EW hadaddun "Khibiny": yana nufin kayan aiki. EW "Khibiny" - abin da yake da shi?

Modern soja fasahar ne mai wuya ba tare da widest yiwu amfani da kayan lantarki. Radars, radars, shiriya yana nufin ga manufar ... All wannan a wani zamani yaki ne mai muhimmanci sosai. Ba mamaki, m injiniyoyi sun yaushe kokarin samar da tasiri wajen kashe rediyo m maƙiyi. Irin wannan shi ne REB "Khibiny".

asali bayanai

Mixed-amfani hadaddun, tsara don shigarwa a kan jirgin sama da fasaha, an ci gaba a R & D "Khibiny" a Kaluga. Cif zanen da aka nada a talented m Aleksandr Semenovich Yampolsky.

A Tarayyar Soviet a fagen aiki jamming farko niyya bincike ya fara a 1977. Tuni a shekarar 1984, da aikin sa a cikin halittar farko lantarki yaki da tsarin "Khibiny", wanda tun asali tsara musamman domin kafuwa a kan Su-34 jirgin sama. A shekarar 1990, jim kadan kafin rushewar SSSSR, na farko model da yawa sun shũɗe yarda da gwaje-gwaje a cikin wani musamman halitta jihar hukumar. Duk da rushewar jihar da kuma duk bawa matsaloli, da tsakiyar '90s aka ƙãre kwantena ga ci gaban da hadaddun.

Abin da shi ne kullum EW "Khibiny"? Its main rawa - kare jirgin sama ta hanyar makami mai linzami da kuma roka "iska-iska", wanda za a iya amfani da makiya matukan jirgi. Jigon ya mataki - hanawa daga abin da ya ƙunsa na wadannan makamai tsarin da saitin jamming.

gwajin

Su gwaje-gwaje da aka shirya domin karshen 1995. Jihar dubawa samfurori da aka hõre ma modified, a cikin abin da yawa shortcomings na baya model an gyarawa. Duk da wannan, wasu kasawan da aka gano a wannan lokaci. Kuma haka karshe zagaye na gwaji da aka kaddamar kawai a karshen watan Agusta 1997. A cikin bazara na 2004 EW "Khibiny" karshe an soma da Rasha Air Force, shiga da makami tsarin domin Su-34.

A watan Agusta 2013, shi ya sanya hannu da wani muhimmanci kwangila, a karkashin abin da m Enterprises zai yi da za a sanye take da kayan aiki da kusan dukkan jirgin sama model na Su-34 da kuma sauran samfurori da cewa fasahar iya dauka a kan irin wadannan makamai overboard. A kiyasta adadin aiki - fiye da rabin biliyan rubles. An zaci cewa a nan gaba cikin hadaddun EW "Khibiny" da aka saka a kan Su-30M da kuma irin wannan inji.

tarihi prototypes

A tsarin da farko prototypes hada da naúrar alhakin adanar halin yanzu mitoci amfani (Model TS). Fasali, akwai aka bi da kyautata tubalan na dijital da bata lokaci guntu alama "A". A wannan block aka yi amfani da latest aka gyara na wani "cell" jerin. Tun shekarar 1984, wadannan aka gyara na "Khibiny" ɓullo da a raba cibiyoyin bincike, a matsayin girma na aikin bai zakulu for guda kamfanin. A cikin shakka daga cikin siginar da bata lokaci line an kyautata wa 'A-M. "

Aiki tare da wakilan da Sukhoi Design ofishin

Ya kamata a lura da cewa na farko na aikin samfurin cewa shi ne cikakken daidai da fasaha aiki, kawai ba ya shige a cikin compartments na jirgin sama. Don kauce wa irin wannan blunders a nan gaba, designers fara hada gwiwa a hankali tare da Sukhoi Design ofishin a matakin qarshe. Yanzu dukan aiki na "Hibino" da aka karkashin jagorancin V. V. Kryuchkov.

farko flights

A shekarar 1990, na farko "jirgin" samfurin wuce duk matakai na yarda na jihar, ana hukumance gane dace da kafuwa a kan fama da jirgin sama, sarrafa ta Soviet Air Force. Na biyu da aka tsara musamman domin kafuwa a hinged ganga L-175B da kuma tsara na musamman ga shigarwa a kan da yawa model na mayakan da Su iyali. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da jirgin sama tare da wannan kayan aiki a kan jirgin na farko jirgin da ya faru a 1995.

Haka abin ya fara mataki na farko na karshe yarda gwaje-gwaje. Tuni a cikin shekara ta 1997, Ramenskoye Su-34 da L-175B shigar akwati da kuma nasarar tashi ya tafi da za'ayi a duk gwajin da abubuwa, wanda aka sa kafin designers hadaddun.

Shi nan da nan ya bayyana cewa da wuya tattalin arziki halin da ake ciki a kasar ba da sauri fadada samar da sabon Su-34 a isa yawa da kuma da kansu kwantena L-175B ba cewa sauki don saukar lantarki yaƙi hadaddun. A daidai wannan lokaci shi suka fara samar da sabon version of "Khibiny" domin kariya daga wani dukan kungiyar jirgin sama. Yana da aka zaci cewa wannan canji na hadaddun za a iya amfani da tsaro kungiyoyin na kai harin da mayakan masu jerin gwanon a echelon murfin.

The zane na da yawa abubuwa da aka musamman Sauki, wanda significantly rage kudin da dukan hadaddun. A wannan lokaci na EW shiga kwantena U1 da U2. A peculiarity na irin} ir} shi ne cewa su aiki mita ne gaba daya m da cewa na "Khibiny". A gaskiya, shi ne wata high ikon riwayar cewa za a iya amfani ba kawai don kara da ikon tushe hadaddun, amma ko da ga manufa nadi.

wasu kwantena

A karo na biyu biyu sun kwantena model SH1 da W0. Wannan shi ne suna da wata iyaka mitar rediyo, da cika fuska daban-daban daga "Khibiny" babban hadaddun. Su yi amfani da wani mabanbanta daga parental kula da dabaru da kuma saboda haka za a iya amfani da shi don samar da wani jammer, ya fi dacewa da irin. Kila, bayan da daidaituwa da duk aukuwa a wannan filin da wani sa na lantarki yaƙi "Khibiny" ML-265 da aka halitta.

A wannan canji, akwai yiwuwar yin amfani da hadaddun a general ba tare da kwantena. Saboda haka, Su-35 kayan aiki ne hadedde kai tsaye a cikin airframe. A kan aiwatar da samar da wani sabon model, "Khibiny-60", yadu amfani da aiyuka ilmin lissafi tallan kayan kawa, kunna high daidaituwa a hango ko hasashen da hali na hadaddun a wani iri-iri na fama da yanayi, ko matsananci. Af, wannan m aka yi amfani da kadan a baya, a cikin aiwatar da samar da hadaddun KS418.

A abun da ke ciki na "Khibiny"

Saboda haka, abin da ya hada da EW tsarin "Khibiny"? A nan ne ta asali kayan aiki:

• The "zuciya" na hadaddun ne RER "Proran" ko ta more zamani takwarorinsu, mafi yawan abin bayanai ne classified.
• Ainihin tsarin shigar jamming "Regatta". Mafi m, a halin yanzu amfani da more zamani da kuma nagartaccen takwarorinsu. Wannan kayan aiki za a iya located a cikin akwati, da kuma shigar kai tsaye a cikin airframe.
• Kamar yadda muka ce, EW "Khibiny" yana nufin kuma sun hada da wani inji tsara don samar da aiki tsangwama tare da kariya daga jirgin sama raka'a. Saka a cikin akwati. Ainihin bayani dalla-dalla ne ba a sani ba.
• Unit domin adanar a daidai mita. TS model.
• A karshe, mun yi amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa tsarin na high ikon sarrafa kwamfuta, da kuma ta yi daidai halaye ma zama wani asiri.

Amma ga kudin na wannan irin na makamai, kamar yadda na 2014 da farashin mai sa ne ba kasa da 123 miliyan rubles.

Fasaha halaye na hadaddun

Ka yi la'akari da babban fasaha halaye na wani hali hadaddun located a cikin akwati. Matsayin mai mulkin, wannan layin yana amfani da wani tsohon amma da kyau-da tabbatar L-175B / L-265:

• tsawon - 4,95 m.
• diamita - 35 cm.
• nauyi - 300 kg.

Field wasanni jamming

• A gaba da raya hemispheres zoba kansu ne +/- 45 digiri.
• Inji ELINT iya aiki yadda ya kamata a mita na 1.2 ... 40 GHz.
• The sosai aiki jamming tsarin aiki a mitoci na 4 ... 18 GHz.
• The aiki mita na hadaddun zuwa rufe jirgin mahadi - 1 ... 4 GHz.
• Total ikon amfani ne 3600 watts.

Basic matakai domin samar da hadaddun

• A farko samfur na "Proran". A wannan mataki, shi yana bunkasa kewayon lantarki m.
• "Regatta". A wannan yanayin, da injiniyoyi sun yi aiki kai tsaye a kan halittar kayan aiki, wanda za a iya amfani da samar da aiki tsangwama.
• A karshe, cikin tashar kanta EW "Khibiny" an halitta, wadda aka samu ta hanyar hada "Proran" da "regatta".
• Ci gaba da kuma samar da model "Hibiny-10B." Wannan musamman gyara tsara za a shigar a kan jirgin sama T-10B / Su-34.
• KC-418E hadaddun. Tsara don ba fitarwa Su-24MK / Su-24MK2. A fili, matuƙar tsaftacewa da model bai kammala ba, kuma kamar yadda na yau.

Modern versions hadaddun

• "Khibiny-M10 / M6".
• Gyara na "Khibiny-60."
• "Container" hadaddun na L-265 / L-265M10. Exclusive version, wanda a halin yanzu kawai a kan yi amfani da Su-35 jirgin sama.
• Mai modified da kuma ladabi version of "Khibiny-U". An farko da aka nuna a cikin iska show MAKS-2013. An sani cewa a lokaci guda wata yarjejeniya da aka sanya hannu zuwa Dutsen hadaddun a kan duk m jirgin sama na dabara jirgin sama. Sa'an nan kuma ya zama sananne cewa lantarki za a posted a kan Su-30cm.
• A mafi m model, "dabba irin kunama". Its ci gaba da kuma yin amfani da kusan kome da aka sani.

Wanne jirage suna amfani da wani m?

Kamar yadda ka gani daga labarin, babban jirgin sama dako na da irin wannan kayan aiki - Products Sukhoi. A dalilai domin wannan mun riga na faɗa. Saboda haka babu wani abu abin mamaki a cikin wadannan jerin:

• Su-34 za a iya saka akwati 175B-A / A-175VE, wanda za a iya sanya shi a cikin wani m tashar EW "Khibiny".
• A Su-35 mafi sau da yawa Bears model "M" a sanya a cikin A-265.
• Su-30cm shirya ya ba kawai "Khibiny-U".

Gwaji da kuma aikace-aikace a cikin yanayi kusa da fama

A mataki na farko na jihar gwaje-gwaje, mun riga ya faɗa. Lokacin da har yanzu a amfani EW "Khibiny" tsarin? An ruwaito cewa, a shekarar 2000, wasu lokaci bayan harin da Chechnya mayakan a Afghanistan, da Air Force aka binciko yin amfani da Su-34 ya rufe Su-24-wake. Hakika, shigar a kan Su-24 EW "Khibiny" zai iya muhimmanci kara da rayuwa kudi na wadannan jirgin sama a fama.

Haka kuma an sani cewa kwangila da aka sanya hannu, a 2013, na samar da ga cikin wadata da babu kasa da 92 gidaje a cikin sojojin. A Naira Miliyan Xari da kwangila - game da 12 biliyan rubles. Mafi m, da jirgin sama (shi ba a san abin da mãsu) dole ne a sanye take da kayan aiki ba daga baya fiye da 2020.

A cikin Afrilu 2014 gwaje-gwaje da aka za'ayi kusa da fada. A wannan yanayin, EW kayan aiki "Khibiny" An domin kare da Su-34. Yana da aka zaci cewa sun zai kama wani m maƙiyi jirage, abin da suke a cikin rawar da MiG-31. A sakamakon wadannan gwaje-gwaje ya ba tukuna aka ruwaito.

"Cook" da "Khibiny": gaskiya labarin ko almarar?

A watan Afrilu na wannan shekara, akwai daya ban sha'awa labarin a kan da yawa shafukan. Mutane da yawa natsuwa kafofin sa shi nan da nan a cikin "Hasashe" sashe. Wannan shi aka faɗa musu game da EW "Khibiny"? "Donald Kuk", wanda yake shi ne Afrilu 12, 2014 ya faru game da Crimea, aka zargin "farmaki" da Su-24, da kuma kida a hukumar "shake", tare da taimakon da hadaddun. Duk da haka, nan da nan da labarin da irin wannan abun da sauri cire, kamar yadda ya juya waje da wadannan:

• Hakika, "Bushewa" gaske Flied jirgin.
• Babu maƙiya aiki ba kama bangarorin.
• "Khibiny" shi ne a halin yanzu a kan Su-24 da aka bai sanya (wannan shi ne debatable).
• A kayan aiki da wannan aji ne kawai ba su iya kashe da lantarki ba da karami jirgin.

Saboda haka, za mu dubi EW "Khibiny". Mene ne wannan? A gaskiya, wannan ci-gaba da tsarin na lantarki yaƙi, kyale fama jirgin sama ya motsa daga maƙiyi makamai masu linzami, yin karan su atomatik shiriya tsarin.