Alzheimer ta cutar: haddasawa da kuma magani, da jigon, da farko bayyanar cututtuka, cin, photo na Alzheimer ta cutar

Alzheimer ta cutar - wata cuta wadda take kaiwa ga mutuwar kwakwalwa Kwayoyin. Tare da tsanani shafi tunanin mutum da kuma aikin cuta. Daya daga cikin tsakiya m tsarin cututtuka, da sunadaran da wanda har yanzu ba cikakken gane.

hanyoyin da ganewar asali

Babban kayan aiki domin gudanar da bincike kan ci gaban da gigin-tsufa ne neuroimaging. A saboda wannan dalili, CT, MRI, so kwakwalwa. Likita na nazarin mataki na lalata mutum da hannun jari, kazalika da bincika da yiwu haddasawa da kuma concomitant cuta.

Amfani EEG hanya yale mu mu tsayar da kwakwalwa aiki da kuma digiri na hanawa na na tsarin jijiya sadarwa. Laboratory da ƙididdiga gaskatãwa Alzheimer ta cuta, nuna wani ban mamaki karu a α-β-42 da kuma lokaci daya karuwa da tau gina jiki.

Sanadin Alzheimer ta cuta

Jigon Alzheimer ta cutar ya ba tukuna bayyana ga masana kimiyya ta hanyar. A yau, akwai 'yan theories game da Sanadin fitowan da kuma ci gaban da cutar, amma babu wani daga cikinsu yana da yet ya sami amincewar kasashen duniya. A manyan wuri tsakanin samarwa da bincike daukan wani kayyade factor.

Daga cikin abubuwan, rarrabe 3 kungiyoyin na cuta hadarin:

• nekorrigiruemye.
• partially correctable.
• correctable.

Alzheimer ta cuta, sa da kuma lura da wannan cuta - duk wadannan tambayoyi a nekorrigiruemyh dalilai ne quite hadaddun da kuma warware matsalar domin lokacin.

A kayyade factor a ci gaba

Hereditary Pathology ne har zuwa 10% na dukkan lokuta ya ruwaito. A ci gaba da Alzheimer ta cutar a kan wani kayyade inji farawa kafin shekaru 65 da haihuwa. Gene daukar kwayar cutar a cikin wani autosomal rinjaye fashion: ko da idan na biyu iyaye ba m, daukar kwayar cutar zuwa gare su da lafiya gene maye gurbin pathological. yaro watsa yiwuwar yakan auku a rabin daga cikin lokuta.

Duk da tabbatar da kwayoyin factor, masana kimiyya suna hakikance cewa, ci gaban da cutar taimakawa wajen daban-daban na chromosomes. Mafi kwanan nan, a cikin shakka daga bincike gene lahani da aka gano ta 14th chromosome, wanda a 70% na lokuta take kaiwa zuwa ga cigaban da cutar.

Take hakki na chromosome 21 da suka haddasa Down ciwo, in 5% na lokuta kai ga farkon farko na Alzheimer ta cutar. A mafi rare Pathology - gene aibi a kan chromosome 1 - yana da wani low Yiwuwar "iyali" da cutar.

babban hadarin dalilai

Nekorrigiruemye haddasawa ne nakasar ko samu ilimin Halittar Jiki ko physiological munanan, wanda riga ba za a iya gyara ko canja. Wadannan dalilai sun hada da:

• tsufa (shekaru sama da 80).
• kasancewa mace;
• girman kwanyar rauni.
• mai tsanani ciki da kuma danniya.
• da rashin "horo" ga hankali.

Sunny modifiable dalilai dokoki wani rukuni na cututtuka da cewa sa m ko na kullum oxygen rashi a cerebral bawo Kwayoyin:

• hauhawar jini.
• atherosclerosis daga tasoshin wuyansa, kai, da kwakwalwa.
• lipid metabolism.
• ciwon sukari.
• cututtukan zuciya.

Kawar da cutar rage hadarin na Alzheimer ta cutar.
Domin correctable - an shafe - dalilai iya sun hada da:

• rage jiki aiki.
• rashin ilimi ci gaba, iyakance;
• Gaza bada hašin kai ga ka'idodi na lafiya rayuwa.

Pathologies ba 100% lamuni ga ci gaba da cutar, amma sau da yawa riga shi, abu don cikar game da yiwu hadarin dalilai da kuma rigakafin.

raya ci gaban mataki

Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa Alzheimer ta cutar (primary cututtuka) ta bayyana a 15-20 shekaru, mai tsanani na asibiti hoto, wanda ƙwarai dagula rigakafin cutar. Yau, an ba 3 pathological aiwatar da matakai:

1. Pre-asibiti - Pathology a jariri, CNS cuta ana kiyaye.
2. Period qananan keta - marasa lafiya na iya lura da wani weakening na iyawa ta hankali da kuma memory hanawa.
3. A farko mataki na gigin-tsufa - ciki da'irar fara lura da wani abu ba daidai ba ne. Mafi sau da yawa, za ka iya tabbatar da kasancewar cutar asibiti.

Kowace daga cikin hãlãye yana da halaye da kuma kusanta ne a wurin arziki na kiwon lafiya.

A ci gaba da cutar a wani matasa shekaru

Farkon Alzheimer ta cutar tasowa kafin shekaru 65 da shekaru, yana da wuya a gane asali a cikin lokaci saboda da nonspecific asibiti hoto. A farko bayyanar cututtuka bayyana a cikin nau'i na mantuwa, rashin iyawa shirya da yin abubuwan da abin da suka sauki kafin. A haƙuri da sauri samun gaji da shafi tunanin mutum aiki: a ci gaba da bayani a ƙwaƙwalwar an ƙara zama da wuya.

Alzheimer ta cutar: haddasawa da kuma magani a wani wuri mataki

A farko tasowa a cikin shekaru 7. Harufan canje-canje a cikin haƙuri da yanayin ya faru a ƙarƙashin rinjayar daban-daban dalilai. A cikin hali na wani kafa dalili na dukan sojojin aika zuwa ta kawar. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, na gida da magani bada sakamako mai kyau.

Alzheimer ta marasa lafiya na iya kai ƙarar:

• memory matsaloli.
• bayyanar mantuwa.
• asarar ikon tunani.
• Psycho-wani tunanin cuta.

Zai yiwu Alzheimer ta riga zama na fili dangi. Harufan bayyanar cututtuka ba ko da yaushe kai tsaye nuna kwakwalwa tabarbarewa, amma da yawa har yanzu nemi taimakon likita da kuma lokacin da za a koya game da ganewar asali.

memory cuta da gajere da dogon lokaci da yanayi, da haƙuri shi ne ba ko da yaushe iya lura deterioration. A mafi pernicious mantuwa: sau da yawa mutane tare da Alzheimer ta hagu a kan gas ko wutar lantarki, wadda take kaiwa zuwa da batutuwa na matsananci hali. Zai yiwu asarar magana da wadanda ba maras tabbas memory a cikin nau'i na mantuwa da events faru a baya. M sabuntawa tunanin ya auku a ƙungiyoyi. memory cuta ci gaba da sauri: bayan kawai 6 watanni, da cututtuka zama mafi pronounced da kuma kawo hadari ga haƙuri da rai.

Asarar da ikon tunani a dogara a kan matakin da hankali ga ci gaban da cutar. Wani lokaci a halayyar alama ne mai kaifi canji na amfanoni: kallon TV maimakon karanta wuya adabi da sauran lokatai. Disrupted tsari bayanai da kuma ji na na yanayi aiki yanayi, inda da haƙuri da aka rasa a cikin sararin samaniya da kuma lokaci.

Shafi tunanin mutum da cuta kamar Alzheimer ta tuki da karfi

Tsanani m da wani tunanin matsalolin zai iya sa Alzheimer ta cutar. A Sanadin irin cututtuka da kuma magani ƙarya a kwakwalwa lalacewar da zagi a aiwatar da jijiyar. Ƙarancin acetylcholine kira take kaiwa ga samuwar na amyloid plaques. Dogon lokacin da ciki adversely shafi aiki na juyayi tsarin, da kuma a kan bango na rauni aiki na tasowa gigin-tsufa.

Take hakki na da wani tunanin jihar triggers Alzheimer ta cutar. A farko bayyanar cututtuka na wani shafi tunanin mutum da cuta da aka bayyana a wani karfi ƙararrawa, aikata matsananci kuma ba dole ba ayyuka, gunaguni da m kuma fitful barci. A sau, suna da kai hare-hare na m psychosis, halin da tsoro tsoron zalunci, melancholy. Tsokana a jihar canji na kowane iri: daga rearrangement na furniture kafin ya koma zuwa wani gida. Ci gaban da cutar tare da wani canji na janar juyayi ga rashin tunani. Human magani da tsanani shafi tunanin mutum da cuta ya shafi musamman da amfani da antidepressants da psychotropic kwayoyi.

Alzheimer ta cuta: Haddasawa, magani na da 2nd mataki

Rauni memory, halayyar kawai ga wannan cuta zama na fili da kuma mafi tsanani a cikin mataki na biyu na ci gaba Pathology. A haƙuri ba zai iya tuna wasu abubuwan da suka faru, ko a lokacin da associative da sauran taimako ga dangi. Da farko, marasa lafiya manta da aukuwar lamarin kwanan nan, yayin da m da ya zauna a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar.

Take hakki na gajere haddar kai ga ba daidai ba fuskantarwa a lokacin. Gigin-tsufa ba su iya daidai saita lokaci tazara na daya ko wani taron. Karkashin matsakaici cuta ci gaban da aka lura ciko ƙarancin memory Memories wanda zai iya samun zato ciki.

Ci gaban take kaiwa zuwa total asarar ilimi na kaya, musamman samar a adulthood da ciwon wani hadadden tsarin. Riƙe kawai ne ga waɗanda basira da aka alurar riga kafi a farkon lokacin kuruciya da kuma ne kullum maimaita a cikin tafarkin rayuwa. Alal misali, ilimi na harshe, sadarwa hanyoyi da mutane da kuma kai-da sabis.

A rarrabe gigin-tsufa a cikin 2nd mataki - adana wani tunanin ƙwaƙwalwar da rashi na ainihin. Sau da yawa marasa lafiya tuna ba ko suna da 'ya'ya ko jikoki, amma lamba tare da su yana sa tashin hankali, da farin ciki.

asarar m

The rinjaye factor a cikin 2 nd mataki - keta iyawarsa ta tunani, abin da kyakkyawan take kaiwa zuwa rashin 'yanci. Developing gigin-tsufa za a iya raba m, matsakaici da kuma tsanani.

Bayyanuwar m gigin-tsufa da aka bayyana a cikin asarar da ikon sarrafa kudi: ba shi yiwuwa a cika a cikin lissafi, da yin lissafi da adadin biya. A hankali rasa da samu ƙamus, shi ya zama wanda bai isa ba. Yawanci, marasa lafiya a wannan mataki kokarin kauce wa sadu. Gaji da damuwa da lafiya motor basira da hannuwa, sakamakon tare da la'akari wasika. Akwai babban nahawu kurakurai, wanda bai wanzu kafin.

M gigin-tsufa halin da asarar karatu da rubutu basira, sau da yawa haƙuri da jawabin zama unintelligible saboda mantuwa da kalmomi tare da m maye da mai kama-kara. Man zama mafi m: kasa da kansa dress ga weather, nemi hanya gida, ya manta don kashe kuka ko ruwa. A cikin 2 nd mataki na Alzheimer ta cutar da matsakaici gigin-tsufa haƙuri ya bukata m taimako da kuma gaban dangi.

m gigin-tsufa

A karshe mataki na Alzheimer ta cutar halin da cikakken dogaro a kan wasu. A haƙuri ba zai iya yin nasu abinci, zuwa bayan gida, don gudanar da wani hygienic hanyoyin. Jawabin zama incoherent da kuma m, gaji da damuwa da Gait, yin shi da wuya a 'motsa.

A hankali karya saukar da hadiya reflex. Mutuwa ya auku saboda tsawo ci daga sepsis ko tsanani cututtuka.

Gigin-tsufa a Parkinson ta cuta

Parkinson ya cutar da kuma Alzheimer ta ga talakawan mutum yana da irin wannan asibiti hoto, wani cikakken ganewar asali iya kawai gwani. A sakamakon gigin-tsufa yana rarrabe fasali. Alzheimer ta cutar halin mai tsanani take hakkin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da kuma leken asiri. Parkinsonism kawai inda hakan na magana da kuma tunani ne kiyaye. A na kowa alama na neurodegenerative cututtuka ne da tabarbarewar shafi tunanin mutum da kuma wani tunanin jihohi. Marasa lafiya na dogon lokaci a Jihar ciki da kuma m psychosis.

A hoto ya nuna cewa Alzheimer ta cutar (hoton sama) da kuma Parkinson (photo kasa) shafi kwakwalwa a daban-daban digiri. A farko cuta tasowa a cikin boko lobe da hippocampus faruwa amyloid plaques kai ga mutuwa na jijiya sadarwa (kwakwalwa zai fara zuwa "bushe fita").

Parkinson ya cutar disproportionately rinjayar da musculoskeletal tsarin: kashin baya ne tankwasa more, da mãsu haƙuri ne samun ƙananan kuma m. Damu game da ci gaba da tremor, ƙungiyoyi zama diskoordinirovannymi.

Jiyya na farkon mataki

Mun sake nazari a general sharuddan, cewa shi ne Alzheimer ta cutar. Haddasawa da kuma lura da cutar da ake a halin yanzu ba cikakken gane da kimiyya. Likitoci suna kullum da yin bincike a sami wani tasiri magani, amma da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne ba tukuna sa na musamman up, iya kayar da cutar.

Magani ga wani hadadden kunshi:

• lura da shafi tunanin mutum da cuta.
• janar karfafa na jiki;
• kafa metabolism a cikin kwakwalwa.
• ƙarfafa jini.
• general magani daga Alzheimer ta.

Muhimmanci lokaci don fara shan magani da kuma tabbatar da cikakken yarda da duk likita shawarwari. Watch da ci gaban da cutar wajibi ne a cikin kuzarin kawo cikas.

Domin lura da m zuwa matsakaici gigin-tsufa amfani da irin wannan shirye-shirye:

• "Piribedil" - inganta watsa daga jijiyar a dopaminergic neurotransmission da noradrenalinergicheskih CNS. Inganta ƙwaƙwalwar da iyawarsa ta tunani.
• "Pentoxifylline," "Vinpocetine" - inganta jini wurare dabam dabam, hana samuwar thrombi a cerebral tasoshin.
• Ginkgo biloba tsantsa - stimulates samar da neurotransmitters, kare kwakwalwa Kwayoyin daga gubobi, inganta jini wurare dabam dabam.
• "Cinnarizine," "Nimodipine" - fadada kwakwalwa jini, kare Kwayoyin daga cutarwa effects wuce haddi alli.
• Pyrrolidone Irinta - inganta oxygen samar da kwakwalwa na taimaka wa daidaita gina jiki kira a kwakwalwa Kwayoyin.
• "Aktovegin" "Cere" - taimaka wa sabuntawa na bayanai sarkar, to ta da kwayuka musayar tafiyar matakai.

hormone far

Masana kimiyya sun amince da cewa ci gaban Alzheimer ta cutar na taimaka wa raguwa a acetylcholine kira. Rashin daidaituwa tsakanin samarwa da kuma acetylcholine neurotransmitter acetylcholine, wanda ya haddasa hanawa na neuronal ayyuka. A Kwayoyin zama wrinkled, synapse sarari aka wofintar, da kuma neurons mutu. Opening a 100% na lokuta na Alzheimer ta cutar tabbatarwa. Photo na da lafiya da kuma rashin lafiya mutum kwakwalwa ba da damar mu ganin Pathology na ko da wani mutum talakawa.

Rage mayar acetylcholine kira damar hulda tsakanin neurons da kuma rage gudu tafiyar matakai na samuwar amyloid plaques. Gwajinsu sun nuna inganci na cholinesterase hanawa. A marasa lafiya tare da rage na gigin-tsufa, memory aka mayar, ya dawo da kai sabis basira da kuma fuskantarwa a sarari da kuma lokaci.

Yau yadu gane 3 Kwayoyi cewa hana cholinesterase:

• "Aritsept" ( "donepezil" "Aricept") - yana da wani tsakiyar sakamako, yi amfani a kan 5.10 MG da rana.
• 'Reminyl' (galantamine hydrobromide) - yana da wani janar sakamako, kusan ba mai guba, mai kyau da hankali. Aiwatar 8-12 MG da rana.
• "Exelon" ( "rivastigmine") - yana da wani tsakiyar tasiri, mafi tasiri fiye da sauran kwayoyi a cikin hanzari ci gaba siffofin Alzheimer ta cutar. Samuwa a cikin nau'i na Allunan, plaster, turmi. An fara kashi - 3 MG da rana.

A amfani da cholinesterase hanawa magunguna ba kamar wannan sakamakon, amma kowane haƙuri reacts daban to hormone far. Idan daya daga cikin kwayoyi bai shige, likita ya sauya analogue daga gare ta. Hukunci a sakamakon magani mai yiwuwa ne kawai bayan da wani uku-wata hanya a iyakar sashi.

Babban contraindications ne cututtuka na gastrointestinal fili, zuciya da kuma urinary fili. Aikace-aikace na Bronchial fuka da kuma epilepsy an kuma ba da shawarar.

Jiyya na tsanani gigin-tsufa

Komowar canje-canje a cikin kwakwalwa sa Alzheimer ta cutar. A Sanadin cutar - wani batun kullum azaba masu bincike. A karshe mataki da cuta ne zai yiwu a yi amfani da daya kadai magani amince da duniya na magani - "Memantine". Degenerative matakai a neurons ba sarrafawa da daya kawai cholinesterase, halin da ake ciki ya zama mafi rikitarwa. kwakwalwa astrocytes, za a fara, don samar da toxin - glutamate, wanda ya kashe neurons da astrocytes kansu.

"Memantine" shirya musayar glutamate, wanda ya hana Jihar maye daga cikin kwakwalwa. Mutane da yawa kwararru suna aikatawa da yin amfani da "Memantine" tare da cholinesterase hanawa, wanda sau da yawa bada sakamako mai kyau.

Da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne da gane ta cikin jiki, shi yana da 'yan contraindications (epilepsy da illa na koda aiki). Amurka da EU kasashen tambaya "Memantine" domin lura da Alzheimer ta cutar shekaru 10.

symptomatic far

Jiyya ta dogara ne a kan yin amfani da zabe serotonin reuptake hanawa ( "Fluoxetine", "citalopram") da kuma norepinephrine. Bugu da kari ga tasiri a kan psyche kwayoyi taimaka kashe ãyõyin m gigin-tsufa. Amfani da hankula antidepressants iya kai wa ga ci gaban Alzheimer ta cuta, don haka a mai tsanani ciki rubũta tricyclic antidepressants.

Lokacin amfani da neuroleptics psychotic cuta. Duk da haka, ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa sun bunkasa aikewa da gigin-tsufa. Amfani da su kawai a cikin matsanancin, da likitoci rubũta kwayoyi kawai m effects.