A Amurka Navy. A abun da ke ciki na Amurka Navy. Amurka Navy Base

A farkon 21st karni, Amurka soja hukuma tako har dama manyan-sikelin shirye-shirye, babban manufar wanda ya inganta fama damar, fama damar da tsarin siga na sojan ruwa sojojin. A lokacin, Amurka Navy reorganization da tsare-tsaren ana kusa kammala. A daidai wannan lokaci na rayayye aiwatar da damar da shirin da kuma sake fasalin kudin na fama jiragen ruwa, kafa tushen ta nan gaba 313 jiragen ruwa. Abu mai muhimmanci kumbura, kuma suna goyon bayan da dabarun ka'idodinta soja-manufa Navy tare da sojojin na cikin Coast Guard, Marine Corps da kuma navies na abokantaka da kuma m kasashen USA abokan. Wadannan ka'idojin suna kunshe a cikin sabuwar raya Marine Strategy Amirkawa.

tsarin siga

Navy Amurka yana da wani fairly ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma kusan invariable tsarin domin kusan karni biyu. Yanzu canje-canje shafi yafi wani na ciki tsarin mutum dokokin (tsakiya da kuma m) da kuma babban controls. A Navy hada Navy da dakaru, wanda, bi da bi, suna yi har na ajiye sojojin da kuma na yau da kullum sojojin. A daidai wannan lokaci da dakaru ƙa'ida a daidaita tare da da wani irin sojoji. Akwai kuma wani rabo na Marine Kariya, aka gudanar da Ma'aikatar Tsaro gida. Amma shi ne kawai a lokutan da zaman lafiya. A gaggawa halin da ake ciki, ko yaki, ta zama ƙarƙashin Navy.

A Amurka Navy, da abun da ke ciki na wanda aka kullum updated, da tsakiyar 2008 hada da 332 da mutane dubu. Daga cikin wadannan, 51 dubu - yana da sanda. Yawan Marine Corps ne a matakin 175 dubu mutane, wanda 40,000 ake rajista, a ajiye.

The biyu fleets

Bisa ga administrative kungiyar na duk sojoji sun ba a biyu fleets: Pacific da kuma Atlantic. Sun hada sojojin sojin rundunar jiragen ruwa, kazalika da iska, surface da submarine sojojin. Bugu da kari, da IUD 10 qunshi onshore da 4 mezhflotskih tsakiyar umurnin biyayya.

Atlantic jiragen ruwa

Halitta a shekarar 1906, da Atlantic rundunar motoci sau da yawa canza ta status. A shekarar 1923, an sake tsarafa su a cikin wani sintiri da kuma bincike. A 1941 ya sake zama Atlantic tare da canji na umurni daraja. Idan kafin wannan rundunar motoci jagorancin Rear Admiral, yanzu tashe zuwa ga daraja da cikakken ( "chetyrehzvozdnogo") Admiral. Daga shekarar 1947 zuwa shekarar 1985, ya jagoranci rundunar kwamandan a manyan (GC). Bugu da kari to da ginshikin nauyi, ya jagoranci jirãge mãsu gudãna a cikin Atlantic. A shekarar 1986 ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga post na mataimakin. A marigayi 2002, Chief da take da aka soke da Ministan Tsaro (shafi kawai don zama shugaban Amurka), da kuma za su bauta admirals da generals aka sake kira shugabannin. A 2006 ne, aka ciyar rundunar Forces umurnin matsayi (FFC) to US rundunar Forces umurnin (USFFC). A kwamandan na Atlantic jiragen ruwa suka fara kai da sojan ruwa sojojin na Amurka da kuma samu fadada iko.

Pacific jiragen ruwa

The shugaban na Pacific jiragen ruwa da aka kai tsaye subordinated wa shugaban na Amurka Navy, wanda ya bada shawara a kan dabaru, da horo, da kuma daukar ma'aikata kirkirar na sojan ruwa sojojin general. A daidai wannan lokaci da ya ke a lura da ƙarfi, kuma da Atlantic da kuma Pacific. Bugu da kari, shugaban na Pacific rundunar tuhuma da gudanar da Navy, 'yan united dakarun (USJFCOM) Strategic da kuma Northern umurninSa. A administrative matakin USFFC magana kawai ga Atlantic jiragen ruwa, da kuma biyar onshore da biyu mezhflotskih umurninSa.

sarrafawa fleets

Wannan shi ne mafi girma da gudanar da ƙungiyoyi a Amurka Navy. Bisa hada da dama Tsarin aka kafa Atlantic rundunar 2nd (North Atlantic), 4th (Caribbean) da kuma 6th (Rum) fleets. Kama karfi Pacific rundunar motoci gabatar 3rd, 5th da kuma 7th jiragen ruwa. Iri-irin aiki raka'a, da mahadi da kuma kungiyoyin da cewa wani bangare ne na aiki fleets, sanye take da goyon bayan tasoshin, jirãge da daban-daban raka'a (Marine da kuma jirgin sama al.).

Navy ma'aikatar

Wannan shi ne mafi girma da administrative sashin jiki na Marine Corps iko da kuma sojan ruwa sojojin. A daidai da goma labarin na kundin tsarin mulkin kasar sakataren Navy iko da dukan ma'aikatar kullum ayyukan, ciki har da wadanda alaka da hali na demobilization, janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a da kuma kungiyoyi ayyuka, da samuwar na ma'aikata, kayan aiki, kayan aiki, wadata, da horo, sassa da Amurka Navy tana gina hotuna wanda aka makala ga wannan labarin. Ministan aka duba yiwuwar samar da shirye-shirye (ko yi), gyara da kuma na zamani da tasoshi, da kayan aiki da kuma kayan aikin soji, kazalika da jihar bakin teku Tsarin da abubuwa. Bugu da kari, ya yake samar da dabarun Concepts da kuma shirye-shirye game da kiyayewa da tsaron kasa, karkashin umarni na ministan tsaron kasar da kuma shugaban kasa.

Navy hedkwatar

Navy ne babban Hukumar Mulki na kasar. An karkashin jagorancin shugaban kwamandan (gaske Kwamandan) Navy. Sakataren na Navy ya ɗora masa general umarnin rundunar motoci. Ya ce ke da alhakin yin amfani da albarkatun gwamnati da kuma m mayar da martani na data kasance bakin teku umurnin da Amurka Navy tushe. Ya kuma abubuwa a matsayin mai bada shawara ga ministan da Navy da kuma shugaban kasar a cikin hali na soja da kuma shi ne alhakin da su ga dukan shawara. A ƙarƙashin shugaban Navy ne na farko da Mataimakinsa, da administrative shugaban ma'aikata da kuma hudu wakilai, karkashin jagorancin Cif management (cibiyar sadarwa da kuma sadarwa tsarin; ci gaba da kuma shiryawa da dabarun Concepts, da ilimi, da horo da kuma ilimi da na ma'aikata, wanda za baya a zaba nau'i na Navy United States, hadewa da albarkatun da kuma damar ).

A hedkwatar sarrafawa sassa na rundunar

Hada da sauran aiki sandunansu fleets (4, 5, da 6 ga watan) da kuma da bayyana tsarin siga tabbatar dogon soja kwarewa. Irin wannan hedkwatar gangarawa substituent kwamandan hada da na yau da kullum da iko (m, na sarrafawa, ma'aikata, da kuma aiki shiryawa, dabaru da kuma t. D.) Kuma raka'a (capelin, likitanci, tsaro, da sauransu.).

Battle na Amurka Navy

Saboda da m (daidaita tsarin da kuma fama capabilities) shi ne ko da yaushe daidai da kundinta da kuma ikon yinsa, daga aiki da kuma dabarun a raga kafa cikin karni na ashirin. Bayan ƙarshen "sanyi yaki", kuma wani gagarumin "Warming" sauyin yanayi na duniya soja fama ƙarfi ƙwarai taqaitaccen. Amma wannan shi ne kawai ta wucin gadi gwargwado. Ko da yake a lokacin da idan aka kwatanta da wasu kasashe, sa'an nan Amurka ba haka ba ne bad da kome. Alal misali, da rabo daga cikin Navy Rasha da kuma Amurka ne 1 zuwa 10.

A farkon karni na XXI kasar shugabanni da mambobi na High umurnin da Navy sun nuna wani karuwa a sojan ruwa iko. Sun kubutar da wannan US shigarwa a cikin yaki da kasashen duniya ta'addanci. A gaskiya ma, dalilin wannan yaki ne ba da 'yan ta'adda barazana, da kuma barazanar da kasashen duniya rikicin makamashi. Wannan yaki har yanzu ke zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya, ya canza kama zuwa outright kokari domin duka iko a kan kasuwanni kasa da kasa na raw kayan.

The iska karfi

Wannan ya hada da Multi-manufa jirgin sama dako da Amurka Navy, wanda su ne main core yaƙi kungiyoyin da mahadi, kuma daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci da aka gyara na aiki rundunar sojojin ruwa. A halin yanzu, goma (11) da finjãlai na wannan aji da makaman nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke.

Lokacin da akwai wani m tura jirgin sama yaƙi kungiyoyin, kowane m fara kai a kan jirgin, reshe sanya shi. Kamar yadda daya jirgin ruwa 11 ne kullum a kan habarta overhaul, da management na yau da kullum da Navy iska fuka-fuki kafa goma irin wannan. A kowane daga cikinsu ya zo har zuwa 80 jirage masu saukar ungulu da kuma jirage. Bugu da ƙari, cikin abun da ke ciki na squadrons sanye take da Pacific da kuma Atlantic fleets kuma wani ɓangare na Marine Corps. Duk a cikin zubar da sojan ruwa jirgin sama da jirgin sama ne 4000 raka'a.

Da taki na gina jiragen sama, jiragen sama, da kuma submarines surface jirãge ne saboda samuwar na zama dole dokokin jirgin, isar da kuma m yajin kungiyoyin.

surface sojojin

Wannan ya hada da surface jirãge na Amurka Navy asali azuzuwan: 22 Cruisers ( "Ticonderoga"), 33 amphibious jiragen ruwa, 52 hallaka ( "Orli Danjuma"), 30 frigates ( "Oliver Perry X."), 10 a duniya "Tara". Bugu da kari, akwai 9 helikofta jirãge, docks, dok-12 transports da kuma 14 nawa-shara "ramuwa." Saboda haka, jimlar yawan Amurka Navy jiragen ruwa daidai 104 raka'a. A nan gaba za mu shirya muhimmanci ƙara wannan adadi.

Warshy samar da iri daban-daban na kariya a fagen fama manufa da kuma mi} a cikin tẽku jiragen ruwa. Sun kuma dauki bangare a musamman yadda ake gudanar da wani makami mai linzami da kuma manyan bindigogi hare kan gabar teku da kuma teku hari. Bugu da kari, da sabunta tsarin sojan ruwa tsarin hada amphibious jiragen ruwa. Akwai har yanzu mine-gaggarumar jirgin ruwa, kai-da hannu a nawa ake gudanar. Af, kwanan nan a Rasha kafofin watsa labarai da aka ambata game da biyu sabuwar jiragen ruwa na Amurka Navy a tekun Black Sea. Kotun bayyana a can a kan Hauwa'u na da gasar wasannin Olympics a Sochi domin tabbatar da kare lafiya.

Kwangilar gina na farko 2 hallaka (DDG -1000 da -1001) aka sanya hannu a farkon shekara ta 2007 seven- da shekaru takwas sharuddan. Navy jagoranci ya kuma kasaftawa kudi domin gina biyar kama jiragen ruwa (DDG-1002-1006). By 2018 za su zama da cikakken shirye. A shekarar 2011 da kuma 2013, ya fara yi a ranar 2 Cruisers aikin CG (X). Su canja wuri zuwa jiragen ruwa za su faru a 2019. Wadannan jiragen ruwa suka tsara dangane da DD (X) na aikin da kuma shirya a matsayin canji ga 22-aji Cruisers "Ticonderoga". Duk da haka, don ci gaba da yi na aikin jiragen ruwa Series CG (X) ne sosai matsala. Saboda haka, Navy aka duba yiwuwar daban-daban zabi. Daya daga cikinsu - halittar wani 5-Cruisers URO. Amma yanke shawara ne har yanzu a lokacin.

Muhimmancin Navy fama ayyukan a ga ~ ar teku da aka lokaci ga halittar wani gaba ɗaya sabon aji na jirgi LCS aikin - fama jiragen ruwa na jihar bakin teku sashi. Biyu na farko na jirgin ( "Independence" da "Freedom") an riga an canja shi zuwa Navy a 2008 da kuma 2009. Construction na 2 na da wadannan jiragen ruwa (LCS-3 da -4) dakatar saboda wani haddi karuwa a cikin kudin da ayyukansu karkashin kwangilar sa hannu a baya. Wadannan kwangila aka kare. Hakika, Multi-manufa yi jiragen ruwa a wannan aji suna da muhimmanci sosai ga Navy, amma da gina kudi dakatarda illa ma sha Allahu. A general, da LCS aikin shirya ya gina 55 tasoshin. A karshe yanke shawara za a dauka kawai bayan da wani sosai bincike da tantancewa na fama siffofin riga gina model. Navy zai sannan ka zaɓa mafi kyau aikin. A cikin wani hali, da ranar ƙarshe na wannan shirin zai yi matsawa yawa kara kayyade cikin sharuddan 2020.

submarine karfi

Sun hada da 4 SSGN ( "OH"), 52 SSNs (45 "Los Angeles", 4 "Va" da kuma 3 "Si Vulf") da kuma 14 NPBMS ( "OH").

A sabis rai na nukiliya-powered submarines (SSNs) a cikin Amurka Navy mika har 2040 a layi tare da sauran ci gaban shirin. By lokacin shi ne ya shirya ya dauko wani ballistic harsashi na sabon ƙarni da kuma makami mai linzami submarines.

Kamar yadda na yanzu shirin na rundunar motoci har 2020 sojan ruwa sojojin bukatar SSNs na 48 raka'a. Amma wannan adadi ne ba karshe kuma iya canza a babban, kuma a cikin karami gefen.

A kowace shekara tun daga shekarar 2009, aka dogara ne a kan wani Multi-manufa nukiliya submarine ( "Virginia"). A karshen za a kammala a cikin 2015. Wadannan submarines zai maye gurbin ɓangare na jirgin ruwan, "Los Angeles", kusan kai karshen ta fara aiki rayuwa. Tun shekarar 2011, shi ya shirya da za a kasaftawa daga cikin kasafin kudin domin gina biyu submarines a shekara, da kuma ta 2018 - domin samar da ruwan Amurka jiragen ruwa na 30th PLA na da irin wannan. Yiwuwar samun wannan shirin ne sosai high.

karin jiragen ruwa

A halin yanzu wakilta tasoshin 10 da kuma 32 kewaye da sabis da hannu. Bugu da kari, da iyo tushe submarines kunshe a cikin category na musamman tasoshin da kuma iyo tushe SSBN da dangantaka da makami mai linzami da karfin nukiliya MB. Yanzu da jiragen ruwa kuma kunshi 5 raka'a kai na ammonium (wani sabon irin "Lewis kuma Clark") da kuma kayayyaki. A total number of US Navy (watau jiragen ruwa) da aka kayyade a sama.