Alisa Gessenskaya, Grand Duchess: biography, labarin rayuwar da soyayya

Wane ne Alisa Gessenskaya? Menene wannan mace shahara a tarihi? Yadda yana ta rayuwa? Duk wadannan tambayoyi za ka sami amsoshi a cikin wannan labarin.

asalin

Alisa Gessenskaya samu a haihuwa sunan Victoria Helena Louise Beatrice Alice na Hesse-Darmstadt. Haife Yuni 6, 1872 a Jamus. A nan gaba Empress na Rasha samu ta saka suna daga cikin hudu na wakilan da sarauta iyali na wanda aka samu sunayen: mahaifiyarka, ma, Alice, da kuma hudu da 'yan'uwanku mãtã na Mother. Mahaifinta ya mashawarta Duke Ludwig IV, mahaifiyar - Duchess Alice. A yarinya na huɗu, ƙarami ya daga cikin shahararrun iyali.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Princess Alisa Gessenskaya gaji hemophilia gene. Cutar da ake daukar kwayar cutar daga uwa zuwa jariri a cikin iyali ba ƙarni na farko. Abin mamaki, shi da aka nuna a cikin karfi musamman maza, mata sun kawai 'yan qasar jawabai. A wannan cuta, rage jini clotting, wanda zai iya kai wa ga m zub da jini, a cikinsa biyu ciki da waje. A kiwon lafiya 'yan mata cutar da wani sakamako.

Native Hesse a 1878 ya halartar diphtheria cutar. Na shãfe ta da Alice ta iyali. Mutuwa mahaifiyarta da kuma 'yar'uwar Mei. Bayan haka, widowed Louis IV yanke shawarar da ya aika Alice ga tarbiyyar zuwa kakarsa, da sanin cewa ba zai iya maye gurbin mahaifiyarsa. Mafi yawan lokaci da gado don kursiyin ciyarwa a Birtaniya, da tsibiri na Wight. Saboda haka, ta yarantaka da aka kashe a cikin castle Balmoral, inda ta kaka ko da yaushe spoiled - Sarauniya Victoria na Ingila. Masana tarihi sun lura da wani na musamman taushi da kuma son Victoria mata jikanyar, wanda ta kira "Sunshine".

A nan gaba Duchess Alisa Gessenskaya sãɓã wa jũna tufafin da himma a da karatu. A babban tasiri a kan ta yarantaka ya duka addini daular.

Ziyararsa ta farko zuwa Rasha

A cikin shekaru 12 da shekaru, Grand Duchess na Hesse da kuma Rhine Alice ziyarci Rasha a karon farko. A 1884, ta mazan da 'yar'uwa Ella zama matar Rasha Sergei Duke Alexandrovich. Sai a bikin aure bikin matasa lady gan Nicholas II - yarima, dan Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa ya nan da nan na son Alice. Sa'an nan Nikolai ya riga 16 da kuma ta dube shi, mãsu tsõro ne, tunanin nan gaba Sarkin sarakuna mafi balagagge da kuma ilimi da mutum. 12-shekara Duchess na fadin shiga sake yi magana da Nicholas kuma bar Rasha tare da wani sauki soyayya a cikin zuciya.

horo

A muhimmiyar rawa a cikin koyar da yaro yi wasa Alice addini. Ta girmama duk alfarma hadisai, kuma ya quite ibada. Zai yiwu shi ya ta tufafin shuka baya bugi Nicholas II. Ta nuna kyau himma da kuma ga al'adu, yana sha'awar siyasa, harkokin jama'a da kuma dangantakar kasa da kasa. Ta so ga addini kẽwayesu a kan Sufi. Ta kasance m na nazarin tauhidin da theosophy, wanda ƙwarai nasara da daga baya samu digiri na uku a falsafa a jami'ar Cambridge.

Relationship tare da nan gaba miji Nicholas II da kuma Wedding

A 1889, Grand Duchess Alice na Hesse shan laya Petersburg. Ga aka gayyace ta 'yar'uwarsa Ella da kuma mijinta. Bayan wani tsawon lokaci tarayya, tare da Nicholas II a lokacin 6 makonni a cikin m fadar Apartments Sergius ta ga gaci da zuciya na ɗan fari na da sarki na Rasha. A cikin bayanin kula, a farkon 1916, Nicholas II zai gaya maka cewa zuciyarsa kai fitar da tawali'u da kuma dadi yarinya da farko soyayya, kuma tuni a karo na biyu taro, ya san cewa zai kai ta a matsayin matarsa kawai.

Amma ya zabi ya ba da farko amince mashawarta iyaye. Ya annabta wani bikin aure tare da Helen Luizoy Genriettoy, gado Paris jadawali. Wannan aure ya sosai da amfani ga sarki. Bugu da kari, da uwar shi da 'yan qasar na Nicholas Dane da bai so da Jamus. The sosai guda Alice, koma zuwa fadar kaka, sai ta fara rayayye bincika tarihin Rasha harshen, communicated tare da Orthodox bishop. Koroleva Viktoriya, wanda azzaluman jikanyar, nan da nan amince ta zabi kuma a kowace hanya don taimaka mata ta koyi wani sabon al'adu. Mazan da 'yar'uwa Ella, ya ɗauki lokaci da sunan Orthodoxy Elizabeth Feodorovna, kamar mijinta, ya taimaka rubutu masoya. Hakika, domin irin Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, mijin ta 'yar'uwarsa Alice, alaka da sarauta iyali kawo amfani mai yawa.

Wani mummunan al'amari ga Romanov iyali ya sanannun rashin lafiya Duke na Hesse daular. Tsoron gaba cuta magada tambaye hikimar da zabi.

Nicholas II ya m, kuma m, ba ya yarda da entreaties mahaifiyarsa Maria Feodorovna. Ya taimaka a soyayya tare da kyawawan ban tausayi taron. Alexander III a 1893, tsanani da rashin lafiya, kuma akwai wata tambaya game da nan da nan alkawari na farko magaji a kan karaga. Ka tambayi ga hannun Alisy Nikolay tafi sosai, Afrilu 2, 1894 da kuma 6 ga watan Afrilu, an sanar da alkawari. Bayan rasuwar Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III Alisa Gessenskaya dauki Orthodox bangaskiya, da kuma samu da sunan Alexandra Feodorovna. Af, mijinta a wani wuri shekaru yarinya mai suna kawai a matsayin Alix - mai suna ta hada 2 - Alice da Alexander. A bikin aure ya rike maza maza, in ba haka ba da aure zai zama doka, kuma Alice iya ba la'akari da matarsa wani sabon sarki, sai a kasa da mako guda bayan jana'izar mahaifinsa, Nicholas II aure da ya ƙaunataccen matarsa. Masana tarihi lura cewa har ma da gudun amarci ya faru a lokacin zaman makoki da baƙin ciki kamar yadda idan annabci wuri na Romanov daular.

Jihar aikinsu da kuma siyasa aiki

Alice Gessenskaya Aleksandra Fedorovna yi sauri sosai samun amfani da wani sabon kasa, yin amfani da wani sabon al'adu. Masu binciken sun ce, tsammãninku, shi ne wani ba zato canji a cikin halin da ake ciki don haka karfi da tasiri da hali na Alexandra Feodorovna. Suna fadin da kuma ajiye, ta abruptly ya zama m, hypochondria da mulki ba mutum. A Empress shi ne shugaban da dama soja regiments, ciki har da waje da daular.

Tana kuma tsunduma cikin sadaka aiki. A karkashin ta shugabanci, kungiyar ta wadãta, kamar mafaka, asibitoci, kula a cikin gida da kuma kungiyoyin al'umma. Ta koya likita yanayin da kaina taimaka a cikin aiki.

kafa Alexandra

A farko m aukuwa shafe zamba a cikin rãyuwar Alice na Hesse, matar Nicholas II, da shi ne saboda cewa ta iya ba ta haifi ɗa ƙaunataccen mijinta. Tun da ta an tashe shi daga haihuwa kamar yadda nan gaba matar Gwamnan, kama wani 'yar wanda aka haife matsayin la'ana saboda zunuban da kuma canza addini. Its Sufi da ya sa bayyanar da fadar Philip. Yana da aka maƙaryaci asali daga Faransa, suka gudanar don shawo Empress cewa yana da ikon magically taimaka ba mijinta wani mataimaki. Philip har ya shawo Alexandra cewa ta na da ciki, da kuma a cikin 'yan watanni zauna a gidan sarauta. Ta hanyar da sarauniya ya aka sosai ya shafa da kuma sarki da kansa. Ku fitar da shi ne kawai bayan da hukunci da likitoci game da "ƙarya ciki".

Abokai a cikin rãyuwar Alexandra Feodorovna shi kotu na girmamawa. Daga cikin su ya jaddada Princess Baryatinsky, Baroness kuma Countess Buxhowden Gendrikov, wanda aka kira ƙauna Nastenka. Kusa da abota empress dogon lokaci ya kai ga cũce Vyrubovoy. Shi yana tare da wannan baiwar Alisa Gessenskaya - matar Nicholas II, ya gana da Grigoriem Rasputinym, daga baya karfi da tasiri da rabo daga cikin daular.

Daga cikin batutuwa na Jamus Duchess gagara cimma soyayya da kuma ibada. Alexandra bi disparagingly na wasu, da wuya daga shi ka iya ji da yabo, ko wani irin kalmar.

The dogon-jiran gado kursiyin

Bayan haihuwar 'ya'ya hudu mata - Olga, Tatiana, Maria da Anastasia - da na sarki biyu ne matsananciyar don samun wani magaji zuwa kursiyin. Amma wata mu'ujiza ya faru, da kuma a 1904 ya zo da dogon-jiran ɗa, mai suna Alexei. Abin farin babu iyaka, sai dai cewa hemophilia gene ne har yanzu a nuna a cikin yaron ta kiwon lafiya. Gabatar a wani lokaci a kotu na Rasputin taimake shi jimre da cuta, kamar yadda al'ada magani ba su ba da sakamako mai kyau. Wannan al'amari ya yi Gregory ne kusa da gidan sarauta.

A karshe shekaru ransa

Ya karshe shekaru kasance mai ban tausayi da wuya ga Alexandra. Ta kasance mai ban mamaki da uwa tasa, da 'yarta da ta taimaka wajen gudanar da wani aiki a asibiti, kuma sun ciyar da yawa lokaci tare da raunata sojoji,' yan yakin duniya na farko.

Bayan da Fabrairu juyin juya halin, da oda da sabon gwamnatin na Romanovs iyali da aka sanya a karkashin gidan kama da daga baya ya aika wa dukan daga St. Petersburg don Tobolsk. A watan Afrilu na shekarar 1918 da Bolsheviks koma cikin fursunoni zuwa Ekaterinburg, wanda ya zama na karshe tsari na sarauta iyali. Nicholas II har kwanan kare iyalansu, amma a daren Yuli 17, 1918 duk mambobi ne na Romanov iyali tafi cikin ginshiki da kuma harbi. Shaidu na events gaya cewa, saukar zuwa wasu mutuwa, Alexandra tafiya tare da kansa gudanar high. Wannan bazara dare kammala zamanin da Romanov daular.