Clay toys. Clay toys - whistles. Fentin lãka toys

Rasha lãka toys wani bangare ne na rayuwar mutane ga ƙarni da dama. Ma'adanin na yin wadannan gizmos da craft hadisai mika sauka daga tsara zuwa tsara. Wadannan alama ratayen wuya ne misalta kyakkyawa, aiki da kuma salon na Rasha mutane.

Provenance lãka toys

A kan ƙasa na kasar mu da archaeologists sun samu mafi tsufa lãka toys, dating baya zuwa na biyu Millennium BC. Sun kasance sũ ne a yi ƙaras-ƙaras, daban-daban kayayyakinsa da kananan lãka kama kayan aikin. A lokacin tono (Moscow, Ryazan) toys kuma mafi kwanan nan asalin da aka samu. Sun sa addini muhimmanci da kuma aka kerarre a cikin nau'i na Figures mutane, da tsuntsaye, da na dawakai. Wadannan toys halitta da yin tallan kayan kawa lãka sa'an nan calcining gagarumar wuta. Wani lokaci su aka yi wa ado da fentin da rufi da glaze.

A tarihin lãka toys ci gaba cikin sauri. Its samarwa a cikin 17-18 ƙarni. da sauri girma. Figures fara da za a samar musamman domin sayarwa a Spring Fair. Clay - roba da kuma taushi abu. Ta kasance ba kawai dace da samuwar glassware. Daga ta sassaƙaƙƙun daban-daban abun wasa whistles, images of mutane, da tsuntsaye, da dabbobi, grematushki (wasan yara masu kara) da kuma fiye da. Kowane artist yana da nasa salon da kuma irin gyare-gyaren da Popular kayayyakin. Tare da Alexis kamar tsarabobi da kuma kyautai irin gizmos yarda, suka fara sayen fādar sarki.

Duk da yake lãka toys daidaita kome daga kananan zuwa manyan. Muna yin shi ga mafi part a cikin kaka-hunturu kakar, a lokacin da lokaci free daga yankunan karkara damuwa, ya isa. Don wannan rana, jama'a toys daga lãka ba ya rasa ta munasaba. Kafa a cikin dukan bambancin tsari da kuma launi, tana da wani sihiri ikon kawo cikin gidan na ta'aziyya, da zafi da kuma kyau dara.

Folk lãka toys: bambance-bambance a asalin kuma Hanyar yi

Toys iya zama daban-daban a cikin abun da ke ciki lãka, dauka domin crafts, kuma fashion tallan kayan kawa, hali na wani irin samfurin. An mafi kyau wanda ya canja images of mai yumɓu. An yafi amfani ga yi na toys Filimonovsky. Kowane samfurin halin da wasu siffofin da launuka, wanda ya dogara a kan irin lãka samu a wani musamman wuri, da kuma ta roba Properties.

Clay toys kerarre a baya, suna na musamman reshe na kumar kasko, kiyaye wannan rana. Expressiveness da kuma sauki - babban sharudda na tallan kayan kawa na wadannan kayayyakin da jama'a artists.

Manyan rare ne Rasha yumbu abun wasa: Abashevo, . Kargopol, Dymovskiy, Filimonov, da dai sauransu Wannan craft samu ta baza a kasashe da dama na duniya.

Clay toys Kargopol: labarin Tarurrukan

Its sunan, wadannan sana'o'i da ake bukata a game da wurin asalin, a garin Kargopol na Arkhangelsk yankin, kuma mafi musamman da ƙauyuka kewaye da shi. A wannan wuri ne na farko manoma tsara toys daga cikin mafi araha a wadannan wurare abu - lãka.

Quite ban sha'awa shi ne, labarin Tarurrukan na kamun kifi. A dangane da sauran iri basira, Tarurrukan wanda aka shirya a Soviet sau, ma'adanin na toys Kargopol a Rasha a wani matsayi shi ya kusan rasa. Duk da haka, wasu samfurori da kayayyakin iya ajiye da kuma kawo wa yau godiya ga Ulyana Babkina. Ta ya iya ba da wani biyu rayuwa ga da zarar ya ɓata crafts hankali. Clay toys, photos of wanda aka gabatar a kasa gani duk individuality da kuma halaye na wuraren asalin.

Musamman bayyanar da Kargopol toys

Kargopol crafts, idan aka kwatanta da su da sauran dangi, da suke da daraja da su quite tsaoho views. Duk da haka, su ne quite recognizable su gyara man fuska fasali, style da kuma zane.

Mãkirci kasu siddan cikin 2 Categories:

• Toy labarin, da nuna karkara salon, kazalika da recreating tatsuniyoyi. Batutuwa iya zama mabanbanta - "The yarinya baya da wanki," "masunta", "Uku dawakai" da kuma kama.
• Vintage iri - iri iri dabbobi, Polkan (wani mutum da wani doki ta jiki), ƙayyade lõkaci (mace da na tattabarai a hannunsa).

A mafi muhimmanci na al'ada theme toys data ne "mace da kuma mahaifiyarsa," wanda suke da prototypes na bada rai-sojojin na "uwa - da damp duniya", kuma da rãna. A fi so tsakanin fashion Kargopol Masters mace adadi ne "Bobok."

Modern Masters iya fito da sabon batutuwa yayin da rike ãyõyi Kargopol toys. Yana kawai rubanya riga arziki yawan images of irin wannan sana'a.

Idan ka bi dukkan hadisai, fentin abun wasa adadi ne mai fararen, fentin a launi daban-daban, amma ba tare da sheki da kuma kayayyakin gyara. Duk da launuka iri-iri, inuwõwi, a ciki har da haske, shi ya dubi quite muffled. Face zanen ne quite sauki.

muhimmi alamu

Fentin lãka toys ne fairly sauki, amma yana daukan ta asalin daga zamanin da. Nan za ka iya ganin rectangles, ovals, Diamonds, shanyewar jiki, ratsi, speckles, QFontDatabase crosses. A tawada sa kunshi yafi na launin ruwan kasa, ocher, baki, kore, tubali ja da blue launuka. Kadan fiye kara azurfa da zinariya Paint.

Clay whistles: su ma'anar da kuma imani

Kamar yadda wani yaro ya play lãka abun wasa-whistles aka gane gwada da kwanan nan. A baya can, a cikin kwanaki na arna alloli, wadannan Figures sun sihiri muhimmanci. Sun kasance taƙawa, da mugayen ruhohi.

Pinezhsky hadin kai ya furta cewa, abun wasa ne iya yaudari cutar. A wannan manufa da kuma samun daban-daban whistles. Suna sau da yawa wanda ya canja a cikin nau'i na daban-daban dabbobi da tsuntsaye, wadda, in general, kuma shi ne da na gargajiya jigo na Rasha jama'a toys.

A yankin Tula akwai wani imani da cewa whistles iya dauka da lalacewar da mutum da kuma dawo da shi zuwa ga mutum wanda ya aiko shi. Wadanda ko sauran nau'o'in Figures iya taimaka daban-daban ailments. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, suka shirya gaban da taga kare yaro daga mugunta, kuma cuta.

A cikin karni na 19th a Vyatka gudanar da tsoho yanka ta yin amfani da abun wasa whistles, tsara don fitar da mugayen ruhohi da kuma jawo hankalin mai kyau. Wannan biki da aka kira "bedlam" ko "Whistler". Wadannan kwanaki, manya da yara aka shẽwa a cikin lãka whistles, tsunduma a yi rawa da ciwon fun.

Mene ne hali na handicrafts sanya daga lãka?

Ganin dukan aikin farkon da kuma na zamani Masters, ciki har da kasashen waje, za ka iya ganin yalwa da dama svistkovyh sana'o'i. Yana dogara a kan al'amurra da dama, ciki har da ta Birdie - wani kayan aiki na sokin ramuka a cikin wasan yara. Tare da tsawon dukan kayan bushe ne kusan guda - daga 80 mm zuwa 100 mm. Duk da haka, da giciye sashe na iya zama quite bambance bambancen - zagaye, m, ko rectangular.

Birdie kowane master - shi ne ya na sirri kayan aiki, yi da kansa, don haka da dabara ne duk daban-daban, da kuma sakamakon, bi da bi, daban-daban daga wasu. Duk da haka, an san hanyoyin domin samar da whistles cikakken ba tare da wani adaptations, inda a cikin shakka ne kawai da hannuwanku.

The darajar craft a cikin zamani duniya

Yin lãka toys - shi ne wani mutum da aiwatar ga kowane mutum. Very da amfani da irin wannan azuzuwan a makaranta da'irori. Tare da su taimako, za ka iya kiran a cikin yara sha'awa da kuma son na duniya al'adu, ci gaba da motor skills hannuwansu da m dandano, don horar da juriyarsu, juriya da kuma hakuri.

Properties na lãka cewa shi ne zartar da yi na toys

Ba shi da wuya a tsammani cewa lãka toys, ciki har da whistles, Ya sanya daga lãka. A cikin halitta nau'i za a iya samu a launi daban-daban, amma yawanci bayan harbe-harben da shi ta sauya launi zuwa fari, ko ja. Saboda haka, yana zama da aka sani da suna "belozhguschayasya" ko "krasnozhguschayasya".

lãka ajiya

Krasnozhguschayasya lãka yana cikin mafi girma da rarraba. An yawanci samu a kan gaba na tabkuna da koguna, ravines da gangara. Yana kuma iya iya samu a kan yi shafukan karkashin rami.

Amma ya kamata ka san cewa halitta lãka ko rayuwa shi ne ba ko da yaushe dace domin yi na handicrafts, tun da shi sau da yawa ya ƙunshi daban-daban impurities - kananan duwatsu, yashi da kuma kama. Clay da yashi har zuwa 5% da ake kira "m", da kuma daya a cikin abin da rabo daga yashi up to 30%, kira a matsayin "ramammu."

Don samar da high quality fito abu ya yi da talakawan mai abun ciki (10-15%).

Shiri na kasa domin aikin

Clay kullu ko yumbu taro, shi ne wata cakuda da cewa ya wuce a wasu tsari, bayan wanda shi ne shirya domin yin kumar kasko. A wani masana'antu sikelin domin wannan na musamman inji ake amfani -. Press, fuska, ball Mills, da dai sauransu Amma dukan tsari za a iya Sauki zuwa tsirar da shi a kananan yawa.

Akayi na fasahar:

• Kira na sauri a cikin lãka quarry. Kananan dunƙule abu dole ne na farko da za a ƙone a wutar, don tabbatar da suitability don amfani.
• A cikin tsabta surface bazu lumps da kuma bushe.
• Next, murkushe su, da kuma cire impurities data kasance kwakwalwan kwamfuta, da duwatsu, da ruwan wukake da ciyawa m. P.
• A ladabi taro ne don ƙara ruwa a cikin kudi na uku sassa da kuma wani sashi daga cikin ruwa lãka. A bayani da aka sosai gauraye.
• Rubuta nauyi tsayawar har kasa settles mafi wuya part (duwatsu da yashi). Sauran tãtacce ruwa dole ne a hankali drained.
• Bale tsakiya Layer daga lãka da nutsad da shi a cikin baho ko guga gypsum.
• Bada cakuda su bushe zuwa wani lokacin farin ciki gwajin yanayin, sa'an nan a lokacin aiki da shi ba zai tsaya hannayensu.
• Knead lãka cire wuce haddi da iska kumfa.
• A ingancin littattafai za a iya bari kamar haka: yi tourniquet tare da diamita na 15-20 mm, tanƙwara shi sannu a hankali a cikin rabin. Idan inflection wuri zauna da santsi, ba tare da fasa ko kusan ba tare da, to, wannan taro ya dace domin yi na whistles.
• Don dogara ajiye taro da aka sa a cikin wani roba jakar da kuma tam kusa da shi. Kamar yadda irin wannan, da yumɓun za a iya adana a kan tsawo na 'yan watanni. A bushe dunƙule, za ka iya ƙara kananan adadin ruwan da peremyat shi sosai.

Idan a cikin tsare-tsaren - yi kawai kamar wata whistles, ka yi kokarin amfani da samuwa abu ba tare da sama pre-magani. Clay daga wasu filayen shirye don amfani. Idan ba za ka iya shirya kayan da aka jera hanyoyi, sa'an nan shi za a iya saya a Enterprises tsunduma a cikin yi da yumbu kayayyakin, a art Stores ko online Stores.