedlings daga cututtuka da kuma kwari da a lura da kwararan fitila, tubers, corms da rhizomes na shuke-shuke da dasa. Yau, akwai kwayoyi kamar wani mayar da hankali mataki - ko prophylactic da yiwu cututtuka ko da ake dasu kwari - da kuma hadadden, hada biyu daga cikin wadannan kwatance.

Yawan guba na shirye-shirye da kuma cikin matakan da suka aikace-aikace rigakafi

Fungicides - kwayoyi ne mai guba da kuma bukatar tabbatar da yiwuwa na amfani a cikin gida. Kafin yin amfani da wadannan kwayoyi, ya kamata ka familiarize kanka tare da dabara domin aikace-aikace na su kare lafiya. Akwai 'yan gyarawa dokoki, da aiwatar da abin da ake bukata don kauce wa dalma, wanda shi ne iya fararwa wani fungicide. The Dokokin annexed to kowane shiri, yayi:

• adana dabam daga kwayoyi da kuma miyagun ƙwayoyi kayayyakin a bushe, sanyi, duhu wuri a zazzabi ba fi +35 ° C da ba m fiye -10 ° C;
• tabbatar da isar yara da dabbobi.
• Shiri na aiki bayani don samar da glassware amfani a kitchen;
• bayani da aka yi amfani da nan da nan, shi ba adana.
• gudanar da wani magani da in babu yara da dabbobi.
• domin irin wannan aikin shirya musamman tufafi.
• a lokacin aiki ba kama abinci, abin sha, ko hayaki.
• Bayan da tsari, ku wanke fuskõkinku da hannuwanku.
• ganga amfani ga bayani shiri da kuma bayani na sprayer rinsed a ruwan famfo.

Dole taimakon for guba

Idan taka tsantsan a lokacin da akayi tare da kwayoyi ba a lura, shi wajibi ne don nan da nan kai da matakan. Idan da miyagun ƙwayoyi bazata buga da ciki, kana bukatar ka sha 0.5 lita na ruwa da kuma sa amai. Bayan lamba tare da fata da aiki, abu ne wanke karkashin ruwan famfo ga akalla minti 10. Matukar hatsari ingress da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin huhu ko idanu. A irin haka ne, da ido da aka wanke da ruwa, kuma wani kashi biyu cikin dari bayani daga hydrogen peroxide, kuma inhaled maras tabbas abubuwa outputted to sabo ne iska. Duk da fassara taimakon farko, zai zama superfluous koma zuwa wani asibiti, shan marufi lakabin da miyagun ƙwayoyi amfani.

Modern m kayan aiki

A amfani da fungicides ya zama wani larura a yau, saboda haka ya kamata ka sani daidai da abin da kwayoyi za a iya amfani da a wasu lokuta, da kuma wasu wasu. Mun jera fi na kowa zamani fungicides, kai a look at su aiki, amfani ko rashin amfani.

"Fundazol": umarnin don amfani da

"Fundazol" (foda) - na tsari fungicide m mataki don magance da yawa iri fungal cututtuka. Dace da m da curative sprays karkashin barazana fungal cututtuka. Amfani da wani iri miya kafin dasa. Yana yana da wani kadan m wari. Hazard - 3. Active abu fundazol - benomyl, shiga da shuka ta cikin tushen ko m sassa da kuma canza zuwa cikin carbendazim - abu da ciwon m fungicidal Properties. Mafi yawa daga fundazol accumulates a farfajiya na shuka, yayin da karami, ya ratsa cikin shi ne iya kare ko hulɗa da rabo daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi.

Hanyoyi don amfani "fundazol"

Fungicide, musamman "fundazol" za a iya za'ayi a hanyoyi daban-daban:

• tare da labule.
• spraying da shuke-shuke a lokacin da girma kakar.
• etching da iri kafin dasa.

"Fundazol" umurci manual ne a haɗe zuwa kowane kunshin, an narkar da a cikin wani adadin 1 g ta 1 lita na ruwa. Wannan aiki bayani. Amfani da shi ne zai yiwu ba fiye da sau biyu, ta kakar.

Seed magani bada shawarar wata daya kafin dasa. Tare da "fundazol" watering da ake bukata a taron na bayyanar cututtuka da cutar shuke-shuke da kuma spraying ne m matakan da cewa suna dauka kafin ya faru na m bayyanar cututtuka.

"Topaz": a fungicide dangane penconazole

"Topaz" (emulsion tattara) kamar yadda "fundazol", shi ne na tsari fungicide na warkewa da kuma m mataki don kare tsire-tsire da fungal cututtuka irin su powdery fumfuna, tsatsa, fumfuna da sauransu. "Topaz" - a fungicide, wani odorless, moderately kawo hadari ga mutane, da dabbobi da kifi, amma ba mai guba ga tsuntsaye da kwari. An tsananin haramta aiki shuka a lokacin flowering. Hazard aji - 3.

Mafi tasiri "Topaz" domin kariya na dutse, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, Berry, kayan lambu da kuma ornamental amfanin gona, da kuma powdery fumfuna a kan innabi da fungi da kuma sauran cututtuka. Gudanar da wani tazara na 7-14 kwanaki m jiyya da kashe cututtuka sa ta pathogens na cututtuka daban-daban a cikin farkon girma kakar, nuna mafi kyau da sakamakon.

Yadda za a yi amfani da "Topaz"?

Maido da fungicide amfani dangane da ci gaban zamani a cikin abin da shuka aka located, kuma a kan irin nisan da ya rauni. Rauni mafita amfani a farkon girma kakar ko a low dauke da kwayar cutar bango. karin iko - a ƙãre takardar ko haila na gwaji rauni kamuwa da cuta. Bayan da magani, da miyagun ƙwayoyi al'adu don inganta sakamakon da shi bu mai kyau don amfani lamba fungicides. Wadannan shawarwari an sanya a kan yin amfani da "Topaz" umarnin:

• ga 'ya'yan itãce, kuma bushes (currants, gooseberries, peaches, inabi) da kuma kayan lambu da kuma strawberry abinda ke ciki na daya ampule shiri da aka narkar a 10 lita na ruwa.
• domin flower amfanin gona (. wardi, carnations, asters, da dai sauransu) fiye da mayar da hankali bayani - daya ampoule wakili narkar da a 5 l na ruwa.

"Topaz" - fungicide wanda farashin ne low, da kuma amfanin ta dace aikace-aikace ne invaluable. Spraying ya kamata a yi a kwantar da hankula, bushe weather, gaba ɗaya zalunta da dukan surface na shuka. The bayani ne shirya nan da nan kafin da ayyukansu. Wadannan aiki idan da bukatar da akwai, ya yi, bayan 10-14 kwanaki, idan matsara lokaci ya elapsed.

Fungicide "Horus"

Don kare da na dutse 'ya'yan itatuwa, inabõbi, kuma strawberry da scab, powdery fumfuna, kuma moniliosis amfani fungicide "Chorus" ɓullo da a kan tushen da cyprodinil cajuwa a cikin nau'i na ruwa mai narkewa granules. "Chorus" - a fungicide, an yi amfani da nasarar magance ceri leaf tabo, da kuma klyasterosporiozom monilial 'ya'yan rot a kan plum da ceri tare da wani' ya'yan itace rot da kuma scab on apples da pears.

Processing "Horus" aka samar da spraying, na farko na wanda yana da za'ayi kafin flowering, na biyu - a lokacin da girma kakar, amma ba daga baya fiye da makonni 2 kafin girbi. Yana da kyau ka ciyar da wani biyu magani bayan makonni 2 bayan da iri na al'adu. The aiki bayani ne shirya a cikin wadannan rabbai: 10 l na ruwa da aka narkar 3 c. da miyagun ƙwayoyi. A talakawan kwarara da itacen nufin ne daga 2 zuwa 5 lita na bayani dangane da itace jinsin da kuma girma na sprayer.

"Chorus" - fungicide aikace-aikace wanda alama shi ne cewa shi ya nuna mafi girma yadda ya dace a low yanayin zafi (3-10 ° C), wanda shi ne wani amfani da wannan shiri, tun shi za a iya amfani da nasara a cikin farkon spring, a lokacin da, a general, akwai wani kamuwa da cuta da kuma horticultural amfanin gona moniliosis. Growers gogaggen ba da shawarar da su bi da itatuwa tare da kara yawan zafin jiki a sama 22 ° C. M zamani yana 7-10 kwanaki bayan da magani. Wani amfani da yin amfani da "Horus" ne ta high warkewa sakamako a kan wani riga kamu da shuke-shuke.

Sharuddan Amfani da fungicide "Horus"

Domin daban-daban shuka aiki bayani taro dabam. Domin apple da pear aiki na bukatar wani bayani tattalin daga 2 g na kudi zuwa 10 lita na ruwa. Spraying dutse 'ya'yan yadda ya kamata wani bayani da 3 g da lita 10 na ruwa. A taro na bayani domin lura da strawberry Sotk 1 - 6 g ta 5 lita na ruwa.

Fungicides for inabi, musamman, "Chorus" shirya a wannan rabbai kamar yadda na strawberry - 6 g na kayan lita 10 na ruwa. Matsakaicin yiwu yawan jiyya ta kakar for strawberry ne 2, da na dutse 'ya'yan itace (plums baya) da kuma innabi - 3; pome 'ya'yan itatuwa da plums - 4 sau.

Dace da kuma m aiki na amfanin gona taimaka lambu da kuma a cikin tsarkakewa daga cikin kewayen birni yankunan da pathogens na daban-daban cututtuka da kuma a kara amfanin gona inganci da lafiya 'ya'yan itace.