Ƙarin hanyar Circum-Baikal: tsarin lokaci, farashi, hoto da sake dubawa

Wani wuri na musamman a Rasha an yi la'akari da shi a kan Circum-Baikal Railway (hoto za a gabatar a kasa). Irin wannan sunan na ban mamaki ya samo asali ne akan gaskiyar cewa lokacin da kake duban taswirar, ra'ayi shine cewa hanya tana da ma'ana.

Bayanan game da CBR

An ambaci sunan da aka ambata a cikin hanyar jirgin kasa na hanyar Trans-Baikal daga tashar Baikal zuwa dandalin Mysovaya. Tsawonsa tsawon kilomita 260 ne. Ya kamata a lura cewa a halin yanzu wannan shafin yana cikin ɓangare na Gabashin Siberian Railway. Bugu da kari, a wannan lokacin ana amfani da irin wannan lokacin (CBR) kawai dangane da ƙarshen nisa daga Slyudyanka ΙΙ bar zuwa Baikal. Har zuwa 1949, babbar hanyar hanyar Tra-Siberian Railway ta wuce ta ƙasa ta hanyar jirgin kasa na Circum-Baikal. A hanyar, sashe na sama (har zuwa dandalin Mysovaya) har zuwa yau wani sashi na jagoran Siberian. Wani ɓangare na tudun Olkhinsky (kudancin yankin), ta wucewa daga wurin Slyudyanka zuwa tashar Baikal, an san shi a matsayin abin tunawa na fasahar injiniya. Duk da haka, bayan da aka sanya sakonni na biyu na sadarwa na hanyar jirgin kasa a cikin aiki, babu buƙatar amfani da sashi daga Irkutsk zuwa Slyudyanka. Kuma a shekara ta 1956 an rarraba shi. By ƙarshen 50s da gina da Irkutsk hydroelectric tashar shi ne gaba daya nutsar (a sakamakon da ambaliyar ruwa da tafki). Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka kafa magudi. Don lura, bisa ga al'amuran CBRD bai taba kasancewa ba (yana da ɓangare na tashar Trans-Baikal). Akwai kawai gudanar da aikin gina jirgin kasa. Yau wannan nisa shine wani ɓangaren sakon Siberian Gabas.

Research aiki a cikin ƙasa

An gudanar da bincike na farko daga 1836 zuwa 1840. An gudanar da aikin ne ta hanyar A.I. Stuckenberg. Duk da haka, ayyukan karshe na gano tsarin, bisa ga yadda aka gina hanyar jirgin kasa na Circum-Baikal, an kammala shi a shekara ta 1894. Hanyar farko ta wuce daga Irkutsk zuwa tafkin mafi zurfi a duniya. Da farko, an yanke shawarar yin sadarwar tarho a gefen dama na Angara. A saboda wannan dalili nufin yi a pontoon gada. Amma daga bisani wannan ra'ayi ya ƙi, kamar yadda matakin ruwa a cikin kogin ya kasance mai saurin haɗuwa. Kuma a lokacin lokacin tudun ruwa, yin amfani da wannan sashe bai yiwu ba. Saboda haka, an yanke shawarar cewa hanyar Kurgobaykalskaya za ta kasance tare da bankin hagu, ko da yake an yi la'akari da cewa yana da wuya a ci gaba. Lokaci guda tare da wadannan bincike-binciken da aka gudanar da bincike akan yiwuwar bayar da damar gudanar da w / d saƙonni to connect "rata" a kan Siberian Railway. Kuma gabashin wannan matsala ba. A nan wani ɓangaren hanya ya bi ta gefen tafkin da ke kudu maso yammacin Lake Baikal, wanda aka nuna ta gangarawa. Amma rata don haɗuwa da Irkutsk da Kultuk ya haifar da matsala mai yawa.

Samar da hanyar waƙa

A sakamakon aikin da Farfesa IV Mushketov ya gudanar, an tsara wasu zaɓuɓɓuka guda huɗu don jawo wannan tashar jirgin kasa. Wato:

1. 1. Daga Irkutsk zuwa tsarin sulhu na Kultuk ta hannun bankin hagu na kogin ta hanyar Zirkuzunsky ridge.
2. A kan kwaruruka na kogunan Krutaya Guba da Bolshaya Olha tare da kara fadada hanya a bakin tekun Baikal.
3. Daga ƙauyen Belektui zuwa Kultuk ta hanyar kogin Tunkinsky.
4. Daga dandalin Baikal zuwa ƙarshen gefen tafkin tekun.

Karɓar sakon karshe

A sakamakon binciken da aka yi (wanda aka gudanar da ƙungiyoyin injiniyoyi na hakar ma'adinai), an zaɓi biyu ne kawai daga matakan da aka tsara. Kuma a shekara ta 1899 kwamitin na gina hanyar sadarwa na Siberian ya amince da farko da kuma na uku na jingina "rupture" na babbar hanya. A cikin shekara a karkashin kulawa na B.U. Samrimovich a kan hanyoyin da aka zaba su ne binciken karshe. Wannan ya sa ba zai yiwu ba don ba da shawara ga sadarwa a bakin tekun Baikal. Shakka game da shawarar yin amfani da wannan zabin ya kasance saboda gaskiyar cewa bakin tekun wani yanki ne mai dadi mai zurfi. Duk da haka, bisa ga lissafi, an gano cewa wannan shirin yana da dacewar tattalin arziki. An amince da ƙarshe na hanyar da aka zaba a 1901. Gudanar da aikin ginin ya umurci B.U. Savrimovich, wanda a wannan lokacin shine injiniya na sadarwa. Don ƙarin bayani, an kiyasta kimanin yawan rubles 52 na ruwayen jirgin.

A Circum-Baikal Railway. Tarihi

Lokacin da zayyana Siberian yankin (wanda a sakamakon zama da aka sani da Trans-Siberian Railway) kunshi 7 sassan. Daga cikin su shi ne Korugobaykalskaya jirgin kasa, wanda aka gina shi a gefen gabashin kogin daga Irkutsk zuwa birnin Babushkino (wanda ya kasance da dutsen Mysovaya). A cikin tsawon lokaci daga 1896 zuwa 1900, an gudanar da wata hanya mai nisa daga farawa zuwa tashi zuwa Cape Ustyansky (wanda ke da asali mai suna Little Baranchik). Bugu da ƙari, tun 1900, an kammala aikin gine-gine a kan titin Circum-Baikal a gabashin gabas, kuma a farkon dukkanin dakarun sun umurci gina nesa tsakanin tashar Mysovaya da Tanhoya. A cikin ayyuka na karshe (har zuwa dandalin Slyudyanka), ana amfani da aikin da ake zargi da fursunoni.

Ayyukan karshe

Rarraban ƙungiyar mafi wuya (kafin barikin Baikal) ya fara kawai a cikin bazara na 1902. Kuma ya kamata a lura cewa an saita kwanan wata don ƙarshen lokacin zafi na 1905. A gefen tafkin a wannan lokacin shine kullun dutse mai tsayi har zuwa mita 400. Da farko, ana zaton wannan shafin zai hada da tarin ƙarfe 33. Bugu da kari, saboda mummunan tasiri na ruwa na Baikal, yawancin filin jirgin kasa ya kamata ya kasance a kalla 533 cm. Har ila yau, yayin da aka wuce wannan gini, an dauki lokacin yin amfani da shi. Ya sanya akalla nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i 14 a cikin rana.

A Circum-Baikal Railway. Jadawalin da farashin

A cikin shekarun 80s, sun fara aiki ta hanyar masana'antu. Shi ne ya kamata a lura cewa, ko da bayan da commissioning na Circum-Baikal Railway an riga an yi amfani da matsayin wasanni yankin, albeit a wani sosai iyaka range. Mene ne Circum-Baikal Railway a yau? 2014 yana da wadata a wasu tafiye-tafiye. Ana tafiyar da tafiye-tafiye a mako-mako. A Yuni - ranar Asabar da Lahadi, a Yuli - daga Laraba zuwa Lahadi. A cikin shafin, an kaddamar da "Circum-Baikal Express". An fara tashi daga jirgin kasa da safe. Kudin tafiye-tafiye ya wuce 2000 rubles. Duration na yawon shakatawa ne rana ɗaya.

Shakatawa

Har zuwa yau, akwai wuraren cibiyoyin da yawa, kuma irin irin wannan yawon shakatawa yana bukatar - "daji". Kamfanin "RZD" yana aiki sosai a cikin ci gaba da samun damar yawon shakatawa wanda Circum-Baikal Railway ya samu. Bayani na masu yawon bude ido da suka riga sun ziyarci wurare suna da kyau sosai. Da farko, mutane da yawa sun je wurin don duba abubuwan da suke "aikin injiniya". Bugu da ƙari, a gare su, tare da hanyar hanyar Baikal-Amur Railway akwai abubuwa da yawa wadanda ba su da amfani sosai. Wadannan su ne dutsen, wasu gine-gine da aka tsara a cikin Art Nouveau style (gina a farkon karni na 20), dutse ya kasance da sauransu.