Addini shugaban Billi Grem: biography, littattafai, iyali, kuma ban sha'awa facts

William (Bill) Franklin Graham, Jr. - American mishan wanda ya samu duniya daraja gode wa grand wa'azin da ake kira "Jihadi" da kuma abota da yawa Amurka shugabannin.

Billi Grem: A Biography

Addini adadi da kuma wani Ikklesiyoyin bishara Kirista-Baptist da aka haife a kan Nuwamba 7, 1918 a Charlotte, North Carolina, a cikin iyali na William Morrow da Graham. Ya kasance na farko na yara hudu, wanda ya girma har a kan su kiwo gona. Farkon shekaru Billi Grema ce kadan cewa wata rana zai wa'azi da Kirista Linjila 215 mutane miliyan fiye da 185 a} asashen duniya. Ya aka saurari fiye da mutane fiye da kowa a tarihi, ba kirgawa miliyoyi, to wanda ya jũya a kan rediyo, telebijin da kuma a littattafai.

Graham ya iyaye su tsananin Calvinists, amma warai ruhaniya hanya shi ne ya aiko da wani ba a sani ba itinerant wa'azi. A shekaru 16, Billy ziyarci wani yawan tarurruka revivalists suka ciyar bishara Mordehay Kalmasa. Duk da cewa Graham aka mai kyau matashi, wa'azi game da zunubi Ham gigice saurayi. Bayan kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare ya koma Tennessee je wani ra'ayin mazan jiya Kirista makaranta, Bob Jones College. Amma a nan ya ji baƙuncin na m rukunan da makaranta, kuma nan da nan canjawa wuri zuwa Florida Littafi Mai Tsarki Cibiyar. A lokacin da ya yi karatu, Graham shiga cikin coci na Southern Baptist Convention, inda ya aka wajabta a 1939.

Bayan kammala karatu daga Littafi Mai Tsarki Cibiyar da} aramin Kalam, Billy koma Illinois, kuma domin kara ruhaniya horo sa suna a Wheaton College. A nan sai ya sadu da nan gaba matarsa, Rut Makkyu Bell. Ta kasance 'yar wani mishan, kuma har zuwa shekara 17 ya zauna da ita iyali a kasar Sin. Samu diplomas binciken burbushin, Graham da kuma Bell an yi aure 13 Agusta 1943. Tare da suke tashe biyar yara.

Aiki tare da matasa Kirista

Graham ya da wani gajeren lokaci fasto na farko Baptist Church a Yammacin Springs, Illinois. Ya sa'an nan ya koma wani Baptist mishan kungiyar "Matasa ga Kristi", wanda bayar da shawarwari game da magani daga soja maza da matasa zuwa ga Allah. A shekarar 1947, Billi Grem ya zama shugaban kasa na arewa maso yamma School, wani rukuni na Kirista makarantu na Minnesota. A 1948 da ya yi murabus daga aikin mishan kungiyar da mayar da hankali a kan makarantu har 1952 a lokacin da ya yanke shawarar zuwa wa'azi.

baiwa wa'azi

Ba da da ewa, da yawa imbued tare da basu baye da kuma zukatanmu yin bisharar Billi Grema. A shekarar 1949, wani gungun da ake kira "Almasihu, domin a Greater Los Angeles yanki," gayyace shi ya yi wa'azi a karo na biyu mafi girma a birnin a cikin {asar Amirka. Bayan Graham halarci wani radio show Stuart Hamblen, da shahararsa ya fara girma. The masu sauraro cika alfarwa wa'azi daga Bishara da kuma sabis da aka mika wani biyar makonni. A nema na jaridar magnate William Hearst jaridu a fadin kasar rufe taron a daki-daki.

wa'azi Superstar

A sakamakon, Billi Grem zama Kirista SuperStar. Sociologists yi imani da cewa nasara da aka kai tsaye alaka da al'adu sauyin yanayi a Amurka bayan yakin duniya na biyu. Graham saɓa wa mugunta kwaminisanci - daya daga cikin manyan fargabar da American sani. A shekarar 1954, a cikin wata hira, sai ya ce "kwaminisanci ko ya mutu, ko Kristanci, domin a gaskiya shi ne mai gwagwarmaya tsakanin Almasihu da kuma Dujal." Da zuwan makaman nukiliya, wanda ya nuna da fragility na rayuwar mutum, mutane suka jũya zuwa ga addini a matsayin hanyar calming da Graham lit hanya.

Saboda haka, ya taimaka, wajen daidaita kasar ta addini Tarurrukan. Biya da hankali ga mafi kyau bayani amfani da Kiristanci da kuma matsakaici koyaswar, Graham yi Baptists m, mai lafiya, dadi ko, da kuma kafofin watsa labarai sun yi ta samuwa ga miliyoyin saƙonni.

televangelist

Domin fadada da kuma kula da sabis da wa'azi da takwarorinsa halitta bishara Ƙungiyar Billi Grema (BGEA). Ya fara watsa shirye-shirye rediyo wa'azin a Kirista show "Songs a cikin dare." Ya kuma jagoranci na mako-mako shirin a tashar ABC «An hour mafita." Da farko, shi ya wuce 150 tashoshin, amma daga baya su yawan karu zuwa 1,200 a ko'ina cikin nahiyar Amirka.

Daga qarshe, wannan shirin ya zama wani TV show, wanda ya tafi a kan na shekaru uku. Nasarar rediyo da talabijin wa'azi tattaunawa game da rawar da ya taka a matsayin Kirista mediavizionera. Billi Grem, wa'azi da aka ji da miliyoyin mutane, a duniya, ta amfani da kafofin watsa labarai a matsayin hanyar yada Bishara.

taro aikin bishara

Tare da nasarar Graham BGEA bude yawa na kasa da kasa da ofisoshin da kuma fara nuna periodicals, records, kaset, fina-finan da kuma littattafai. The Association ya kuma karbi gayyata daga shugabannin addinai a duniya za su gudanar da bishara "Jihadi" a kasashen waje. Don aika wakilansa in ajiye sarari, tsara sa kai Choirs da kuma tara lissafin jawabai. A karshen taron da masu sauraro da aka kira su zuwa ga juya zuwa ga Kristi da kuma saduwa da su ruhaniya shiryar.

New recruits sami horo Littattafan a gida nazarin Littafi Mai Tsarki, da kuma kwatance ga gida fastoci, Baptists. Ƙarshe BGEA fara watsa shirye-shirye da Jihadi a kan gidan talabijin na kasa. A shekara ta 1952, Graham Evangelistic Association Billy Baptist kinomissiyu halitta to baza lura da sirri labaru ta hanyar fina-finai. BGEA ma samu a fadin Amurka da dama tashoshin rediyo don watsa shirye-shirye a rediyo show wa'azi isa a fadi masu sauraro.

Billi Grem: littattafai da mujallu

Da yake jawabi na jarida a shekarar 1955 ya kaddamar BGEA edition na "Kiristanci yau." Wannan mujallar ta ci gaba da zama cikin manyan ikon Ikklesiyoyin bishara Kiristoci-Baptists. wata-wata "rarrabẽwa" mujallar ya fara da za a buga a 1958. Yana buga Littafi Mai Tsarki karatu, articles, coci tarihi da labarinsa na sabon "Jihadi." Wannan mujallar da aka wallafa a Spain, Faransa da kuma Jamus. Books wallafa Billi Grem - "Aminci tare da Allah" (1953), "The Secret of Farin Ciki" (1955, 1985), "My amsar ita ce" (1960), "Mala'iku: Allah Asirin jamiái" (1975), "Ta yaya za a haifa, sake "(1977)," Ruhu mai Tsarki na "(1978)," Storm gargadi "(1992)," Mutuwa da rayuwa bayan "(1994)," The key to sirri zaman lafiya "(2003)," Journey: a rayuwar bangaskiya a cikin wani juyin juya hali duniya "(2006) da sauransu.

Impact da zargi

Graham ta detractors soki shi ga wuce kima liberalism kuma ƙi shiga cikin harkokin siyasa. Tsatstsauran ra'ayi sun barranta da shi bayan da hukunci daga m abubuwa su rukuni na anti-zubar da ciki "Operation Rescue". Ilimin tauhidi da Reyngold Nibur kira shi "simplistic" da kuma Baptist Bob Dzhons yi imanin cewa Graham ya kawo "mafi cũta a cikin hanyar Yesu Kristi fiye da kowane rai a yau." Shugaba Truman ko da ya kira shi da wani "maƙaryaci." A shekarar 1972, wasu anti-Semitic comments wa'azi da kuma Nixon aka taped.

Duk da haka, da jerin wa'azi ya yi wahayi zuwa miliyoyin mutane don su ji na ruhaniya shugabanci, duk da Martin Luther King, Bono, Muhammad Ali, da kuma shugabannin Amurka daga Eisenhower ya Bush. Gallup Organization kira shi da daya daga cikin goma mafi daraja mutane a duniya 51 sau. Ya Sahaban dauke shi wani mutum da wani walwala da annashuwa, bude-shiryayye, m, m kuma receptive.

karrama

Billi Grem aka bayar da 'Yancin na shugaban kasar Ronald Reagan Foundation, na majalisa mindar zinariya, da kyauta asusun Templeton "domin ci gaba a addini", "Big Brother Awards" da kuma lambar yabo "The magana na shekara." Bugu da kari, da taron kasa na Kiristoci da kuma Yahudawa domin su tabbatar da fahimtar juna tsakanin addinai girmama shi da wani girmamawa OBE.

sirrinka

A 1992, da wa'azi sanar ya kamu hydrocephalus. Ɗansa, William Franklin Graham III an zabe su ci mahaifinsa a matsayin shugaban BGEA bayan ya tashi. A shekarar 2005, Billy da matarsa ritaya zuwa gidansa a Montreat, North Carolina. A shekara ta 2007, da Rut, ya mutu daga ciwon huhu da kuma degenerative osteoarthritis. Ta tuna da mijinta, da 'ya'ya biyar da kuma 19 jikoki. A shekara ta 2008, sanannen mai wa'azi na shekaru 90.

A shekarar 2013, Graham ya rarraba daya daga cikin na karshe wa'azin. A wani video da ake kira "My America su dõgara", ya bayyana damuwa game da m kiwon lafiya na al'umma. "Kasarmu ne a dire bukatar ruhaniya tada, - ya ce. - Akwai sau lokacin da na yi kuka, motsi daga gari zuwa gari, kuma na ga yadda nisa mutane sun tafi daga Allah. "

ban sha'awa facts

A tsawon shekaru, da rayuwar Billi Grema, a mafi yawan lokuta shi ya wakilci a wani m haske. Rahoto "Time" ko da ya kira shi "Dad Protestant America." Wani rahoto daga "Yu-Es Hey yau allo", rubuta cewa Graham "An wani Baptist wanda ba kwace miliyoyin (as Dzhim Bekker), bai sadarwa tare da karuwai (as Dzhimmi Svaggart) bai ginawa Mega-majami'u (as Dzhoel Ostin), ba ya sheƙa a gare shugaba (Pat Robertson) da kuma shirya wani Kirista siyasa zaure (Jerry Falwell). "

A watan Nuwamba 2013 Billi Grem, da wuya ya bar gida, ya dauki bangare a cikin bikin da ya 95th birthday a Asheville, North Carolina. A taron ya samu halartar game da 900 mutane.