Mene ne Biochemistry? Abin da ake karatu Biochemistry

Mene ne Biochemistry? Halittu ko physiological Biochemistry - nazarin sunadarai matakai cewa underlie aiki na jiki da kuma waɗanda suke faruwa a ciki da cell. Manufar Biochemistry (da ajalinsu ya zo daga Girkanci kalmar «BIOS» - «rai») a matsayin kimiyya - nazarin sinadaran tsarin da metabolism na Kwayoyin, yanayi da kuma hanyoyin da ta tsari, ginshikai na makamashi wadata matakai a cikin cell.

Medical Biochemistry: yanayi da kuma manufar kimiyya

Medical Biochemistry - abin da yake da shi? Wannan sashe na Halittu Chemistry, wanda karatu da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na jikin mutum, da metabolism na sel a cikinta (ciki har da pathological yanayi). Lalle ne, wata cuta, ko da a asymptomatic lokaci, zai babu makawa bar ta bugu a kan sunadarai matakai a cikin Kwayoyin, kwayoyin Properties, wanda za a nuna a cikin sakamakon biochemical analysis. Ba da ilmi ba Biochemistry ba shi yiwuwa a sami hanyar cutar da kuma hanyar da ta tasiri magani.

Biochemical bincike na jini

Mene ne bincike na "Biochemistry na jini"? Biochemical jini nazari kira daya daga cikin hanyoyin da dakin gwaje-gwaje bincikowa da yawa a cikin filayen da magani (misali, endocrinology, ciki magani, gynecology). Ya taimaka wajen daidai gane asali cutar da kuma gudanar da bincike a cikin jini samfurin bisa ga sigogi:

- alanine aminotransferase (Alt, Alt).

- cholesterol ko cholesterol.

- bilirubin.

- urea.

- alpha-amylase, pancreatic amylase, diastase.

- glucose, lipase.

- aspartate aminotransferase (AST, SGOT).

- gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), gamma GT (glutamyl).

- creatinine, mai gina jiki.

- antibodies zuwa Epstein-Barr cutar.

Ga kowa da kowa ta kiwon lafiya da muhimmanci a san abin da a jini Biochemistry, da kuma fahimtar cewa ta yi ba za ta kawai ba duk da bayanai ga tasiri magani regimens, amma kuma taimakawa wajen hana cutar. Sabawa daga al'ada dabi'u - wannan shi ne na farko alama cewa jiki shi ne da wani abu ba daidai ba.

Biochemical bincike na jini ga hanta da bincike: muhimmancin da manufar

Bugu da kari, biochemical bincikowa da damar for monitoring masu kuzarin kawo cikas da cutar da kuma magani sakamakon, don ƙirƙirar cikakken hoto na metabolism, micronutrients rashi na gabobin. Alal misali, nauyin kima ga mutane da sosai hanta aiki zai zama da Biochemistry na hanta. Mene ne wannan? Don haka ya kira jini sunadarai a nazarin da yawa da kuma ingancin da hanta enzymes. Idan su kira ta kakkarye, to, irin wannan jiha razana ci gaban cututtuka, mai kumburi tafiyar matakai.

Bayani dalla-dalla hanta Biochemistry

Biochemistry na hanta - abin da yake da shi? Human hanta da aka hada da ruwa, sunadarai, enzymes, lipids, glycogen. Ta kyallen takarda dauke da ma'adanai: tagulla, da baƙin ƙarfe, nickel, manganese, don haka da biochemical nazarin hanta nama - sosai m da kuma quite tasiri analysis. A mafi muhimmanci enzymes a cikin hanta - a glucokinase, hexokinase. Mai kula da biochemical gwaje-gwaje irin hanta enzymes: alanine aminotransferase (Alt), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Matsayin mai mulkin, da nazari shiryar da wasan kwaikwayon na wadannan kayan.

Ga cikakken da kuma nasara monitoring na kiwon lafiya Kowa ya kamata san abin da "analysis Biochemistry."

Areas na binciken Biochemistry da kuma muhimmancin a daidai fassarar gwajin sakamakon

Abin da ake karatu Biochemistry? Da farko tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na sel, da sinadaran halitta da kuma aiki na enzymes, bitamin, acid. Kimanta da jini domin wadannan sigogi ne kawai zai yiwu idan daidai Mabudi analysis. Idan duk ke da kyau, da jini dabi'u na daban-daban sigogi (glucose, furotin, enzymes daga jini) ya kamata ba karkacewa daga kullum. In ba haka ba, ya kamata a daukarsa a matsayin wata alama da zagi na jiki na yin aiki.

deciphering Biochemistry

Ta yaya za a iya decipher Figures a sakamakon bincike? Kasa kwafi analysis jini sunadarai a kan asali sigogi.

glucose

A glucose matakin nuna ingancin carbohydrate metabolism tsari. A iyakance kudi na ciki kada wuce 5.5 mmol / l. Idan matakin ne m, to, yana iya nuna ciwon sukari, endocrine cuta, hanta matsaloli. Dagagge glucose matakan iya zama saboda ciwon sukari, jiki aiki, hormonal kwayoyi.

gina jiki

Al'ada jini gina jiki - 65-85 g / l. Low sakamakon yayi magana game da take hakkin kodan, hanta, kullum cututtuka, tamowa, dehydration. High gina jiki matakan - wata sigina na kumburi tsari.

cholesterol

Al'ada jini cholesterol - 2,97-8,79 mmol / l. Its matakin ko a lafiya mutane dangane da jima'i, shekaru, jiki aiki, wani lokacin da lokaci na shekara. High cholesterol sakonni a yiwu atherosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya.

urea

Saboda haka muke kira karshen samfurin na gina jiki rashin lafiya. A wani m mutum ya kamata a gaba daya shafe ta daga jiki a fitsari. Idan ya aikata ba, kuma shi samun a cikin jini, sa'an nan tabbatar da duba aiki na kodan.

haemoglobin

Wannan gina jiki shi ne ja da maikacin jini, wanda saturates da sel oxygen. Na kullum: ga maza - 130-160 g / l, da 'yan mata - 120-150 g / l. Low matakan haemoglobin a cikin jini da aka dauki daya daga cikin Manuniya na tasowa anemia.

Biochemical bincike na jini a kan jini enzymes (Alt, AST, CK, amylase)

Enzymes ne alhakin da cikakken aiki na hanta, zuciya, koda, pancreas. Ba tare da hakkin adadin cikakken musayar amino acid ne kawai ba zai yiwu.

Al'ada hanta abun ciki na enzyme alanine aminotransferase (Alt, Alt) ne 41 u / L ga maza da kuma 31 u / L ga mata. Karuwan ciki yayi magana game da matsalar aiki na samfur na zuciya, hanta, yiwu kwayar hepatitis.

A matakin na aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT, AST - salula enzyme zuciya, koda, hanta) bai zama mafi girma fiye da 41 da kuma 31 U / l ga maza da mata daidai da .. In ba haka ba, yana iya zama nuni da hepatitis ci gaba da cututtukan zuciya.

Lipase (wani enzyme cewa karya saukar fats) taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin metabolism kuma kada wuce 190 u / l. Dagagge matakan nuna take hakkin da pancreas ayyukansu.

Yana da wuya a overestimate muhimmancin da biochemical bincike na jini enzymes. Mene ne Biochemistry, da kuma cewa shi ya duba da ake bukata domin sanin kowane mutumin da ya kula game da su lafiya.

amylase

Wannan enzyme da aka samu a cikin pancreas da kuma yau. Ya ce ke da alhakin rashin lafiya na carbohydrates, kuma su assimilation. Na kullum - 28-100 U / L .. Its high jini matakan iya nuna koda insufficiency, cholecystitis, ciwon sukari, peritonitis.

A sakamakon biochemical jini gwajin an rubuta su a wani musamman tsari, inda da matakan da abubuwa kayyade ciki. Sau da yawa da wannan bincike da aka wajabta a matsayin ƙarin tsaftacewa zuwa presumptive ganewar asali. Lokacin da tafsirin jini sunadarai sakamakon, ka tuna cewa su ma shafi haƙuri da jinsi, shekaru da kuma salon rayuwa. Yanzu ka san cewa da karatunsa da Biochemistry kuma yadda za a fassara ta da sakamakon.

Yadda za a shirya domin bada jini Biochemistry?

Yawanci, jini Biochemistry bada shawarar a kai, idan likitoci zargin gaban:

- m cututtuka na ciki gabobin.

- maye.

- beriberi.

- kumburi tafiyar matakai.

- don rigakafin cututtuka a lokacin daukar ciki.

- fayyace wannan ganewar asali.

Jini samfurin dauka da sassafe, da kuma kafin zuwa na likita ba zai iya zama a can. In ba haka ba, cikin bincike da sakamakon za a gurbata. Biochemical bincike zai nuna yadda mai kyau ne ka metabolism da kuma salts a cikin jiki. Bugu da kari, ka dena shan dadi shayi, kofi, madara, a kalla domin awa daya ko biyu kafin jini daukan samfur.

Tabbata ga amsa tambaya a game da abin da Biochemistry kafin isar da bincike. Ilimi na da tsari da kuma da muhimmancin zai taimake ka ka tantance jihar kiwon lafiya da kuma zama m, a al'amura na kiwon lafiya.

Yadda za a yi wani jini a kan Biochemistry?

A hanya yana ga wani gajeren lokaci da kuma kusan m. A mutumin a cikin zaman matsayi (wani lokacin miƙa wa kwanta a kan kujera), wani likita daukan jini daga jijiyar, pre tourniquet. Allura site da za a bi da tare da antiseptic. Taken samfurin da aka sanya a cikin wani bakararre tube da kuma aika zuwa wani dakin gwaje-gwaje domin bincike.

Iko a kan ingancin biochemical nazarin za'ayi a dama, saukarwa:

- preanalytical (shiri na haƙuri, shan analysis, sufuri da Lab).

- NAZARINKA (aiki da kuma ajiya na nazarin halittu abu, dosing da dauki, analysis sakamakon).

- postanalytical (ciko a cikin hanyar da sakamakon awon kuma na asibiti analysis, aika wani likita).

A ingancin sakamakon dogara da Biochemistry na ya dace da zaba Hanyar bincike, dakin gwaje-gwaje iyawa, daidaici yardsticks, a zahiri kayan aiki, tsarki reagents, dieting.

Biochemistry gashi

Mene ne Biochemistry na gashi? Biozavivka - shi ne mai hanya dogon curling kwa'di. Bambanci tsakanin talakawa perm da biozavivka akida. A karshen harka, ba ta amfani da hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, thioglycolic acid. Da muhimmancin da aiki sashi aikin analogue na cystine (nazarin halittu gina jiki). Shi ne Dalili kenan da sunan Hanyar salo.

A undoubted abũbuwan amfãni sun hada da:

- m mataki a kan gashi tsarin.

- wanke kashe da kuma line tsakanin regrown gashi fallasa biozavivka.

- da hanya za a iya maimaita ba tare da jiran karshe bacewar ta sakamako.

Amma kafin faruwa ga master kamata la'akari da wadannan nansy:

- biozavivki fasahar ne in mun gwada hadaddun, kuma kana bukatar ka scrupulously kusanci selection na master.

- nedolgosrochen sakamako, game da 1-4 watanni (musamman da gashi, wanda aka ba waving, rini, da m tsarin).

- biozavivka ba cheap (talakawan 1500-3500 p.).

Biochemistry hanyoyin

Mene ne Biochemistry, da kuma abin da hanyoyin da ake amfani da shi don gudanar da bincike? Su zabi ya dogara a kan raga da ayyuka kafa ta likita. Su aka tsara don nazarin biochemical tsarin da cell, gudanar da bincike da wani samfurin na yiwu sabawa daga na kullum da kuma kamar wancan taimaka don gane asali cutar, gane da muhimmancin maida, da sauransu. N.

1. Chromatography (Hanyar kunshi a rarraba abubuwa tsakanin biyu bulan: da m kuma tsayayyen).
2. Centrifugation (biomaterial aka sanya a cikin wani musamman yara, su raba jini daga erythrocytes).
3. Electrophoresis (Hanyar damar yin amfani da yanzu raba magani sunadarai).
4. Tabbatar da dalilin da jimlar gina jiki a magani da biuret dauki (furotin hadaddun aka mayar da martani tare da wani fili cewa launuka da gwajin abubuwa da shunayya).
5. Enzyme (urease) hanyoyin domin tabbatar da dalilin da urea (reagent amfani da urease enzyme). A Hanyar kunshi a gaskiyar cewa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar urease tsãgewar ƙwãyar urea, don samar da ammonia, sa'an nan calculates da taro na dakin gwaje-gwaje.
6. Hanawa analysis (ta amfani da enzymes kamar superoxide dismutase (sod) ions kara dauki tsakanin oxygen kwayoyin da wani unpaired electron, wanda damar yi nazarin metabolism na sel da taro na enzymes a cikin jini).

Biochemistry - daya daga cikin mafi tasiri gwaje-gwaje don bayyana, ganewar asali, magani monitoring, tabbatas da wani cin nasara magani regimen.