Jini clots a cikin huhu. Na huhu embolism: haddasawa, cututtuka, sakamakon, magani

Rai barazana cuta ne na huhu embolism (PE). Muna magana ne game da kafa jini clots. Daga cikin dukan pathologies na huhu embolism aka saki gangami statistics. Jini clots a cikin huhu ne iya a kowane lokaci don toshe da jijiya. Abin baƙin ciki, quite sau da yawa shi ne m. Kusan daya bisa uku na dukan marasa lafiya kwatsam mutuwa faruwa a sakamakon blockage na huhu jijiya da wani jini gudan jini.

Halaye na cuta

PE ba wani m cutar. Kamar yadda sunan wanann, wannan shi ne wani sakamako na thrombosis.

Jini gudan jini, neman up daga wurin ilimi, za'ayi a kan ta cikin jini tsarin. Sau da yawa, jini clots faruwa a cikin ƙananan extremities. Wani lokaci yana sarrafa a dama zuciya. A jini gudan jini ya wuce ta dama atrium, ventricle kuma a cikin huhu wurare dabam dabam. Ya motsa a cikin guda jiki tururi jijiya da venous jini - huhu.

Tafiya gudan jini aka kira wani embolus. Ya rushes cikin huhu. Wannan sigar musamman m tsari. A jini gudan jini a cikin huhu iya ba zato ba tsammani toshe jijiya rassan. Waɗannan kwanoni ne yalwatacce a lambar. Duk da haka, su diamita rage-rage. Da zarar a cikin jirgin ruwa, ta hanyar abin da jini gudan jini ba zai wuce ba, shi tubalan jini ya kwarara. Wannan shi ne abin da sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa mutuwa.

Idan wani m m wani jini gudan jini a cikin huhu, sakamakon dogara ne a kan abin da ya juya daga da za a gidan ya toshe jirgin ruwa. Embolus disrupts al'ada jinin samar da kyallen takarda da kuma yiwuwar gas musayar a matakin kananan rassan, ko manyan jijiyoyi. A haƙuri bayyana hypoxia.

The mai tsanani da cuta

Jini clots a cikin huhu haifar daga rikitarwa na jiki rashin lafiya bayan haihuwa da kuma aiki yanayi. Mace-mace daga wannan cuta sosai high. Shi ne 3rd manyan dalilin mutuwar, na biyu kawai ga zuciya da jijiyoyin jini ailments da kuma ciwon daji.

Yau PE aka ɓullo da yafi a kan bango na da wadannan dalilai:

• m Pathology.
• hadaddun tiyata.
• da rauni.

A cutar halin tsanani, da dama disparate bayyanar cututtuka, nakasa daga 'ya'yan ganewar asali, a babban hadarin da mace-mace. Statistics nuna, a kan tushen da gwaji kan gawar jarrabawa, jini clots a cikin huhu da aka ba dace kamu kusan 50-80% na yawan mutu saboda na huhu embolism.

A cuta auku sosai cikin sauri. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa yana da muhimmanci da sauri kuma daidai gane asali munanan. Kazalika da ta dace magani da iya ajiye mutum rayuwarsu.

Idan akwai aka dace gano wani jini gudan jini a cikin huhu, da rayuwa kashi ne ƙwarai karu. The mace-mace kudi tsakanin marasa lafiya da suke samu da dole magani, shi ne game da 10%. Ba tare da bincike da kuma isasshen magani, da ta kai 40-50%.

A Sanadin cutar

A jini gudan jini a cikin huhu, wani photo na wanda aka located a cikin wannan labarin ne a sakamakon:

• zurfin jannayẽnsa thrombosis daga cikin ƙananan extremities.
• da samuwar wani jini gudan jini a wani yanki na venous tsarin.

Da yawa kasa sau da yawa, wannan Pathology za a iya sarrafa a cikin jijiyoyinmu daga cikin peritoneum, ko babba extremities.

Hadarin dalilai, bayar da shawara da ci gaban da haƙuri da na huhu embolism ne 3 triggering yanayin. Suna da ake kira "da triad na Virchow." Wadannan dalilai sun hada da:

1. Rage jini ya kwarara gudu a cikin venous tsarin. Stagnation a cikin tasoshin. Slow jini ya kwarara.
2. A ƙãra propensity zuwa thrombosis. Gipersvertyvaemost jini.
3. Raunin da ya faru ko lalata venous bango.

Kamar haka, akwai wasu yanayi wanda tsokane sama dalilai, wanda aka gano a sakamakon gudan jini a cikin huhu. A dalilan iya boye a karkashin wadannan yanayi.

By inda hakan ya sauka daga venous jini ya kwarara iya haifar da:

• dogon tafiye-tafiye, tafiya, a sakamakon wanda wani mutum yana na dogon lokaci don su zauna a wani jirgin saman, mota, jirgin kasa;
• arin a cikin abin da ake bukata gado sauran na dogon lokaci.

By gipersvertyvaemosti jini zai iya sa:

• shan taba.
• da yin amfani da maganin hana haihuwa, estrogen.
• kwayoyin predisposition.
• Oncology.
• polycythemia - babban adadin ja jini Kwayoyin.
• tiyata.
• ciki.

Don a venous bango rauni gubar:

• zurfin jannayẽnsa thrombosis.
• m kafar raunin.
• tiyata da ƙananan wata gabar jiki.

hadarin dalilai

Physicians ne da wadannan predisposing dalilai a wadda matsakaicin jini gudan jini sau da yawa samu a cikin huhu. A sakamakon cuta ne musamman m. Saboda haka wajibi ne a kula da kiwon lafiya na mutanen da suka gani cikin abubuwan da ya bayyana a kasa:

• rage jiki aiki.
• shekaru fiye da shekaru 50.
• oncologic Pathology.
• tiyata.
• zuciya rashin cin nasara, na tsokar.
• traumatic rauni.
• varicose veins.
• amfani da hormonal hana.
• haihuwa da rikitarwa.
• erythremia.
• kiba.
• kwayoyin cuta.
• tsari lupus erythematosus.

Wani lokaci yana iya bincikar lafiya jini clots a cikin huhu na mata bayan haihuwa, musamman nauyi su. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, irin wannan jiha da aka riga da samuwar wani gudan jini a cinyar ko maraƙi. Ya sa kansa ya ji ciwo, zazzabi, redness ko kumburi. Game da wannan cuta ya kamata a sanar da likita nan da nan, don haka kamar yadda ba su tsananta cutar tsari.

A halayyar bayyanar cututtuka

Domin gane asali a jini gudan jini a cikin huhu, da bayyanar cututtuka na cuta ya kamata su bayyana a fili. Ya kamata ya mai da hankali tare da yiwu ci gaba da wannan cuta. Abin baƙin ciki, da na asibiti hoto na huhu embolism ne quite bambancin. An ƙaddara da tsanani daga cikin Pathology, kudi na ci gaba da kuma canje-canje a cikin huhu cututtuka na tamkar cuta tsokane ta wannan wahala.

Idan akwai wani jini gudan jini a cikin huhu, cututtuka (kiyasta) a cikin wani haƙuri wadannan:

1. Shortness na numfashi, kwatsam wani kwakkwaran dalili ba.
2. Akwai wani karuwa a zuciya rate (da daya a minti na fiye da 100 shanyewar jiki).
3. Kodadde fata da halayyar m tint.
4. Pain, abin da ke faruwa a sassa daban daban na sternum.
5. Illa hanji motility.
6. Sharp hyperemia wuyansa veins da kuma hasken rana plexus, ya lura da bulging, a bayyane pulsation na lakã.
7. Fusata peritoneum - wani bango ne siga isa, akwai jin zafi a ciki ji.
8. Zuciya murmurs.
9. Strong matsa lamba da aka rage.

Marasa lafiya suka sami wani jini gudan jini a cikin huhu, da sama cututtuka su ne ba dole ba ne. Duk da haka, babu wani daga wadannan cututtuka ne ba da alaka da takamaiman.

Bugu da kari ga muhimman halaye, da wadannan jihohi na iya ci gaba:

• zazzabi.
• coughing sama da jini;
• rufe da mãgãgi.
• zafi a cikin sternum.
• amai.
• kãmun aiki;
• ruwa zuwa cikin sternum.
• coma.

A hanya da cuta

Tun da Pathology yana nufin mai matukar hatsari cututtuka, ba ban da mutuwa, ya kamata a yi la'akari da mafi daki-daki tasowa bayyanar cututtuka.

Da farko, da haƙuri tasowa shortness na numfashi. Da ya faru ba wadda ta gabãta daga wani alamu. A dalilan bayyanuwar tashin hankali cututtuka su ne gaba daya ba a nan. Shortness na numfashi ya bayyana a exhale. An halin shiru sauti, bi da wani rustling inuwa. Duk da haka, shi ne ko da yaushe ba.

Bayan ta, PE yana tare da kara zuciya rate. Tapped daga sama 100 lashe minti daya.

A gaba muhimmanci alama ne m karu a jini. A mataki na rage wannan index ne inversely na gwargwado ga mai tsanani da cuta. Ƙananan matsa lamba saukad da, da mafi tsanani raunuka tsokani PE.

Pain dogara da tsanani da cuta, da kuma adadin lalace jijiyoyin bugun gini cuta matakin da ke faruwa a cikin jiki:

1. Pain baya da breastbone, wanda yana da kaifi, discontinuous hali. Wannan rashin jin daɗi ne halin jijiya blockage. A zafi sakamakon daga jijiya matsawa da jirgin ruwa bango.
2. Stenokardicheskie rashin jin daɗi. Pain aka compressing hali. Located a cikin yankin na zuciya. Sau da yawa yana da kafada ruwa, hannu.
3. M rashin jin daɗi a cikin dukan sternum. Wannan Pathology iya faye hali wahala - huhu infarction. A rashin jin daɗi ne ƙwarai inganta a lokacin da wani motsi - zurfi numfashi, tari, sneezing.
4. Pain karkashin karankarman ƙirji a kan dama. Da yawa kasa rashin jin daɗi na iya faruwa a cikin hanta yanki, idan haƙuri yana da jini clots a cikin huhu.

kasa jini ya kwarara lura a cikin jirgin ruwa. Yana iya tsokana da haƙuri:

• m hiccups.
• tashin hankali a ciki bango.
• paresis na hanji.
• bulging na manyan jijiyoyinmu a cikin wuyansa, kuma kafafu.

A fata surface zama kodadde launi. Sau da yawa ci gaba ashy ko launin toka komowar ruwa. Daga bisani, yiwu shiga blue lebe. A karshen fasalin da shawara mai kauri embolism.

Wani lokaci haƙuri iya ji da halayyar zuciya gunaguni, arrhythmia aka gano. A cikin hali na huhu infarction May hemoptysis, a hade tare da kaifi zafi a kirji, da kuma a isasshe high zazzabi. Hyperthermia iya faruwa ga dama, kwanaki da kuma wani lokacin a mako da rabi.

A marasa lafiya a wanda thrombus cikin huhu, za a iya lura take hakki na kwakwalwa wurare dabam dabam. Wadannan marasa lafiya sau da yawa ba:

• rufe da mãgãgi.
• convulsions.
• dizziness.
• coma.
• hiccups.

Wani lokaci aka bayyana bayyanar cututtuka zai iya shiga ãyõyin koda gazawar, m form.

rikitarwa da na huhu embolism

Wannan shi ne hadarin gaske musamman pathologies a wadda sarrafa jini gudan jini a cikin huhu. A sakamakon ga jiki za a iya bambanta. Yana da kayyade shakka daga rikitarwa da cutar, da inganci da tsawon rayuwa na haƙuri.

Babban sakamakon da PE ne:

1. Chronically dagagge matsa lamba a cikin huhu tasoshin.
2. Na huhu infarction.
3. Paradoxical embolism a cikin tasoshin da manyan da'irar.

Duk da haka, ba duk don haka bakin ciki, idan dace kamu jini clots a cikin huhu. Forecast kamar yadda muka gani a sama, shi ne m, idan haƙuri zai sami dace magani. A wannan yanayin, da sa'a ne high rage girman hadarin m sakamakon.

Kasa ne babban cututtuka da cewa likitoci kamu a sakamakon matsalolin da na huhu embolism:

• pleurisy.
• na huhu infarction.
• ciwon huhu.
• empyema.
• huhu ƙurji.
• koda gazawar.
• pneumothorax.

maimaita na huhu embolism

Wannan Pathology ne iya a maimaita a marasa lafiya sau da yawa a dukan rayuwarsa. A wannan yanayin, shi ne wani nau'i na maimaita thromboembolism. Aƙalla 10-30% da marasa lafiya bayan daya irin wannan cuta, yiwuwa ga maimaita aukuwa na huhu embolism. Daya haƙuri dõmin ta kasance wata dama daban-daban harin. A kan talakawan, su yawan dabam daga 2 zuwa 20. Mutane da yawa hijira Pathology aukuwa wakiltar blockage na kananan rassan. Daga baya wannan Pathology take kaiwa zuwa wani babban jijiya embolization. Yana kafa wani m huhu embolism.

A Sanadin maimaita siffofin iya zama:

• kullum cututtuka na numfashi da kuma zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin.
• oncologic cututtuka.
• m baki a ciki yankin.

Wannan nau'i na da wani sarari na asibiti ãyõyi. An halin Heart kan. Yadda ya kamata gane asali da wannan yanayin yana da wuya. Sau da yawa unexpressed cututtuka kuskure domin bayyanar cututtuka na sauran cututtuka.

Komowan na huhu embolism iya faruwa da wadannan yanayi:

• m ciwon huhu, ya faru ga wani kwakkwaran dalili ba.
• rufe da mãgãgi.
• pleurisy faruwa a kan da dama kwana.
• asma.
• zuciya da jijiyoyin jini auka.
• shortness na numfashi;
• ya karu da zuciya rate.
• zazzabi, ba kawar da antibacterial kwayoyi.
• zuciya rashin cin nasara, kullum cutar a cikin rashi na huhu ko zuciya.

Cutar na iya haifar da wadannan matsalolin:

• emphysema .
• na huhu fibrosis - huhu nama yana maye gurbinsu da connective.
• zuciya rashin cin nasara.
• na huhu hauhawar jini.

Komowan na huhu embolism ne mai hadarin gaske saboda wani m episode iya haifar da mutuwa.

ganewar asali da cuta

The sama bayyanar cututtuka, kamar yadda aka ambata riga, ba takamaiman. Saboda haka, dangane da wadannan alamu ba za a iya bincikar lafiya. Duk da haka, a lokacin da Pate dole gabatar halayyar alama 4:

• shortness na numfashi;
• tachycardia - ya karu da zuciya rate.
• ciwon kirji.
• shortness na numfashi.

Idan haƙuri yana da wata ãyã daga cikin hudu, sa'an nan ya da wani thromboembolism.

Amma ba kome ne don haka sauki. Pathology ganewar asali ne musamman wuya. Don za a zarga PE kamata bincika yiwuwar bunkasa cutar. Saboda haka, likita da farko fa, tã da hankali ga yiwu hadarin dalilai: kasancewar wani ciwon zuciya, thrombosis, tiyata. Wannan ba ka damar gano dalilin da cutar, yankin daga wanda gudan cikin huhu.

M safiyo ga ganewa ko wariya da na huhu embolism suna da wadannan karatu:

1. ECG. Very m Hanyar ganewar asali. Electrocardiogram ba wani tunani na digiri na cuta mai tsanani. Idan ka hada wannan bayanai da tarihi da cutar, na huhu embolism kamu da high ainihin.
2. X-ray. Wannan binciken domin samar da PE ganewar asali ne uninformative. Duk da haka, yana yiwuwa ya bambanta da cutar daga wasu pathologies da cewa suna da irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka. Alal misali, ta hanyar lobar ciwon huhu, pleurisy, pneumothorax, aortic aneurysm, pericarditis.
3. Echocardiography. A binciken da ya bayyana daidai wurin da thrombus, form, size, juz'i.
4. Huhu scintigraphy. Wannan hanyar bada likita a 'hoto' na huhu tasoshin. Ta fili alama yanki na gaji da damuwa da jini wurare dabam dabam. Amma don gane da wuri inda sarrafa clots a cikin huhu, ba shi yiwuwa. A binciken yana da babban bincike darajar kawai a lokacin da manyan jijiyoyin bugun gini Pathology. Gano matsaloli a kananan rassan tare da taimakon wannan hanyar ba zai yiwu ba.
5. Ultrasonography na kafa jijiyoyinmu.

Idan ya cancanta, da mãsu haƙuri za a iya sanya ƙarin hanyoyi na gudanar da bincike.

gaggawa taimako

Ka tuna, idan ka zo kashe wani jini gudan jini a cikin huhu, cututtuka na haƙuri iya ci gaba a walƙiya gudun. Kuma kamar yadda sauri kai ga mutuwa. Saboda haka, idan akwai shaida na huhu embolism kamata a bayar ga mãsu haƙuri a sauran kuma nan da nan kira cardiology "motar asibiti." A haƙuri aka shigar da shi da m kula naúrar.

Gaggawa kula dogara ne a kan wadannan abubuwan:

1. Gaggawa tsakiyar jannayẽnsa catheter da kuma shigar da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Reopoligljukin" ko glucose-novocaine cakuda.
2. Gudanar intravenously gudanar da kwayoyi, "Heparin", "dalteparin", "Enoxaparin".
3. M sakamako shafe narcotic analgesics, kamar "Promedol," "Fentanyl", "Morin," "Leksir", "Droperidol".
4. Oxygen far.
5. A haƙuri ne gudanar thrombolytics: na nufin "Streptokinase", "xin urokinase".
6. A lokuta da arrhythmia alaka wadannan kwayoyi: "Magnesium sulfate", "Digoxin", "ATP", "Ramipril", "Panangin".
7. Idan wani haƙuri ne gudanar da wani tura dauki ga shi "Prednisolone" ko "hydrocortisone", da kuma antispasmodics, "ba-silos", "Eufillin", "papaverine".

Hanyoyi da za a magance PE

Farfado iya mayar da jini ya kwarara zuwa cikin huhu, su hana ci gaban sepsis a wani haƙuri, kazalika da kare da samuwar na huhu hauhawar jini.

Duk da haka, bayan taimakon farko a haƙuri a bukatar ci gaba da magani. Fada Pathology ne da nufin hana da komawa da cutar, gama resorption na jini gudan jini.

Don kwanan wata, akwai hanyoyi biyu don cire jini clots a cikin huhu. Hanyoyin da magani daga wadannan pathologies:

• thrombolytic far.
• tiyata.

thrombolytic far

Drug magani dogara ne a kan magunguna irin su:

• "Heparin".
• "Streptokinase".
• "Fraksiparin".
• nama plasminogen activator.
• "Xin urokinase."

Irin wannan kwayoyi iya narke jini clots da kuma hana samuwar sabon clots.

Da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Heparin" gudanar da haƙuri intravenously kan 7-10 kwana. A wannan a hankali sarrafawa sigogi na jini clotting. Domin 3-7 kwanaki kafin lura da haƙuri da aka gudanar da daya daga cikin wadannan kwayoyi a kwamfutar hannu tsari:

• "Warfarin".
• "Trombostop".
• "Cardiomagnyl".
• "Thrombotic ACC."

Control na jini clotting ci gaba. Karbar wani aiki yana Allunan (bayan fama da na huhu embolism) game da 1 shekara.

Magunguna "xin urokinase", "streptokinase" gudanar intravenously lokacin da rana. Wannan magudi an maimaita 1 lokaci da watan. Igiyar jini amfani da nama plasminogen activator. The guda kashi da za a gudanar a kan sa'o'i da dama.

Thrombolytic far ba za'ayi bayan tiyata. an kuma haramta a cikin hali na pathologies, wanda za a iya wuya da zub da jini. Alal misali, peptic miki. Saboda thrombolytic kwayoyi na iya kara hadarin zub da jini.

m magani

Irin wannan tambaya ne ya tashe kawai a cikin shan kashi na babban yanki. A wannan yanayin, dole ne ka da sauri cire sarrafa jini gudan jini a cikin huhu. Jiyya daga cikin wadannan bada shawarar. Musamman kayan aiki da aka cire daga jirgin ruwa thrombus. Wannan aiki damar kawar da hani ga jini ya kwarara hanya.

Complex m baki aka yi idan manyan rassa ko gidan ya toshe jijiya akwati. A wannan yanayin wajibi ne a mayar da jini ya kwarara a kusan dukkanin yankunan da huhu.

Rigakafin na huhu embolism

thromboembolism cuta yana da hali to maimaita mana. Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci ka manta game da musamman m matakan da cewa zai iya kare kan wani komawa na tsanani da kuma barazana Pathology.

Irin matakan ne musamman muhimmanci da mutane tare da wani babban hadarin da bunkasa wannan cuta. Wannan category hada da rãyukanku.

• girmi shekaru 40.
• Bugun jini ko ciwon zuciya.
• da ciwon kiba.
• wanda qunshi episode tarihi na zurfin jannayẽnsa thrombosis ko na huhu embolism.
• halartar tiyata a kan kirji, kafafu, pelvic gabobin, da tumbin.

Rigakafin ya hada da muhimmanci sosai ayyuka:

1. Ultrasonography na kafa jijiyoyinmu.
2. Regular gudanar karkashin fata shirye-shirye "Heparin", "Fraksiparin" ko magani allura a cikin jannayensa "Reopoligljukin".
3. Superimposition na m bandeji a kan ƙafafunsa.
4. Squeezing na musamman cuffs jijiyoyinmu maraƙi.
5. Tying kafa manyan jijiyoyinmu.
6. Kafawa na vena cava tacewa.

A karshe Hanyar ne mai kyau rigakafin thromboembolism. wani iri-iri cava tace an tsara a yau:

• "Mobin-uddin".
• "Gunther Tulip".
• "Greenfield".
• "Hourglass".

A daidai wannan lokaci, ka tuna cewa wannan ginshiki ne mai wuya a kafa. A daidai ba cava tace ba kawai zama abin dogara rigakafin, amma shi ne iya haifar da wata karuwa hadarin thrombosis samuwar da m ci gaban da na huhu embolism. Saboda haka, wannan aiki ya kamata kawai za a yi a cikin rijiya-dakunan kiwon lafiya cibiyar, musamman ta ƙwararren m.