Barack - wata alama ce da zamanin. The gidaje matsala a zamanin gurguzanci

A tarihin gine a yankin na zamani Rasha za a iya raba hudu girma turakun. A mataki na farko - da itace da dutse gine-gine, dating baya ga XV-XVI ƙarni. A mataki na biyu - da al'adar gina XVII-XIX ƙarni. Uku lokaci - XX karni, na huɗu - yanzu lokaci.

Social gidaje: da zamantakewa

A formative shekaru na Soviet gwamnatin gina gidajen zama da kuma jama'a gine-gine ya halartar da dama daga canje-canje da cewa ba za a iya kira positive. Gine-ginen ya hau kan a cikin mafi munin lokacin nan rinjaye hanyar warware gidaje matsaloli, adapting shi zuwa sabon, ko da harsher hakikar.

A farkon twenties na XX karni jagorancin Soviet Rasha ba su yi la'akari da bukatar da commissioning sababbin gidaje ayyukan. Matsalar da aka warware tare da sake ma su matsugunni da 'yan sananne "hatimi" mafi talakawa flats, wanda daga baya samu matsayi na jama'a mai amfani.

bariki

Around lokaci guda cewa kalmar bayyana a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum na Soviet mutum a matsayin "barikin". Wannan shi ne wani yunkurin da hukumomi don amfani da nasarorin da suke a gabãninsu, suka yi Hijira da ma'aikata da kuma ma'aikata da ma'aikata a cikin barikin, da kuma gina cheap gidan. A cikin irin wannan labelaben Tsarin cikin pre-juyin juya halin zamanin huddled iyali steelmakers, hakar gwal, turners, grinders da sauransu.

Barak - ginin ne a rectangular siffar, wanda ya kunshi daya bene. Rayuwa da dakuna suna located a garesu na corridor, wanda lullube tare da dukan barikin a tsakiyar ɓangare. A daya karshen tsarin ne dafa abinci yankin, a cikin wasu - hardware naúrar.

Barack - wucin gadi gida. Wannan shi ne yadda aka gabatar da wani aiki da shugabannin harkokin kasuwanci. Kamar yadda shirya ta "seo" barikin-kamar gidan da aka yi ba fiye da biyar, matsakaicin shekaru goma. A gaskiya, da yawa mazauna ciyar a cikin barikin ga fiye da uku da suka gabata.

Front gini

A hamsin na XX karni shi da aka gudanar a taro hijirarsa, wanda a yarda miliyoyin ma'aikata su bar barikin har abada. Shi ne mai alama taron. A wannan lokacin, kasar zo a saki karfafa kankare Tsarin, wanda aka gina daga Multi-storey na zama tubalan.

Ya bambanta da m gini barikin da kuma like a kan manufa na zamantakewa mazauna wuri na sabon gidajen da aka batun m gine-gine da shirin.

Yana nuna da embankments, murabba'ai, roundabouts, jama'a gine-gine, da ilimi, kiwon lafiya, wasanni, al'adu da kuma dama.

Khrushchev

Dalili na gaban ginin ya zama wani misali biyar-labarin Apartment gidan. Babu wani lif, kuma bã da wani ambato na ta'aziyya. Amma akwai daruruwan kananan lebur-cubbyholes hada kai tare da dakunan wanka. Rufi tsawo a kansu shi ne mafi ƙarancin yiwu.

Godiya ga Khrushchev gudanar da muhimmanci inganta rayuwar na Soviet ma'aikata, wanda ake motsi a cikin sabon ginin basements da kuma zamantakewa barikin.

A misali layout na tubalan hada da wani zama yankin da dama biyar-storey gine-gine da kuma jama'a. A jama'a yanki hada da makarantun sakandare, kindergartens, rumfarsa ta saida Stores da sauran kayan more rayuwa.