Abin da ya haɗu da Black River, da na Dutsen Mashuk? Abin da taron nasaba da sunan Black River?

Don gane da abin da ya haɗu da Black River, da na Dutsen Mashuk, kana bukatar ka samu matsahi na saba da tarihin rayuwa da biyu mai girma Rasha marubuta na XIX karni - Aleksandra Pushkina da Mikhail Lermontov. Shi ne su ban tausayi yan Shi'ah suna hade da wadannan m daga juna a wasu wurare.

A karshe duel Pushkin

Janairu 8, 1837 a kan Black River, kusa da St. Petersburg, da duel tsakanin Aleksandrom Pushkinym da Georges Dantes. Makiya harbi daga cikin shahararrun mawãƙi, bayan da ya mutu, bayan 'yan kwanaki a gida aza cike da hushi.

Duk da yake al'adar zuwa haifar da wani duel musamman rare. Amma ko da ta hanyar da bukatunsu na Pushkin shi ya m troublemakers. Kafin Dantes ya harbe kansa a kan hudu duels. Domin game da goma sha biyar, da kira ba escalated a cikin zubar da jini sun fi mayar da godiya ga kokarin da abokai, wanda ya yi kokarin shirya ta rikice-rikice da sauransu. Place duel - wannan shi ne abin da ya haɗu da Black River, da na Dutsen Mashuk.

Rigingimu da Dantes

A sabili da jayayya tsakanin d'Anthes da Pushkin ya matar da karshe - Natalia Pushkin (nee Goncharov). A kasar Faransa ya gana da wani mace a 1835 da kuma sauri ya zama wani m rashin fahimta a cikin mawãƙi ta rayuwa. Pushkin sãɓã wa jũna kishi yanayi. Bugu da kari, ya ba su son jama'a haske, wanda shi ne tushen da dama da jita-jita game da rayuwa.

A farko rikici tsakanin maza ya faru a cikin watan Nuwamba 1836, lokacin da Pushkin samu a cikin mail wani m lampoon a Faransa. A wannan m rubutu mara marubucin karfi teased marubuci, ya kira shi mai cuckold, da sauransu. D. Har yanzu, wallafe-wallafen sukar sun kasance tattaunawa game da wanda zai yi rubuce da lampoon. Daidaiton ne ba a sani ba. Amma Pushkin yanke shawarar cewa marubucin ne kawai Dantes. Ya sa Bafaranshen zuwa duel. The jayayya aka zaunar da kowa abokai. Yana kusantar da hankalin har da Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas I, wanda ya da wani masu sauraro tare da mawãƙi ne.

A mutuwa na mawãƙi

Abin da ya haɗu da Black River, da na Dutsen Mashuk, shi ya faru a shekara bayan na farko da kira zuwa duel. Petersburg al'umma ci gaba da wuce gona da iri da jita-jita game da nasabar Goncharova da Dantes. Pushkin karshe rurrushe, kuma a cikin Janairu 1837 aika wani ultimatum da jami'in.

A 'yan kwanaki duk abin da aka shirya domin makawa duel. Shi ya faru a kan Black River, a kan karkata daga St. Petersburg. A fadan da aka musamman bargained domin a hanyar da ya fita ba damar tsira hasara. Kibiyoyi dubu ashirin ƙafãfunsu baya. Pushkin ta biyu ya ga 'yan'uwanmu dalibai a Lycée Tsarkoselskom Konstantin Danzas.

A farko harbi yi Dantes. Ya rauni Pushkin a ciki. A marubuci na farko yanke shawarar cewa asarar da aka ba tsanani da ya yi kokarin yin sama harbi. A muzzle ya bindiga tãyar da dusar ƙanƙara, amma na biyu ya taimake shi ya canza makamai. Harbi rauni Pushkin Dantes tsanani - yana da rai da kuma lafiya. A hali Goncharova miji kasance sosai sharri. Shi munanan raunuka, aka dauka gida. Wannan ne amsar wannan tambaya da wanda taron da ake dangantawa da sunan Black River.

Rauni Pushkin rayu biyu mafi kwanaki. Ya mutu a Janairu 29, 1837. Ya duel aka ruwaito su Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas I. A rauni mawãƙi samu umurnin daga cikin mafi kyau likitoci a babban birnin kasar. Ƙoƙarinsa domin ya ceci rai na marubuci a banza.

Lermontov - magajin Pushkin

Wani abu da abin da taron ne related sunan Black River, ya yi kama da labarin wani wuri - Dutsen Mashuk. Yana da a Caucasian Mineral Ruwa - a wani m hutu tabo. Yuli 15, 1841 a can ya faru a duel tsakanin marubuci Mihailom Lermontovym kuma ritaya jami'in Nikolai Martynov.

Tun mutuwar Pushkin, a kasa da shekaru biyar. All Rasha karatu jama'a ya gigice da abin da ya faru. Shot marubuci ya zama majagaba na Rasha harshen, shi ne, a gaskiya, ya halitta na zamani m wallafe-wallafe. Ya m fahimtar da rawar da Sahaban.

Da dama daga cikinsu sun zo gabãta kai tsaye magaji na Pushkin Lermontov. Shi ne kuma mai talented, rubuta biyu litattafan da shayari, kuma duk da haka shi ne mai kama da labarin da tunani da Caucasus. Wannan shi ne abin da ya haɗu da Black River, da na Dutsen Mashuk.

Jãyayya da Martynov

The matasa 27-shekara Lermontov da Martynov yayi musu saboda wallafe-wallafe. Nicholas ya mai fafitikar marubuci. Lermontov, a san shi da hadaddun hali, ya fito fili ba'a aiki na abokin kokawarsa, la'akari da shi a graphomaniac. Martynov jimre izgili dogon. A daya daga cikin jama'a events a gida Verzlinyh a cikin zãfi na wani jayayya Lermontov jami'in kira zuwa duel.

Abokan adawar gane cewa da juna musayar wuta da aka haramta doka ta. Waɗanda aka har yanzu kama a duel, ya yi tuhumar masu kotu-Martial. Saboda haka, mai zuwa adawa tsakanin biyu matasa asirce shirya. Duk da cikakken bayani da aka sani kawai zuwa da kansu da sakan. Saboda gaskiya cewa daga baya, Martynov da kuma mataimakin mai hukunci, suka ganganci arya game da yawa facts. Wannan rikitarwa bincike zuriyarsa suke sha'awar a tarihin kwanaki na ƙarshe na Lermontov.

Ko ta wani hanya, amma duel aka shirya kusa da Dutsen Mashuk. Abokan adawar sun yanke shawarar duel tare da Pistols. Tuni a cikin shirye-shiryen tada shi ya bayyana a fili cewa wani dole ne ya mutu. Wannan shi ne abin da ya haɗu da Black River da kuma Mashuk.

Duel a kusa da Mashuk Mountain

Yuli 15, 1841, a game da 7:00 am, a kusa da hanya daga Nikolaev mallaka a Pyatigorsk faru sanya duel adawar. Fili, wanda ya kusa, da aka gudanar a kusa da arewacin kafaɗar daga cikin mafi girman dutsen Mashuk. Daga baya shi zai zama wata alama ce da ban tausayi rabo na marubucin "A Hero of Our Lokaci". Wannan shi ne abin da ya haɗu da Black River da kuma dutsen.

Lokacin da bincikensa sami jikin Lermontov, bindigar da aka komai, ko da yake Martynov kasance m. Akwai da dama theories game da abin da ya faru a zahiri a duel. domin sanin gaskiya ne ba zai yiwu saboda rude karatu Martynov. Mafi m, a karshe lokacin Lermontov harbe a cikin iska, da nuna hanya, ya ba ya so ya kashe abokan gaba.

Lermontov mutu 'yan mintoci bayan da aka buga da wani harsashi a qirjinsa Martynov. Isa Jami'an likitoci sami ikon taimake shi. Biyu daga cikin mafi girma Rasha marubuci na XIX karni, aka kashe a wani duel. Sun zama cikin embodiment na zinariya shekaru na Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Black River, da na Dutsen Mashuk kuma a yau janyo hankalin dubban masu yawon bude ido da kuma magoya na biyu ƙulla niyyar marubuta.