A kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo: Larabci inscriptions, photo

Alexander Nevsky ne sosai haske tarihi da mutum aikata isa ga girman Rasha. Bayan hau kan quite a sarauta a wuya sau, ya gudanar ya ba kawai ci gaba da ƙasa wakkala a gare shi, amma kuma ga inganta dangantakar dake Golden taro, kazalika domin yaki da 'Yan Salibiyya a Lake Chud. Duk wadannan hujjoji suna da sani, amma wanin cewa a kusa da canonized da Rasha Orthodox Church na Prince bar mai yawa asiri, da wasanin gwada ilimi, da damuwa cikin zukatan masana tarihi da kuma archaeologists. Mafi yawa daga duk, masana kimiyya damu game da kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo, wanda ya dubi quite sabon abu ga Slavic al'adu. Ko da yake har yanzu batun adana a cikin Kremlin gidan makamai Museum, dauke da ingantaccen abubuwa na soja tufafin na Grand Duke, da masana kimiyya sanya da dama sauran versions na asali. Yau za mu yi kokarin zo asirin cewa mutane da yawa ƙarni rike da kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo.

description Gasa

A kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo, wanda photos za a iya gani a shafukan da makaranta litattafan a tarihi, shekaru da yawa kiyaye a cikin gidan makamai. Shi ne daya daga cikin mafi daraja daga cikin baitulmalin. Kuma kama wannan abu da gaske ne sosai ban sha'awa. Game da shi Dates baya ga goma sha uku karni, amma an san cewa a cikin karni na goma sha bakwai kwalkwali aka hõre wani reworking kuma samu ƙarin kayan ado.

Aleksandra Nevskogo kwalkwali sanya ƙarfe m, kuma yana da semicircular siffar. An rufe da zinariya da azurfa florid ornamentation a kan dukan karkara na kwalkwali ado da duwatsu masu daraja, da lu'u-lu'u. M kotu master shi matabbaci fiye da ɗari biyu yaƙũtu, Diamonds, da kuma kusan xari da goma emeralds. A kan baka na kwalkwali ne varnish dada depicting Arhangela Mihaila, da kuma a kan kewaye kwarzana sarauta rawanin da Orthodox giciye. Amma shi ya aikata ba wani gidan kayan gargajiya yanki da haka musamman, dukan asiri da yake a cikin inscriptions, amfani a kusa da wani nuna tip. Son ganin abin da aka rubuta a kan kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo? Za ka yi mamaki, saboda rubutu da aka sanya a cikin Larabci da kuma ƙunshi wata aya daga Alkur'ani. Me kan kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo rubutun Larabci? Kamar yadda wani Orthodox yarima zai iya sa makamai da kalmomin al'ummai? Bari mu yi kokarin kadan da bayyana wannan asiri.

Abin da aka rubuta a kan kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo?

Saboda haka abin da sirrin Stores wannan tarihi da mutum ke sanya? Kamar yadda muka ambata, mai dogon lokaci, masana kimiyya sun yi karatu da kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo. Larabci inscriptions (photos mu kawo a cikin wannan labarin) iya fassara fairly sauƙi, amma na concurrence da Kur'ani da aka sani a zamanin da. Beautiful juna a kan kwalkwalin a Rasha prince rubuta: "bushãra ga mũminai wa'adin taimakon Allah da kuma wani cin nasara makusanci."

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa, wannan aya shi ne Popular cikin Musulmi. Ya aka dauki daya daga cikin key ayoyi na Kur'ani. Tare da abin da niyyar kashe shi a kan kwalkwali master Rasha prince? Wannan asiri mu da duk da haka ya kwana.

Asirai na Aleksandra Nevskogo

Alexander Nevsky - m hali na zamaninsa. A matsayin ɗan Grand Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodich, ta bayyana wa zuriyar mai hikima da kuma nisa-gani m wanda ya gudanar ya kafa dangantakar da Golden taro, da kuma ko tasiri ta kasashen waje da manufofin.

Abin mamaki, wannan bakon aminci tare da Tartars tsokani ko da Sahaban Prince mai yawa tambayoyi. A lokaci daya aka yayatawa cewa Alexander Nevsky ya dan Batu Khan. Mafi m, wannan labari da aka haife daga gaskiya cewa yarima a cikin rayuwarsa hudu sau ziyarci a cikin taro kuma kira Sartak dan Batu, da ake kira da ɗan'uwansa. An sani cewa taro Prince Alexander so don ƙirƙirar wani karfi na Kirista a jihar, har ma ya sunkuyar da Sartak da tallafi na Orthodoxy. Wannan m tasiri da kuma zumuncin da ke tsakanin jama'ar iya bayyana inda ya fito daga rubutun Larabci a kan kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo, idan ba daya "amma." Yana da wuya su yi tunanin cewa Rasha sarkin ya, a wurin yaƙi a gare Rasha a makamai, tare da inscriptions a Larabci da kuma Orthodox alamomin. Ba shi yiwuwa a waɗannan kwanaki. Bugu da kari, da Rasha Masters iya ba ƙirƙira wannan samfurin, don haka cikakken wasa da duk hadisai na gabashin sunã ƙirƙirãwa. Daga ina, sa'an nan, ya zo da kwalkwali, da wanda yake marubucin?

Jagora ƙirƙira kwalkwali: Wane ne ya?

Masana kimiyya da dogon muhawara game da wanda ƙirƙira da kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo. Larabci inscriptions bayyana quite nuna a fili ta Eastern asalin. Amma dangane da tarihin abada, kuma bãbu abin da ya zama haka m.

A Rasha, blacksmithing aka quite raya, Slavic Masters sau da yawa har ma da sanar da sana'a da wakilan daban-daban al'ummai. Saboda haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa Rasha makamai ya samu karfi sosai, kuma kunã mãsu alfãhari sanya. Amma yanzu ado da rubutun Larabci ba a karɓa. Eh, da kuma yadda shi zai yi yiwu - saboda a cikin goma sha uku karni, rinjãya a kan Rasha Tatar-Mongol karkiya. To, don me ba da rubutu a kan kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo aka sanya a cikin Larabci? Masana kimiyya sun sanya 'yan shawarwari a wannan batun.

A cewar daya daga cikinsu - da kwalkwali ya kyauta ga Khan na Golden taro Rasha yarima, NUNA aminci da kuma girmamawa. A sakamakon kyauta Alexander Nevsky bai bar ba tare da hankali da kuma sanya shi a cikin kowane soja yaƙin neman zaɓe. Shi ne wata ila cewa kwalkwali da aka kafa a Sarai-Batu, babban birnin kasar na Golden taro. Wannan version yana da hakkin ya wanzu, saboda an tabbatar da cewa sojojin taba kashe Khan gwani sana'a. Suna zaune a babban birnin na taro kuma Ya sanya wani real Masterpieces na art. Dan Hanya Masters yi kyau kwarai kayan ado, m makamai da kuma, ba shakka, makamai.

Idan muka tsaya ga wannan version, akwai daya kawai tambaya - dalilin da ya sa kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo, sanya gabashin Masters, yana dauke da Orthodox alamomin? Ga masana kimiyya ya tsanani fasa kansa kafin su sa a gaba wani sabon jarrabawa.

A tarihi darajar da kwalkwali

A kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo, Larabci inscriptions wanda haifar da haka da yawa al'amurran da suka shafi, ya taka wata muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tarihi na Rasha jihar. A cikin karni na goma sha bakwai da aka gabatar Mihailu Fedorovichu Romanovu a matsayin kyauta. A ranar da ado ware kudi daga baitulmali na gidan sarki, da kuma a sakamakon da kotun master Nikita Danilov ya sami wani mataki mai alatu.

Daga wannan lokacin da kwalkwali ya zama tsayarwa na Rasha tsars. Kuma a tsakiyar karni na sha tara aka ma sa a kan gashi na makamai da ke jihar. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa wannan gagarumar so Romanov ga wannan batu da aka bayyana quite kawai - ya nufi da ci gaba na Romanov daular, wanda ya zama m bayan Rurik. Wannan shi ne abin da ke sa da haihuwa kwalkwali ne don haka muhimmanci da kuma muhimmanci, ko da yake ya yi iƙirarin da sabon hukuncinSa. Jeweled kwalkwali kira "hula Erihonskaya Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich."

Erihonskie Hats: darajar sunan

A gidan makamai riko da dama erihonskih iyakoki. Su wakilci kwalkwali sawa da Rasha sarakuna. Wadannan kayayyakin yi ko da yaushe yana mai grand bayyanar, kuma da yawa kayan ado. Masana tarihi yi imani da cewa wadannan abubuwa ba su yi amfani da matsayin da yawa a cikin yaƙi, aiki a matsayin halayen a farati da ko a lokacin kotun ibada.

Abin sha'awa asalin data sunayen "iyakoki." Gaskiyar cewa Rasha tsars hade tare da Yesu da kuma nasara a kan Yariko. Da suka ga kansu a matsayin vicars na sama sojojin a ƙasa, kuma a cikin fadace-fadace sun kasance a shirye don murkushe wani maƙiyi encroached a Rasha. Don tsoro da abokan gaba, ga wahayi zuwa gare su da sojojin da ba da muhimmanci da ya mutum da aka sawa farati kwalkwali, lakabi da "erihonskimi huluna".

An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, da farko sosai erihonskaya hula, shi ne mafi tsufa, kuma a lokaci guda ya fi tsada. Its darajar wuce farashin biyar sauran irin wannan abubuwa tare.

Asirin kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo

Tarihi, kamar yadda muka sani, sau da yawa jefa masana kimiyya fiye da wasanin gwada ilimi fiye da otgadok. Saboda haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa da yawa archaeological Finds ba wadanda wanda ya sa aka asali dauka. Abin baƙin ciki, mai kama da labarin ya faru da kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo.

A cikin tsakiyar karni na ashirin, fasahar ta kai irin wannan matakin da zai iya nuna tare da daidaici da kwanan wata na yi na wani abu. Binciken ya halartar da kuma sanannen kwalkwali cewa an bar su masana tarihi domin su bambancinsa. Bayan da yawa magudi, an gano cewa version na kwalkwali na Aleksandru Nevskomu ne kawai labari. Masana sun ƙaddara cewa abu da aka kera da goma sha bakwai karni, kusan ɗari huɗu da shekaru bayan mutuwar Prince Alexander.

Abin mamaki, shi bai sauƙaƙe aiki daga cikin masana kimiyya domin sanin master, don yin wani kwalkwali, da kuma da makõma. Riddles ci gaba ninka.

Shawara game da asalin na kwalkwali

Ban sha'awa, amma bincike da masana kimiyya ba sa kawo karshen tarihin da kwalkwali. Kwararru da yawa ci gaba da gardama cewa har yanzu ya kasance Aleksandru Nevskomu da kuma masu gyara kawai ya yi kuskure a cikin lissafin.

Su main hujjarsu da cewa an unknown kwalkwali, da ciwon ba tarihi darajar, da Romanovs dã ba su juya a cikin wani relic, su kuma nuna a kan kasa gashi na makamai. Hakika, ƙwãya daga gaskiya a cikin wannan tattaunawa ne har yanzu akwai. Yana da wuya su yi tunanin cewa sabuwar sanya sarki kashe kudi masu yawa a kan wani al'ada kwalkwali ado da Larabci inscriptions, sa'an nan ya fara amfani da shi a matsayin babban festive kayayyakin aiki.

Duk yadda m wannan labarin a cikin idanu na kishin kasa, ya kira ga sa mamaki samu, ba za mu iya rebut tsanani kimiyya da bincike da kuma za a shiryar da a cikin wata kasida a kan su.

Version na zargin erihonskoy huluna Mikhail Fedorovich

Idan muka dauki version na kwalkwali bayyana a cikin yadi na sarki kawai a cikin goma sha bakwai karni, sa'an nan buše asirin ta asalin Shĩ bai zama ba ban sha'awa fiye da koyo game da ubangijinsa. Masana tarihi su ne mafi yawa karkata zuwa imani da cewa gabashin kwalkwali ya kyauta ne daga mai da muhimmanci sosai mutum.

Yana iya kasance diflomasiyya kyauta, ba su yarda da abin da sarki ya iya ba. Amma yadda za a sa a kan wani kwalkwali da rubutu hanya? Wannan batu ne iya tsanani damemu Mikhail Fedorovich. A wannan lokacin da kotu da isasshen ilimi mutane, wanda ya mallakar da dama kasashen waje harsuna. Saboda haka, da zato, cewa, sarki bai sani ba na canja wuri line, shi ne m.

Kwararru da yawa suna karkata zuwa ga version bisa ga abin da Romanov sami hanya mafi kyau daga mai kyawawan m halin da ake ciki - ya umurce su da su yi ado da batun na Orthodox alamomin, wanda ya karkatar da hankali daga rubutu a cikin harshen larabci, kuma ya juya a cikin wani hatsari kyauta al'adunmu na jihar.

Hakika, wannan shi ne kawai wani version, amma shi ne quite plausible kuma ba bayan da abubuwan tarihin da.

M Orient: cakuda al'adu biyu

Bayanin asalin rubutu a kan kwalkwali cewa an adana a cikin gidan makamai ba, a wannan labarin an tabbatar hujjojin kimiyya. Amma a nan shi ne wani asiri na Larabci inscriptions har yanzu wanzu - a Rasha makamai, daban-daban abubuwa har ma da Orthodox Church halaye fiye amfani da rubutun Larabci. Da alama m, amma facts magana don kansu - wani Larabawa da kuma Slavic al'ada suna da alaƙa da.

A gidan makamai kiyaye isasshen kofe na makamai, a kan wanda aka kwarzana da daban-daban phrases a cikin Lãrabci. Kuma duk wadannan makamai ba kama, shi aka yi ko dai ta hanyar Slavic Masters, ko samu a matsayin kyauta. Amma da yawan wadannan abubuwa kawai ban mamaki.

Mutane da yawa masana tarihi sun ma sa a gaba quite wani m bane wanda aka yi amfani da matsayin coci a zamanin d Larabci. Wannan ya nuna headgear na bishop, wanda shi ne mai kyau dutse mai daraja da Larabci rubutu. Similar Finds ta archaeologists yi yawa.

Hakika, babu hukuma kimiyya duniya, ko Orthodox Church ba ya gane wannan hujja, domin zai iya canja gaba daya surar Rasha tarihi.

ƙarshe

Amma abin da game da real kwalkwali Aleksandra Nevskogo? Yana ina? Zai yiwu shi zai mayar da ku, amma ba ta riga ta aka samu. Saboda haka, archeologists da masana tarihi da dukkan damar taba taba wannan kwalkwali da take ta girma dan Yaroslav Fedorovich.