Abun ciki da bincike "Wane ne a cikin Rasha ya kamata ya zauna lafiya"

Shekaru biyu bayan gabatar da sababbin canje-canje, Nikolai Nekrasov ya fara aiki a kan wani aikin da ya zama babban aikinsa. Shekaru da dama ya yi aiki a kan rubutu, kuma a sakamakon haka, an kirkiro waƙar wanda marubucin ba kawai ya iya nuna baƙin ciki ga mutanen ba, amma tare da haruffansa sun nemi amsa tambayoyin da suka biyo baya: "Menene farin ciki na mutane?", "Ta yaya za a cimma shi?", "za wani mutum zai kasance farin ciki a tsakiyan da janar baƙin ciki?" analysis "wa Zaune kyau a Rasha" na bukatar gano abin da hotunan da kuma m dabaru taimake Nekrasov amsar wadannan tambayoyi masu wuya.

Manufar

Da fara aiki, marubucin bai san amsar waɗannan tambayoyin ba. Waɗannan su ne lokutan wahala a cikin tarihin mutanen Rasha. Rushewar serpdom ba ta sauƙaƙe rayuwar dan wasan ba. Tsarin shirin na Nekrasov shi ne cewa magoya bayan wanderer suka dawo gida bayan binciken banza. A cikin aikin, labarin ya canza kadan. Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin waka sun rinjayi muhimmancin matakan zamantakewa. Kamar haruffa a cikin ayyukan Nekrasov neman amsa tambaya: "Shin shi mai kyau zuwa rayuwa a Rasha?" Kuma idan a lokaci na farko da na aiki a kan waka da marubucin ba ya sami filaye don wani tabbatacce amsar, to, daga baya a cikin al'umma bayyana wakilan matasa mutãne ne waɗanda bã sami da farin ciki a cikin tafiya "Ga mutane."

Wani misali mai kyau shi ne malami wanda ya ruwaito a wasikar zuwa Nekrasov cewa tana fuskantar matukar farin cikin aikinta a cikin mutane. Mawãƙin ya shirya amfani da hoton wannan yarinyar a ci gaba da labarin. Amma ban sami lokaci ba. Ya mutu ba tare da kammala aiki a kan aikinsa ba. Maimakon "Ga Wanda a Rasha yana da kyau" Nekrasov ya rubuta har zuwa kwanakin ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, amma ba a kare ba.

Hanyar zane

Binciken "Wanda yake Rayuwa a Rasha" ya nuna babban fasali na aikin. Tun da littafin Nekrasov game da mutane, kuma mafi girma a gare shi, a cikinsa ya yi amfani da maganganun mutane cikin dukan bambancinsa. Wannan waka ya zama jigon fata, daya daga cikin dalilan shine ya nuna rayuwa kamar yadda yake. Wani muhimmiyar rawar da ake takawa a cikin tarihin yana da kyan gani.

Labarin jaka

Yawancin kuɗin Nekrasov daga al'adun gargajiya. Binciken "Wanda yake Rayuwa a Rasha" ya yarda masu sukar bayyana labaran, labaru da karin maganganun da marubucin ya yi amfani da ita a cikin rubutu. Tuni a cikin prologue akwai haske labarin sirri motifs. A nan kuma akwai chiffchaff, da samfurin samfurin, da kuma wasu siffofin dabba da yawa na labarin mutanen Rasha. Kuma magoya bayan wanderer suna tunawa da jarrabawar bylinas da maganganu. A cikin maganganu akwai lambobin da ke da ma'anar tsarki: bakwai da uku.

Wannan mãkirci

Ma'aikata sun yi jayayya game da wanda ya kamata ya rayu a Rasha. Nekrasov, ta yin amfani da wannan fasaha, ya bayyana babban taken na waka. Heroes bayar da dama zaɓuɓɓuka don "sa'a". Daga cikin su akwai wakilai guda biyar masu yawa na zamantakewar jama'a da kuma sarki kansa. Don amsa wannan tambaya mai ban mamaki, Wanderers ya tashi a kan tafiya mai tsawo. Amma suna da lokacin yin tambaya game da farin ciki kawai firist da mai mallakar gida. A cikin waƙar, tambayoyi masu yawa suna canzawa zuwa wasu ƙwararru. Manoma sun fi sha'awar farin ciki na masu aiki. Haka ne, kuma ra'ayin zancen labari zai kasance da wuya a aiwatar da shi, idan mutanen da suke cikin al'amuran al'amuran suna kokarin ziyarci sarki da matsalolin falsafarsa.

Hotunan mutane

A cikin waƙoƙin akwai hotuna masu yawa. Ga wasu, marubucin ya kula da hankali, yana magana ne game da wasu kawai ta hanyar wucewa. Mafi mahimmanci shine hoton Yakima Nagoya. Halin bayyanar irin wannan hali yana nuna alamar ɗan adam wanda yake da halayen rayuwar dan kasar a Rasha. Amma duk da aikin wucin gadi, Yakim bai dame kansa ba. Binciken "Wanda yake Rayuwa a Rasha" ya ba da hujjar yadda Nekrasov ya ga ko ya so ya ga wakilan masu aiki. Yakim, duk da irin yanayin da ya tilasta shi ya zama, ba ya zama mai raɗaɗi ba. Ya tattara dukan rayuwarsa ga dan hoto, yana sha'awar kuma rataye su a kan ganuwar. Kuma a yayin da aka kashe wuta, sai ya jefa kansa cikin wuta don ya ajiye hoton da ya fi so. Amma kamannin Yakim ya bambanta daga haruffan masu dogara. Ma'anar rayuwarsa ba'a iyakance ga aiki da sha ba. Babban darajar shi yana da tunani game da kyau.

Hanyoyi masu kyau

A cikin waƙa Nekrasov riga daga shafukan farko yana amfani da alamar alama. Sunan sunayen kauyuka suna magana da kansu. Zaplatovo, Razatovo, da Dyryavino sune alamu na hanyar rayuwar mutanen mazauna. Pravdoiskateli ya saduwa a lokacin da suke tafiya tare da mutane daban-daban, amma tambayar wanda ya kasance a Rasha ya rayu da kyau, kuma ya kasance a bude. Bala'i na talakawa na Rasha sun buɗe a gaban mai karatu. Domin ya ba da ladabi da ruɗanya ga labarin, marubucin ya gabatar da jawabin kai tsaye. Pop, mai mallakar gida, Bricklayer Trofim, Matryona Timofeevna - duk waɗannan haruffa suna magana game da rayuwarsu, kuma daga labarun akwai cikakken zane-zane na rayuwar mutanen Rasha.

Tun da rayuwar dan wani ƙauye yana da alaƙa da yanayi, bayaninsa ya haɗa da juna a cikin waka. Hotuna mai kama da gidan mutum an halicce su daga bayanai da yawa.

Hoton masu gida

Maigidan shi ne ainihin abokin gaba na ƙauye. Tsohon wakilin wannan zamantakewa na zamantakewa, wanda ya sadu da Wanderers, ya ba da cikakken cikakken amsar tambayar su. Da yake bayani game da rayuwar mai arziki a cikin duniyar baya, ya yi ikirarin cewa shi kansa yana kula da mutanen gida a lokuta masu kirki. Kuma kowa ya yi murna, kuma babu wanda ya ji baƙin ciki. Yanzu duk abin ya canza. Filayen suna cikin lalacewa, mutum yana da dukan abin da hannunsa ya yi. Dukan kuskure shine gyarawa na 1861. Amma misali na gaba na "daraja", yana bayyana a kan hanyar masarauta, yana da siffar mai zalunci, mai azabtarwa da mai karba. Ya jagoranci rayuwa mai sauƙi da sauki, ba dole ba ya aiki. Duk abin da ya yi masa shine ya yi masarauta masu dogara. Ko da abolition na serfdom bai shafi rayuwarsa mara kyau.

Grisha Dobroskolov

Tambayar da Nekrasov ya gabatar ya kasance a bude. Mutumin ya rayu da wahala, kuma ya yi mafarki na canji don mafi kyau. Babu wani daga cikin wadanda suka hadu a hanyar mahajjata, ba mutum ne mai farin ciki ba. An kawar da sakonni, amma ba a warware matsalar baƙo ba tukuna. Kwanan nan da aka yi gyaran gyare-gyaren da aka yi wa ma'abota gidaje da masu aiki. Duk da haka, ba tare da sanin shi, maza sun samu abin da kuka kasance neman a siffar Grisha Dobrosklonova.

Dalilin da yasa a Rasha zai iya rayuwa ne kawai kawai mai ban tsoro kuma kudi zai iya bayyana lokacin da hali ya bayyana a cikin waka. Yanayinsa ba sauki ba ne, kamar yadda sauran wakilan na aiki suke. Amma, ba kamar sauran haruffa a aikin Nekrasov ba, Grisha ba a halin biyayya da yanayin ba.

Hoton Gregory Dobrosklonov ya haɓaka yanayi mai juyayi wanda ya fara bayyana a cikin al'umma a cikin rabin rabin karni na XIX. A cikin fina-finai na waƙa, duk da haka ba a kare shi ba, Nekrasov bai bada amsoshin wannan tambaya ba, a cikin bincike wanda yawancin masu neman gaskiya suke ɓoye, amma ya bayyana a fili cewa farin cikin mutane har yanzu yana yiwuwa. Kuma ba dalili na karshe a ciki ba zaiyi ra'ayin Grisha Dobrosklonov.