Chilean Araucaria: description da kuma hotuna

Araukskaya Pine, "biri wuyar warwarewa", biri-wuyar warwarewa - duk sunayen ga wannan itacen, wanda nasa ne da tsofaffin conifers. Yana girma a duniya tamu dubban shekaru da suka wuce, kuma a cikin halitta nau'i ya tsira zuwa yanzu kawai a Australia da kuma Kudancin Amirka.

A Turai, wannan shuka kawai gano a watan Julin 1782 godiya ga kokarin da Italian botanist H. Molinua. 16 Bayan shekara (1796) na farko itace da aka dasa a Ingila. A nan muna da duk da haka wani na da sunan da - Monkey Tantance ( «asiri gwaggwon biri"). Yana da quite na kowa, kuma ya kasance mai Botanical kamus. Wata rana, wani saurayi mai na Araucaria, akwati da kuma rassan da suka dade da aka rufe gaba daya da prickly ganye, da nuna shi a wajen bãƙinsa, ya ce: "Hawa wannan itãciya ba sauki, dã ya kasance wani asiri har ma ga birai."

A farko itace a Ingila rayuwa fiye da shekara ɗari. Daga baya, biri-wuyar warwarewa ya kasance mai tartsatsi ne a Yammacin Turai. A Rasha, shi za a iya gani a cikin Botanical gõnaki na Caucasus da kuma Crimea. A wannan labarin, za mu yi magana game da wannan mafi m shuke-shuke.

Chilean Araucaria: description

Wannan shi ne manya-manyan, har zuwa 60 mita high, iri guda ba, Evergreen, iri guda ba itace. Karkashin yanayi, asallanta ne mita 1.5 a diamita. Hardiness: withstands zafin jiki da rage zuwa -20 ° C.

kambi

Externally, da itãciya ne daban-daban daga mu saba softwood (spruce, Pine). Abin da nau'i na Araucaria itatuwa a Chile? A matasa shuke-shuke kambi ne zagaye-conical siffar, a wani mazan shekaru, ta zama laima. An kafa ta dade, lokacin farin ciki, yada, dan kadan sagging a tushe, sa'an nan kuma za a mayar da sama da reshe. Lower rassan kwance a ƙasa,.

Su tsufa, ayan fada kashe. Manya samfurori da gefen rassan shirya a 6-7 whorls. Suka shimfiɗa horizontally ko dan kadan drooping, wanda yawanci za a iya gani a tsohon itatuwa. Crohn yakan mallaki lebur-laima-siffar a cikin 'yan shekaru bayan dasa. An located a kan saman ganga.

akwati

Araucaria Chile, photos na wanda za ka iya gani a wannan labarin, shi ne tafarki line, taso keya, kuma sosai siririn akwati. Yana maida hankali ne akan resinous haushi m duhu launin ruwan kasa. Yana a fili a bayyane a tsaye fasa bayyana dakatar daga sansanonin, matattu rassan. A haushi ne wrinkled, flaking. Shekara-shekara girma na matasa shuke-shuke zuwa 45 cm, sa'an nan shi slows saukar zuwa 10-15 cm. Sun itatuwa suna dauke su har zuwa shekaru 50 da haihuwa.

Araucaria itace yana da wani yellowish-farin launi. Ana amfani da a yi. Its guduro an amfani a mutãne magani.

foliage

Araucaria Chilean yana da manyan needles. A tsawon needles - 3-5 cm a wannan nisa. Sun zauna da tabbaci a kan rassan kan gaba 10-15 shekaru. A foliage sosai tauri, yana mai nuna koli, santsi. A babba surface ne dan kadan convex, tare da bangarorin biyu na da stomatal line. Itãce tam spirally rufe rassan. A garesu shi ne fentin a cikin wannan duhu kore da kuma m.

Abin mamaki shine, ganyen wannan itaciya ne don haka prickly da wuya cewa reshe bai ko zauna tsuntsaye. A ganyen wannan itaciya rayuwa ga game da shekara arba'in. A peculiarity na tsire-tsire ne microstrobili. Su Kadaitaccen, axillary (sau da yawa da aka tattara a cikin kungiyoyin a koli na rassan 2-6 guda). Su ne cylindrical, wani lokacin, kusan m, kewaye a tushe na vegetative ganye.

flowering

Biri-wuyar warwarewa blooms a watan Yuni - Yuli. Namiji furanni a iyakar da harbe ne suka hallara a kananan hõre nunannun cewa kasance a kan itacen watanni da dama.

Cones

Babbar Cones Araucaria Chilean fentin ruwan kasa, mai siffar zobe siffar, diamita na 18 cm da wani nauyi na har zuwa goma sha biyar kilo. Da farko, rufe su tare da miƙa, dogon (har zuwa 3 cm), kuma kadan juya-up tipped da Sikeli, wanda sa'an nan kuma karya kashe.

Mace Cones ne globular-conical siffar, manyan (17 cm a diamita), ana shirya a kan babba bangarorin karfi rassan. Bayan da suka pollinate a shekaru biyu zama kore. Adult itatuwa ne game da 30 Cones, kowanne daga abin da ya ƙunshi game da 300 sosai manyan tsaba. Bayan da dunƙule crumbles ripening a kan itacen.

Balaga da iri dan kadan matsa, da elongated tsawon na hudu da kuma wani kauri biyu santimita. Tare da gefuna da iri za a iya gani kunkuntar ratsi - saurã daga cikin reshe.

da yin amfani da

A tsaba ne sosai m, da al'umma yana amfani da su bã su abinci. Bã su da wani sabon abu da dandano, don haka suka sukan yi amfani a cikin nau'i na toasted ko cuku jita-jita.

Tartsatsi amfani da biri-wuyar warwarewa samu a Landscape Design: Saboda na sabon abu siffar itacen ne sau da yawa amfani a wuraren shakatawa da kuma gidãjen Aljanna.

Araucaria Chile a gida

A dakin yanayi Araucaria tsiro har zuwa 180 cm. Don girma da wannan sabon abu shuka, bukatar haske, a kalla a bit of inuwa. A dakin ya zama sanyi, tare da mai kyau iska wurare dabam dabam. Wannan itace ba zai yi girma a cikin zamani da dakuna da tsakiyar dumama.

Ga ci gaban da kuma ci gaban Araucaria bukatar mai yawa sarari. A lokacin rani, wannan sapling ne quite dadi a kan waje, amma bisa sharadin cewa shi za a kare daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Sau da yawa da wuri mai faɗi ne a Jewel a cikin lambu biri-wuyar warwarewa. A cikin bude filin, har ma a wani marigayi dasawa, da shuka tasowa mafi maida.

da zazzabi

The bukata zazzabi for Araucaria + 10-12 ° C. Ko da karamin karuwa a ta (har zuwa +16 ° C) shuka shan wahala mugun: needles fara juya rawaya.

ƙasa

Chilean Araucaria ba ma wuya a kan ƙasa abun da ke ciki. Yawancin lokaci, an yi tattalinta dõmin saba mix ga houseplants. Don shi za ka iya ƙara torfosoderzhaschy substrate da wani acid dauki. Yana za a iya saye a wani kantin sayar da sana'a a matsayin ƙasa ga rhododendrons.

zafi

A wuraren da zafin jiki ne mafi girma fiye da shawarar, da shuka ya kamata a fesa sau uku a rana. A sanyi da dakuna da wannan hanya ya kamata a yi ba fiye da sau daya a cikin kwanaki biyu. A kasar gona a cikin tukunya dole ne a rufe sphagnum gansakuka, wanda ake bukata don moisturize a kai a kai.

watering

A lokacin rani, watering ya zama yalwatacce. Ba za mu iya ba da damar da bushewa da ƙasa. A wannan yanayin ma ya wuce kima rewet iya cutar da shuka: haddi danshi a kusa da tushen zai iya sa yellowness da allura abscission. Watering ne da za'ayi kawai bayan bushewa topsoil.

A cikin hunturu, watering an rage zuwa m, duk da haka, da kuma a wannan lokaci na bushewa maginin clod ne unacceptable. Bugu da ƙari, ba su yi amfani da wuya ruwa das hi don bayi. Shawarar kare kyau, ruwan sama ko Boiled ruwa.

A dakin yanayi da Chilean Araucaria zaune har zuwa shekaru goma, batun yanayi. Yellowed needles bayar da shawarar cewa na cikin gida iska ne ma ya bushe. La'akari da kafaffen tushe ga shuka. Dace da ciyar da taki ga azaleas. Suna amfani a cikin lokaci daga watan Afrilu zuwa Agusta da wani tazara na makonni uku. The takin gargajiya Araucaria ba ya bukatar.

dashi

Wadannan da saye da matasa shuke-shuke ya kamata a hankali cire shi daga cikin tukunya, kula kada su lalata da duniya com. Idan Tushen ana ma tam braided shi, kana bukatar 7-10 kwanaki giciye itacen (ba tare da canza ƙasa) a cikin wani ya fi girma tukunya da kuma ƙara substrate for conifers. Next transplants bukatar kawai bayan 3-4 shekaru, lokacin da wani da zarar tam opletut asalinsu.

ƙwarƙwata

Wannan inji shi ne fairly resistant zuwa kwari, ko wani lokacin shafi mealybug kwari da takamaiman to conifers. Idan ka ga cewa itace fari gungu, kama da auduga ulu guda, cire su da wani Semi-m goga, bayan moistening tare da barasa. Bayan wannan tsari da shuka miyagun ƙwayoyi "Akhtar".

Araucaria Chile - wani sosai showy shuka cewa ya dubi mai girma a cikin wani yanayi. Kamar yadda ka gani shi ne, ba sauki da za a kiyaye a dakin ciki (ba domin tsananin kiyaye da zazzabi yanayin).