Ãyõyin jihar - filaye don fitarwa na

A jihar a matsayin doka sabon abu yana da wani sa na rarrabe siffofin da raba shi daga sauran zamantakewa da al'adu tsarin. Wadannan halaye a cikin kimiyya da dokar da ake kira "ãyõyi na jihar." Masana harkokin shari'a, da daban-daban ra'ayoyi a kan abun da ke ciki na wadannan siffofin, duk da haka, duk suka yi emit makarantun firamare da sakandare halaye. Basic (su ake bukata) ãyõyin jihar sa shi yiwuwa a ware shi daga cikin sauran kungiyoyin da mutane. Secondary siffofin marginalize kasar daga cikin jimlar nauyin nasu irin. Saboda haka, mu yi la'akari da su.

M ãyõyin jihar.

Formation na Jihar cikin tribal al'umma ne saboda ba shi musamman fasali. Sun kasance cikin ƙasa, yawan, mulki, kuma jama'a hukumomi.

Population (mutane). Wannan shi ne na farko da babban halayyar. Wannan sanarwa mai tushe daga sosai definition da ke jihar. A cikin rashi na mutane ba za a iya ƙaddara da sauran fasali na jihar. A lokaci guda shi ya kamata a tuna da cewa yawan ba za a iya iyakance ta da wani m frameworks, kamar tseren, jinsi, na kasa, masu sana'a, addini. A cikin taron cewa wannan zai faru, mu yi magana a game da wata al'umma ko kungiyar, da dai sauransu Organization, na yawan jama'ar, a jihar ta dogara ne a kan janar haƙiƙa kafa fitar a cikin nau'i na neprekoslovno executable dokoki (shari'a).

Ƙasa. A cikin pre-jihar lokaci, mutane sukan shiga kungiyoyin da hijira har zuwa depletion na abinci hannun jari a wannan yanki. Tare da tasowar jihar guda ƙungiya kafa siddan gyarawa mazauninsu Halo, kullawa iyakar a duka biyu ƙasar da ruwa yankunan, da kuma a cikin sararin samaniyar. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na ƙasar guda dokar, m ga daukacin jama'ar.

Mulki. Wannan yanayin ne halin da cewa da ƙasa na dukan iko ne kawai da yawan jama'a na kasar. Haka ya shafi wakilan maslahar su a cikin dangantakar kasa da kasa.

Jama'a iko. A tribal al'ummomi na yanke shawara a kan makomar kabilar aka dauka a general majalisa dukkan yan kungiya. A jihar na mutane wakilta su da hakkin wakilci a kan gudanar da jihar zuwa wasu mutane. Sun iya zabe ko nada. Jama'a ikon halin gaban wani izini administrative ma'aikatan, aiki a karkashin sharuddan da halaccinta.

Saboda haka, babban bayãnin hukuncin fasalin jihar ne mutane (yawan), ƙasa, mulki, kuma jama'a hukumomi. Amma ya kamata mu tuna cewa wannan halaye na iya samun gosudarstvopodobnye da kuma ilimi. Saboda haka kana bukatar wani ƙarin jerin halaye, na ware shi daga al'ummomi na mutane.

Qananan alamun da ke jihar.

A farko wannan category ne gaban fasali na shari'a da tsarin. Mutanen da suke rayuwa a wannan yanki, ya kafa nasu m dokoki, domin ba yi da cewa ya kamata a hukunta.

Mu'ujiza ta biyu ne da gaban da haraji tsarin, da manufar wanda shi ne ya bayar da kuɗaɗen da ayyukan da ke jihar, ta gwamnatin jikinsu da kuma zamantakewa shirye-shirye.

The uku halayyar ne samuwar kuma aiki na jihar musamman gawarwakin alhakin kisan m dokoki na gudanarwa, tare da abin da tsarin doka. Don wannan hasashe kamata kuma a hada da gaban sojojin, wanda shi ne ke da alhakin tsare na mutuncin jihar a cikin kulla yankin.

A karo na hudu alama ne da gaban da rarrabe hali na jihar - da gashi na makamai, da kuma tutar take.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa, duk da dukan da bambancin, ãyõyi na jihar dole ne bi da musamman "cuta" - jihar + dama. Wannan sanarwa ta dogara ne a kan gaskiyar cewa mutanen da suka zahiri, wata gagarumar kasar ba zai iya aiki ba tare da wani fayyace tsarin gudanarwa, tare da abin da, da kuma zama dokokin, doka ayyuka, ta hanyar-dokoki, kotun lokuta , da dai sauransu Lauyoyin ake kullum ware a cikin wannan matsayi da wani irin hali, ta audio ba Magana game da babban ko da sakandare.

A ƙarshe ina son a lura da cewa a cikin ãyõyin jihar - Waɗannan su ne na musamman halaye da cewa ba da damar ware na musamman al'umma da mutane daga sauran kama su. Su ne da muhimmanci, domin yarda na jihar yana nufin yiwuwar gane wadanda a matakin kasa da kasa.