Gatchina Parks da manyan gidãje (photo)

Famous fada da wurin shakatawa na Gatchina, wanda sune guda gungu, kafa a XVII - XIX ƙarni. An located tsakanin Black, White kuma Azurfa Lake.

jan hankali Gatchina

Lalle ne shĩ, babban janye daga birnin ne m gungu na manyan gidãje da kuma wuraren shakatawa. Ya aka sani zuwa yanzu fiye da kan iyakoki na kasar mu. Yawon bude ido daga ko'ina a duniya zo nan don shaida mu'ujiza na shi. Yana burge tare da ƙawa Gatchina Palace da kuma Park, wanda photos za a iya gani ba kawai a Rasha, amma kuma a waje wallafe. Wannan gungu da aka halitta a kan ƙarni ta daban-daban gine-ginen, wanda amfani da dama styles. Amma duk wannan za a iya hada ta samar da wani jitu abun da ke ciki.

Gatchina Parks taba gundura. Walking on su ga sa'o'i kuma abin mamaki, amma ku za kullum find wani sabon abu. Masu ziyara iya daukar wani jirgin ruwan haya, da kuma wani iyo a kan White Lake, don ganin ta kyau rairayin bakin teku, mafi terraced ginshiƙin gada, Venus Pavilion, Chesma obelisk.

Gatchina Palace da kuma Park

Construction na Grand Palace a Gatchina aka kaddamar a 1766. A wannan lokacin da maigidan da gidan gona ya Count Grigory Orlov. Author na aikin shi ne shahararren m Antonio Rinaldi. Ya yanke shawarar gina wata fada cewa za a iya dimbin yawa kamar farauta kwana tare a karkashin kasa sassa da hasumiya.

Yi na fada dade shekaru 15 da aka kammala a 1781. Daga baya ya sake sau da yawa, amma ya ba halin canza ta asali bayyanar. Babban fada gini an haɗa ta semicircular arcades da biyu tattalin arziki quads - stables da kuma kitchen.

A tsakiyar ɓangare na fadar ne bukukuwan dakunan, quads kuma yi kamar yadda aka yi nufi, da karin aiki. Rinaldi aza a cikin aikin na fada m karkashin kasa da nassi ya iya yin seamlessly kuma da sauri bar gidan sarauta. Dole ne in ce cewa akwai mutane da yawa m kofofin a fāda, da dakuna, farfajiyoyi da kuma mataki. Wasu daga cikin su kai ga boye nassi, yayin da wasu ba ka damar da sauri samu daga daya karshen Estate zuwa wani, wasu sun kawai ofishin sarari. Yau, a wani lungu na fādar sarki, baƙi za su iya samun akwai kawai tare da wani mai shiryarwa.

Gatchina karkashin Paul na

Bayan Grigory Orlov aikata ba (1783), Gatchina saya daga gãje Catherine II. A Empress ya Estate zuwa fadar wa ɗansa, Paul Petrovich. Ya sosai m wannan wuri, kuma nan da nan ya koma a nan, don gabatar da zaman zauna a nan. Dole ne in ce cewa kafin Paul tafiya a baje a Turai da kuma ya ji sha'awar abin da ya gani ba. Wasu gine-gine yi wahayi zuwa gare shi musamman, kuma ya yanke shawarar gina wani abu irin wannan a Gatchina.

Alal misali, Venus Pavilion ya kwafin suke dashi asali daga castle na Chantilly a Faransa. A nan gaba sarki ya yanke shawarar dan kadan gyaggyara Gatchina fada da wurin shakatawa. Akwai gagarumin tare da igwa, drawbridges kuma moats.

Sake fasalin al'amura na fada da kuma wurin shakatawa hadaddun jagorancin Vincenzo Brenna - da aka sani a lokacin da m. Ya yi aiki a hankali tare da daidai shahara master ya craft - V. I. Bazhenovym. A Grand Palace gidãjen Aljanna kasance akai layout - Upper da kuma Lower Dutch gidãjen Aljanna, da dukiya, da kuma kadan m - Sylvia. Suka fara haifar a cikin shekaru 1790. Yana da aka haƙa a tashar ƙare a wani octagonal pool. Yana amfani da su anã babbaka tare da irin kifi, don haka shi aka kira Karpin.

Pavel Petrovich a 1796, Dates baya ga gadon sarauta, da kuma Gatchina zama mazaunin sarki. Bayan mutuwarsa, da aikin gine-gine a wurin shakatawa da kuma fada da aka kammala. A 1851, a gaban fadar a kan square wani abin tunawa ga Paul I. Its marubucin - sculptor I. P. Vitali. A 1880 da Gatchina Palace Alexander III zauna tare da iyalinsa.

shakatawa

Gatchina fadar shakatawa ta fara da nunawa, tare da gidan sarauta. Ya zama na farko da landscaped shakatawa a Rasha. Shahararren artist daga Italiya Iogann Bush da aka kira su zuwa ga haifar da shi.

Gatchina shakatawa da aka sanya a cikin harshen Turanci style. Babu m domin, halittawa kawai jaddada halitta kyakkyawa. Lambu nemi karin sakamako da dasa shuke-shuke da launi daban-daban ganye da kuma allurar.

Gatchina shakatawa hoto wanda za ka iya gani a wannan labarin, yana da wani kumshin cibiyar, wanda shi ne fadar White Lake. Ga akwai da yawa gine-gine ginen - gadoji, gazebos, haimõmi, da dai sauransu Chesma obelisk tsara ta Rinaldi, daya daga cikin na farko. An sadaukar da nasarar da Rasha rundunar motoci a kan Turks a bay Chesma (1770).

Gatchina shakatawa ne na babban sha'awa tsakanin kwararru. Wasu daga cikin gine-gine (Mask Portal da Birch House) ne m Monuments. Portal A mask da aka yi da dutse da kuma shiga gida ado da Birch rajistan ayyukan. Ga alama m sauki, amma a lokaci guda sosai picturesque. A bayyanar shi yayi kama da wani tari na itace. Amma bayan da na fili sauki ta'allaka da wani tsada ciki. Irin wannan gine-gine sun kowa a cikin marigayi XVIII karni. Suna yi a cikin wani gida ko tsari, amma a ciki trimmed da Rahoto Ziyarar alatu. Su aka yi nufi ga hutu kamfanoni, suna fita yawo a gonar. Sauran shakatawa da gine-gine ne babu kasa mai ban sha'awa. Alal misali wakiltar Echo amphitheater, Admiralty Gate babban tanti Eagle da sauransu.

Dutch Aljanna a Gatchina shakatawa

A gaskiya, wadannan biyu lambu - Upper da kuma Lower. Sun kasu kashi girma baranda. Tare da ta mallaka lambu, wanda aka located kusa da rikewa high terrace, sun kafa wani m gungu Pridvortsovy gidãjen Aljanna.

m lambu

Yana da wani ƙasa lambu shirya fitar a yau da kullum style ciwon rectangular siffar kuma da ɗan elongated dangi zuwa ga tsakiyar axis Pridvortsovy gidãjen Aljanna. Yana bautarka wani yanki na kimanin 0.6 kadada. Wannan halitta flower gadaje, lawns da asali nau'i na kai tsaye, tsakuwa da kuma pounded tubali walkway. A wuraren da suka ratsa halitta a kusa da shafin.

A cikin ƙananan lambu yana da bakwai dutse mataki. Uku daga cikinsu suna located a arewa-maso-gabashin gangara. Biyu staircases - a kudu maso yammacin gangara. Wani daya yana da wani tsãni a arewa maso yammacin kuma kudu-maso-gabashin gangara. Duk wadannan matakala - wannan takamaiman dandamali. Tare da kowane daga cikinsu da ban mamaki views.

Top Dutch lambu

Yana maida hankali ne akan wani babban yanki - game 2.5 kadada. Kamar Lower Aljanna, ya fili shirya. Daga cikin m yanki, wanda yake shi ne kumshin na lambu cibiyar, takwas waƙoƙi diverge. Lungu, wanda gudanar ta hanyar tsakiyar gonar, ya ƙare abruptly faruwa saukar da fadi da dutse bene na biyu Al'arshinSa. Irin wannan hadaddun gagarumi qagaggun, wanda aka halitta a cikin Dutch gidãjen Aljanna, shi ne hali na yau da kullum da gidãjen Aljanna. Su, babu shakka, ado da Gatchina shakatawa. Upper da kuma Lower Dutch gidãjen Aljanna, reminiscent na gõnaki na Villas na Italiya, da kuma masu rare a Rasha shakatawa yi.

Priory Palace

A zamanin mulkin Paul na, wurin shakatawa yankin da aka ƙwarai kumbura. Ta aka shiga Priory Park, wanda yanki ne 154 kadada. Its main janye - da m Priory Palace, gina ta shahara m N. A. Lvov a cikin wani nau'i na kananan jarumi ta castle.

A fadar aka located a kan tudu na Black Lake. Quite ban sha'awa dabara na ginin. Ganuwar da fadar aka gina na horar da ƙasa, wanda aka moistened tare da wani musamman bayani. Nikolai Lvov rayayye amfani da wannan dabara. "Priory" da harshen Faransanci da aka fassara a matsayin "kananan sufi." Yanzu a cikin wannan gini ne birni gidan kayan gargajiya na gida Lore.

Gatchina bayan yakin duniya na biyu

Kafin farko na Nazi sojojin fara da gaggawa fitarwa na m dabi'u na Gatchina Palace. 12 dubu abubuwa da aka fitar dashi. Shi ne kawai 20% na dukan tarin. A 1941 birnin da aka shagaltar da ta Nazis. Su sare mutane da yawa itatuwa a wurin shakatawa. A lokacin da suka yi ritaya da Jamus sa wuta a Grand Palace. Gatchina aka saki a farkon shekarar 1944.

Kusan nan da nan bayan nasarar a cikin birni, ya fara aiki a kan sabuntawa na tarihi hadaddun. Shi ne kawai a shekarar 1985, Gatchina Palace da kuma Park maraba da farko baƙi.