Animals Marshes. Abin da dabbobi rayuwa a swamps

Marshland - musamman duniyar Flora da fauna. Nature ne fadama cewa shi ne gida daban-daban dabbobi da girma da ban mamaki shuke-shuke, da yawa daga wanda aka jera a matsayin miyagun. Daga mai kimiyya ra'ayi, fadama - shi ne mai marshy ƙasar rabo da ciwon high zafi da kuma acidity. A cikin irin wannan wurare a can ne m danshi, da karfi danshin da kuma rashin oxygen (photo fadama gabatar a cikin labarin). Magana a cikin sauki sharuddan, shi ne mai ban mamaki takaice tare da ta musamman ciyayi da kuma babu kasa musamman mazaunan. Ga wasu daga gare su, kuma za mu yi magana a more daki-daki.

Abin da na halitta fadama?

Ƙasa fadama aiki da dabbobi (msl, dabbar beaver) ko manmade. Tare da gina su dams, ya nufi domin gina musamman kududdufai da tafkunan, kasar gona babu makawa hasarar da kaddarorin, hasarar haihuwa digiri, silting. Daya daga cikin manyan yanayi na samuwar Marshes - shi ne akai wuce haddi danshi. Bi da bi, da suka wuce haddi danshi za a iya jawo da daban-daban na gida fasali na taimako, misali, akwai depressions, a cikin abin da garken kullum ruwan karkashin kasa da kuma hazo.

Duk wannan take kaiwa ga samuwar peat. Ba da da ewa akwai wata fadama. Da mazaunan wadannan wurare - wani irin kasancewa. Gaskiyar cewa kowane mai rai kwayoyin iya daidaita da rayuwa a cikin matsanancin yanayi, domin, kamar yadda aka ce, da akwai ba ko da yaushe isashshen sunadarin oxygen da, kasar gona yana da wani low matakin na haihuwa, da kuma dukan yankin ne halin da ya wuce kima danshi kuma, ba shakka, high acidity . Saboda haka irin wannan dabbobi ya kamata biya haraji! Saboda haka, muna samun su san wadannan haruffa kusa.

amphibia

A general, duk m dabba swamps - ne da yawa, amma ga mafi part ba m mazauna wannan yanki. Da yawa daga cikinsu zauna a nan domin kawai wani gajeren lokaci, misali, har a wani lõkaci, sa'an nan rush bar wadannan abubuwa ciki wuri. Dindindin mazauna marshlands ba da yawa ba, amma sun san kusan kome da kome. Daga cikin su da mafi yawan sanannun da yawa mambobi ne na aji na amphibious dabbobi da halittar dabba mai kafafuwa: kwaɗi, toads da newts.

frogs

Frogs - watakila mafi shahara da kuma mafi yawa mazaunan fadama. Mutane da yawa herpetologists (a kan amphibian da masu rarrafe masana) imani wadannan halittu sosai m halittun da la'akari da su daga cikin mafi kyau dabbobi a duniya. Lalle ne, frogs jiki tsarin peculiar kuma na musamman. Su kai ne in mun gwada manyan kuma m. Su ba su da wani wuyansa. Saboda haka, da zarar shugaban wuce a takaice, amma m jiki.

Frogs kunshi detachment anurans, wanda yana da kimanin 6000 da kimanin 84 na zamani burbushin jinsuna. Kamar yadda sunan su naúrar, wadannan halittu ba su da wani wuyansa, ko wutsiya. Kuma bã su da nau'i-nau'i biyu na da kyau-ɓullo da wata gabar jiki. Herpetologists dangana ga tailless halittar dabba mai kafafuwa itace kwaɗi, guba Dart kwaɗi, toads, frogs da rana. Outwardly, suka yi kama da kwaɗi, amma ba a dangantaka ta kusa da su.

A lokacin da rana wadannan halittu bask a rana daga ta'aziyya furannin fadama ko a kan rairayin bakin teku. Idan da wani sauro tashi, irin ƙwaro ko tashi, rana walƙiya jefa ta m harshe zuwa ga gefen cikin kwari. Kamawa ganima, halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, sa'an nan ta tsattsewa shi. Ninka da rana spawn a fadama. Da mazaunan wadannan tafkunan ne ba ƙi ci rana qwai, haka dama dubu qwai jefa cikin ruwa don tsira kawai 'yan dozin.

Wannan ya faru a farkon watan Afrilu. Sai a wannan lokaci da kwãɗi tada su daga hunturu rashin himma. A rana ta biyar da suka tsira qwai tadpoles fito fili. A frogs sun jũya 4 watanni.

The most rana a duniya ne Jãlũta, da suke zaune a kasar ta Kamaru. Wannan kafa ya kai wani tsawon na 33 cm da kuma yin la'akari har zuwa 4 kg. Duk da haka, ya fi kowa a duniya ne kore rana. A fannin ta mazauninsu - dukan Turai, arewa maso yammacin Afirka, da kuma Asia. Wannan irin tailless halittar dabba mai kafafuwa samu a cikin swamps na mu mafi kowa.

toads

"Companion" frogs ne toads. Yana yana da wasu dabbobi da cewa rayuwa a cikin Marshes ko'ina cikin shekara. Don ƙarni, da suna da wadannan halittar dabba mai kafafuwa m tãlikai. A townsfolk yi imani da cewa toads da wasu m slime, wanda endows abokan gaba. Mutane da yawa har yanzu yi imani da cewa idan ka karba a toad, sun yi zargin bayyana warts. Wannan ba quite gaskiya. Mafi yawan waɗannan halittar dabba mai kafafuwa ne m da mutane. Hakika, da ake samu a wurare masu zafi kasashen da guba toads da frogs, amma su za a iya gane da m haske launi.

Ku tuna da frogs cewa rayuwa a cikin Rasha fadama ba ya haifar da wani lahani ga mutum. A akasin wannan, da suka amfana, kuma ya halaka mai yawa cutarwa tsutsotsi, slugs da kuma yawo kwari. Wadannan halittu suke nocturnal kuma, sabanin kwaɗi, kadan bukatar ruwa. Shi ya sa kusan ba zai yiwu ba a ga a hasken rana toads. Duk da haka marshy fadama - mafi kyau mazauninsu na wadannan halittar dabba mai kafafuwa.

newts

Detachment tailed halittar dabba mai kafafuwa gabatar salaman kuma newts. Idan na farko - shi ke mafi yawa ƙasar halittu, da Tritons - shi kawai ya yi Marshes dabbobi. Azahiri, wadannan halittu suke da ɗan kama kadangaru, shi ke kawai fata - santsi da kuma m, kuma wutsiya - da a tsaye jirgin sama (kamar kifi). Jiki a newts ne elongated kuma dogara sanda-dimbin yawa tsarin. Su kananan shugaban nan da nan da ke shiga cikin maraƙi, wanda kuma imperceptibly da wutsiya.

Mai newts rayuwa har abada a fadama, jawabin da mafi yawan shekaru. Duk da haka, su ne secretive hanyarsa ta rayuwa. Don ganin da ido tsirara na Kadangare a cikin daji ne kusan ba zai yiwu! Su - kyau kwarai swimmers, amma a bakin mai gaba daya m tãlikai. Wakilai daga cikin tsari na tailed halittar dabba mai kafafuwa - a sedentary dabbobi a haɗe zuwa ga 'yan qasar gida - fadama. Su ne m da kuma kaucewa saba nesa tafiya.

dabbobi masu shayarwa

Na dindindin mambobi ne na aji dabbobi masu shayarwa iya bambanta na cikin ruwa hakori: muskrats da ruwa da yara - otters. Ya kamata a lura da cewa dabbobi masu shayarwa fadama mazaunan iya rayuwa ba kawai a cikin ruwa amma kuma a kan sãsanninta. Alal misali, a can an samu moistureloving vole da ruwa berayen. Af, kuma su duka biyu bunƙasa, a cikin wannan yanayi: su mafaka - mossy hummocks, da kuma abinci - da Cranberry, blueberry, da kuma tsaba tsirũruwa dabam-dabam.

muskrats

Home to waɗannan dabbobi ne North America. A Rasha suka shigo daga Canada a 1928. Sai da na ɗauki sosai kadan lokaci wadannan halittu yada a fadin kasar. Muskrat - su ne wakilan rodent dabbobi da m swamps. Suna zaune a kananan da manyan tabkuna, kogin waha kuma, ba shakka, a cikin duhu Moors. Akwai su ne, kamar beavers a gudãna ruwa, kafa da kansu bukkoki daga cikin kayan a hannunka.

Shiri na wadannan hakori a fadama a sami sauƙi. Gidãjensu ne mazugi-dimbin yawa da kuma isa wani tsawo na kusan daya mita. muskrat kwana yana da musamman tsarin: located ciki daya ko fiye na musamman da bẽnãye, kuma a cikin cibiyar - da gida. Mammalogy (dabbobi masu shayarwa masana) cewa shi ne kawai halitta dabba rayuwa a cikin ruwa. Muskrat iyon da sauƙi, kuma da sauri. A lokacin da kallon wannan halittar babu sauran shakka cewa fadama - gidansa!

otters

Wadannan halittu su ne mafi girma wakilan musteline na detachment na ganima dabbobi. Su, kamar muskrat - da m kuma irreplaceable dabbobi swamps, da waɗansu kõguna, ƙanana da manyan tabkuna. Manya isa tsawon game da 1 m, kuma ku auna nauyi zuwa 15 kg. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa da ake samu a kusan dukkanin sassan kasar, tare da togiya na Antarctica da kuma Australia. Mother Nature ta samar da waɗannan dabbobi ga mazauninsu a cikin ruwa kashi.

Zagaye kai, short amma m wuyansa, ganga-dimbin yawa jiki, m wutsiya da webbed ƙafãfunsu taimaka otters effortlessly yanke ruwan surface. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa ne maras tsayawa salon. Tun otters - suna da yara, suna ciyar da abinci a kan su guda "da makwabta" ta cikin fadama: kwaɗi, voles, muskrats, crayfish, tsutsotsi, dodon kodi, macizai. A cikin kayayyakin lokaci, suka farautar fun for fun, ya ji dãɗi a cikin wetland Marshes, mirgina saukar daga bankunan na ruwa, da sauransu. D.

Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci otters bar su marshy fadama, za a abin da ake kira "kifi". Da dama dabbobi iyo a cikin sabo ruwa da kuma fara wani hadin gwiwa farauta domin gida kifi. Otters tare suna tuki a makaranta da kifi a cikin wani kunkuntar matsatsiyar cewa shi ne inda suka zai zama da sauki ga kama da ganima. Kananan kifi ci dabbobi ba tare da barin cikin ruwa, da kuma manyan - kawai a kan rairayin bakin teku.

Magana wadda, da yanayi Otter - m dabbobi. Su kwantar da hankula yanayi ne kiyaye mafi yawan shekaru, amma a cikin ma'abota tsakanin namiji hammayarsu iya bayyana hakikanin jini yaƙi domin mace!

Birds da cewa rayuwa a cikin swamps

Masana kimiyya suka yi binciken da fauna na swamps, jayayya da cewa wannan yanki ne quite dace da kasancewar da yawa wakilan duniya fauna, ciki har da tsuntsaye. Alal misali, succulent mai tushe da 'ya'yan itatuwa na fadama shuke-shuke suna da wani irreplaceable tushen abinci ptarmigan, fadama owls, waders da ducks. Wadannan tsuntsaye sun dogon zaba wannan yankin da kuma jin dadi quite a nan.

Frankly, tsuntsaye ne ba sosai da kuma son shirya a wadannan yankunan. Bird tsaro sun lura cewa, lokaci-lokaci zo a fadama takaddamarsu da kuma capercaillie. A fili, suna kore ta da sha'awar ci dadi berries. A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, a wani wajen marshy headwaters na wadannan wurare iya shirya ko da launin toka crane. Gaskiyar cewa fadama for cranes - a real kariya na waje wayewa. Bugu da kari, ba kowa zai iya samu ta hanyar da waɗanda swamps!

Sarauniyar da Marshes

Magana ne game da abin da dabbobi a cikin fadama sami mafaka, ba a ma maganar Sarauniyar wadannan wurare - heron. Kila da yawa daga cikin mu ba su fahimci m dandani na wannan tsuntsu ga marshland. A halin yanzu, herons shirya a nan ba ta samu damar! Gaskiyar ita ce, da shrubs, sedges da reeds samar da kyau kwarai kariya daga yara. Bugu da ƙari, akwai ko da yaushe wani abu ya sa kudi (kamar frogs).

Heron, ba shakka, ba za a iya kira wani kyakkyawan tsuntsu, amma sarauniya na Marshes - gaba daya! Duk da yake wasu tsuntsu tsaro har yanzu yi imani da cewa a wasu kyakkyawa da ko da Alheri peculiar wasu har wakilin wannan fauna. Duk da haka m, kuma mai kusurwa ƙungiyoyi, kazalika da bakon, da kuma wani lokacin frankly bai kula da tufafinsa hali rage duk da kyau ga kome ba.

Duk abin da ya, da heron daidai saba da rayuwa a irin wannan irin yanayi. Ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin waɗannan tsuntsaye ne wani ruwa jikin da dausayi! Su sauri hawa cikin kyauro, motsi daidai a cikin ruwa. Wannan kawai murya suna da dadi ba numfashi, tunatarwata ko wani kuka, ko wani ya yi ruri. Bird tsaro gargaɗi da cewa herons ne sosai insidious, da kuma wani lokacin mugunta tãlikai. Suna zaune a yankunansu, amma wadannan gregarious tsuntsãye ba za a iya kira.

A general, rage cin abinci na herons abinci ne kifi, amma marshlands ta kusan babu wani. Wannan ya bayyana a so wadannan halittu zuwa frogs. Herons girma yarda to regale tailless halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, crabs, tsutsotsi kuma katantanwa.

Kuma a karshe ... Me ya sa a fadama haka da yawa frogs?

A farkon wannan labarin, za mu yi magana game da matsananci yanayin rayuwa a cikin marshland. Tun da yake wannan yanki yana da wani pronounced acidity, dabbobin da yawa, kuma fadama shuke-shuke da low matakin na hadawan abu da iskar shaka. Irin wannan kariya ta ɓullo a su a kan lokaci. Musamman mai kyau wajibi ne su kwantar da mazaunan yankin, wato, frogs, toads da newts. Zai yiwu ga wannan dalilin ne suka fi yawa mazaunan marshlands (ga. Marsh photo).