Tubular ƙasũsuwa: sifa da aiki. Long ƙasũsuwa

Tubular ƙasusuwan mutum - a kashi samuwar elongated cylindrical siffar, akalla triangular. Tsananin ayyana sanyi ba ya wanzu. Matsayin mai mulkin, da tsawon wani kashi akai-akai mamaye m. Duk da haka, da gwargwado haka na iya zama sosai daban-daban. Formation da kuma ci gaban da kashi tubular tare da dalilai da dama, babban abin da yake gaban alli a matsayin wani sinadari da hannu a cikin shiri na kashi nama.

Kan aiwatar da samuwar salula Tsarin isasshe tsawon. Alli karanci sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa kashi curvature. The wuce haddi na wannan muhimmin kashi kuma iya samun mummunan tasiri a kan samuwar kwarangwal a lokacin suna yara. A lokacin da za a hana kashi nakasar a cikin girma kwayoyin, shi wajibi ne don daidaita da sunadarai da hannu a cikin tsari.

A tsawo da kuma gajeren tubular ƙasũsuwa

The mutum kwarangwal ne mai ma'ana tsarin, baiwa da yawan aikin da shirye-shirye. Kowane sashi na jiki daukawa fitar da aiki, da kuma, na] aukacin jituwar na mutum sassan dogara a kan m aiki na dukan kwayoyin. mutum dogon ƙasũsuwa ne mafi muhimmanci na da kwarangwal, su ana zarginsu da musculoskeletal aiki. A wannan yanayin, na ayyuka na jiki mai yiwuwa ne kawai a lokacin da hulda da dukkan mahalarta a cikin tsari. Wasu ayyuka na kashi gidaje an riga an kaddara su motsa a cikin akai yanayin, kamar tafiya ko a guje. Cyclical maimaitawa na wannan mataki ya zama atomatik, hatsaisai ake generated ne ba a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma ba a tsakiya m tsarin da kuma a tsoka nama da hannu a cikin tsari.

Tubular ƙasũsuwa suna da alaka da juna ta hanyar tendons kuma tsokoki. Da sassa masu motsi da kwarangwal a kan manufa samu. Hinjis inji. Irin wannan na'urorin ya kasance a cikin jikin mutum gidajen abinci, kowanne daga wanda aka mai rufi da musamman hyaline guringuntsi, hana gogayya. A batu na lamba tsakanin surface na nunin kan wani amplitude, su motsi faruwa nagarta sosai da kuma a mai tsananin iyaka tsarin mulki. tubular jiki m kashi, wani sabawa daga wani qaddara motsi vector haddasa tashin hankali da kuma zafi. A taron na wani matsananci take hakkin da al'ada motor yanayin hadin gwiwa iya fita daga cikin halitta alkawari da kuma haka wani sāke wuri ya auku.

Long tubular ƙashi na daga cikin mutum kwarangwal ne babban goyon baya da ilimi, quite m ne kuma abin dogara. Duk da haka, da suka kamata a kiyaye shi, ba su dora ɓarna, kuma sau da yawa zuwa sauran. Long ƙasũsuwa ya kasu kashi daban-daban:

• tibia.
• a kananan shin;
• cinya.
• radiation;
• kafada.
• ulna.

Short tubular ƙasũsuwa:

• yatsun kafa.
• metacarpal.
• phalanges.

Mafi sau da yawa short tubular ƙasũsuwa ne a ci gaba da dogon.

Abin da kasusuwa ne tubular makamai, ko ta yaya da hannu a cikin jiki ta motsi? Wannan ne tibia da femur. Short tubular ƙasũsuwa samar da aikin liba motsi a cikin mafi iyaka range.

tsarin

Tubular kashi kunshi wani tsakiyar rabo daga diaphysis, wanda wakiltar wani elongated rami qarasa a duka biyu ƙare epiphyses. A diaphysis ne rawaya kwakwalwa, epiphysis da m spongy irin zane da yadudduka an rufe tare da guringuntsi.

A epiphysis - wani Extended ƙarshen tubular kashi, taso keya, da ciwon wasu siffar, tsara don hada guda biyu tare da m hadin gwiwa. A hade da biyu ko uku sassa samar da cikakken hadin gwiwa, da ke aiki a wani shirin, musamman, na mota jiki. Contact gidajen abinci ne da wani ɓaɓɓake daga counter-type tsari, lokacin da surface na daya da rabi daga wani convex siffar, da kuma sauran - concave.

periosteum

Waje, da dogon ƙasũsuwa an rufe tare da periosteum, da connective nama Layer. Yana da wani rai kwayoyin da ilimi, da manufar wanda yake da m ayyuka.

organics

A tubular kashi abu kunshi kwayoyin da inorganic abubuwa. Gwargwado da abinda ke ciki ya bambanta cikin rayuwar mutum. Yara shekaru - a lokacin da dominance na Organic abubuwa a cikin jiki da cewa ba ƙasũsuwa sassauci. Tare da shekaru, da abun da ke ciki na kayan hankali ta sauya rightful wuri shagaltar da inorganic abubuwa, da samar da ƙarfi. Wannan shi ne zai fi dacewa a alli gishiri.

physiological na'urar

• A m abu kunshi wani jam'i na kashi faranti, kashi rufe a ci gaba da m Layer. M flakes a hade a cikin tsarin raka'a kira osteons. Kafa niƙaƙƙun - a cylindrical samuwar kwayoyin Properties cikin wanda gwada jijiyoyi da kananan jini.
• The abu ne mai m cancellous yadudduka bambanta daga gare su a wani porous tsarin. A lokacin da samuwar trabeculae na cancellous hannu - asali kashi septum. Su ƙarfi dogara a kan abubuwa da yawa.
• Bargo - babban hematopoietic sashin jiki a cikin jikin mutum, wanda aka located a cikin dogon ƙasũsuwa. An kasu iri biyu: yellow da kuma ja. A farko an kafa ta kitse Kwayoyin da adana a cikin diaphysis - babban ɓangare na tubular kashi. Red bargo da aka located a cikin porous ɓangare na pineal gland shine yake da shi ne da wani reticular masana'anta, densely Ribar da kananan jini. Ducts to wadannan sabuwar kafa Kwayoyin shigar da al'ada. Generate sabon jini Kwayoyin saboda zaune a bargo kara Kwayoyin. A tsari ba a daina ko a karo na biyu. Akwai kai ne osteoclasts da osteoblasts, wanda karshe da fitar kasusuwan jikinsu Tsarin, lalata rabu amfani.

girma

Long ƙasũsuwa girma a ci gaba da musamman epiphyseal farantin. Guringuntsi Layer tsakanin epiphyses da diaphysis iya girma vigorously a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da girma sannu a hankali a lokacin samartaka, da kuma balaga sa'an nan. A tsari ne kayyade ta hormonal kuma ba ya hana har sai da physiological ƙarshe.

A mafi yawan aiki ci gaban kashi na faruwa a lokacin da physiological gogayya. A farko zamani yana daga 5 zuwa 7, na biyu - daga 11 zuwa shekaru 15. Bugu da ari, da girma da kashi samuwar ci gaba, amma a jinkirin motsi. A karshe, samuwar kwarangwal lokaci kammala zuwa shekaru 20.

samu karaya

Pathological take hakkin da mutuncin mutum tsarin kwarangwal din za a iya bayyana a matsayin kashi samu karaya a sakamakon wuce kima load.

Babban Sanadin samu karaya:

• inji rauni.
• cututtuka daban-daban haddasa rage daga kashi ƙarfi (osteomyelitis, osteoporosis).

Nau'in na samu karaya:

• metaphyseal.
• epiphyseal.
• diaphyseal.

Ãyõyin karaya:

• zafi ƙaruwa da cika fuska a lokacin da kaya;
• busa faruwa bayan wasu lokaci da laifi;
• m hematoma, bayyana minti 90 bayan raunin.
• gazawar aiki na lalace reshe.

Ãyõyin mai cikakkar hali:

• m matsayi na wata gabar jiki.
• m motsi na raba sassa.
• hankula crackle (crackling) a shafin na rauni;
• kashi breakup a cikin rauni, ya bayyana a bude samu karaya.

dawo da

Farfadowa da waraka daga kashi nama faruwa da samuwar sabuwar Kwayoyin a shafin rauni. Restoration of tubular kashi iya ɗaukar daga makonni da dama zuwa watanni da dama. A waraka tsari na bukatar cikakken sauran.

Farfadowa da hannu cambium Layer na periosteum da kuma rawaya bargo kara Kwayoyin.

A waraka tsari ne zuwa kashi hudu, saukarwa:

1. Autolysis - aiki taro na farin jini Kwayoyin a karaya site da kuma rushe matattu nama, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa.
2. Yaduwa - yaduwa daga kashi Kwayoyin a mayar da martani ga rauni da lokaci daya tsara na cartilaginous nama wanda yake sa'an nan mineralized.
3. Restoration of jini wadata, sakamakon illa rauni, da samuwar wani m abu.
4. Cikakken dawo da medullary canal, da dawowar aikin iyawa.

bincikowa da

Ganewar asali na samu karaya ya kamata a yi a wani asibiti. Ga cikakken hoto na lalacewar da X-ray nazari domin sanin cikakken kuma zumunta ãyõyin karaya.

A bincikowa ne da za'ayi magani, wadda ta ƙunshi na magudi da gypsum rufi kayyade da hula. Idan dole, nema gogayya hakar hanyoyin. Wannan ne bi da wani dogon lokaci na kallo na haƙuri da yanayin da kuma magani.