Gidon Kremer: biography da ayyukansu

Daga cikin da yawa violinists wanda ya ba da duniya da al'adun Soviet music makaranta, Kramer yana da wani wuri na musamman. Talent, yawaita da babban aiki iya aiki, da mai bayyana jama'a wuri - duk wadannan halaye sanã'anta shi babban girma a ko'ina cikin duniya. Babban abu ne ya sãɓã, Gidon Kremer, tun lokacin da ya aikata aiki - bin na ginin jumla richness, don gano sababbin fuskoki dabam-dabam na ibada.

Wannan aka nuna a cikin selection domin gudanar da ayyukansu na composers wanda ya nemi sabon siffofin - da sabon abu da kuma asali. A wasan kwaikwayon na gargajiya goge, ya - a virtuoso a cikin mafi girman ma'anarta.

Violin a tsara ta huɗu,

Ya farko tsince da kayan aiki a hannunsa, sa'ad da yake hudu da rabi shekaru. Gidon Kremer ya sau da yawa ya ce abin da ya ƙaddara aka hatimce kafin a haife shi. The iyali duka violinists, kuma da ikon for music aka wuce a kan wani kayyade matakin. A lokacin da a Fabrairu 1947 a Riga a cikin iyali na Marianne da Marcus Karlovna Povich Kremer da wani ɗa, da zabi ga music aiki da jũna halitta.

Masu juna biyu kakan - Karl Bruckner - aka sani a Turai, da kuma mai kada violin musicologist, kuma a cikin Riga - wani farfesa a Conservatoire. Ya aka kuma haife shi a wani iyali na kida a Jamus, kuma tare da zuwan na Nazis aka tilasta gudun hijira, da farko a Estonia, sa'an nan a Latvia. Zai yiwu, in da rabo daga cikin kõre, kuma kakansa, da kuma mahaifinsa, wanda iyali yana da fiye da mutane 30 - wadanda ke fama da Holocaust, za mu iya ganin asalin ra'ayin siyasa Gidon, wanda ya ko da yaushe sun nuna rashin amincewa da jihar tashin hankali a kan mutum, a kan m kasa shiri a kowane matakin.

School of kyau

Da farko malami Gidon Kremer ya ko da yaushe dauke mahaifinsa. Daga shi sai ya ɗauki ainihin tunanin da za su iya kawai ci ta hanyar aiki. Kamar yadda ya bayyana ta Markus Filippovich, da dabara na wasa da goge shi ne zama dole don Master da shekaru 16, in ba haka ba zai zama da latti. Saboda haka, kullum sa'o'i na azuzuwan sun zama sananne ga sanannen mawaki daga wani wuri shekaru. Samun methodical m ilimi, sai ya fara karatu a Riga Music School. Emilya Darzinya.

A shekarar 1965, ya mayar da su cikin babban birnin kasar na Tarayyar Soviet, suka shiga Moscow Conservatory, inda ya zama wani almajiri daga cikin m violin Davida Oystraha. Daga farkon horo na matasa dalibi ya so ya kashe mafi zahiri da wuya ƙwarai, kuma ta ƙarshen kide da ya sanã'anta daraja na wannan virtuoso, wanda ne muhimmi a cikin wannan musamman musicality da kuma zurfin fahimtar biyu gargajiya Masterpieces da sabon yayi a cikin art na goge.

A farko fitarwa

A ƙarshen shekara aji na babban Oistrakh, a 1969, Gidon Kremer taka rawa a cikin Violin Competition a Genoa. A gasar shirin ya hada tsakanin sauran abubuwa da kisan son zũciyõyin Paganini, sunansa da kuma sa wannan sanannen gasar. The matasa Soviet violin lashe farko kyauta. A wannan shekarar ya zama da lashe na biyu kyauta a cikin gargajiya hamayya na wanda aka gudanar a birnin Montreal, aka rasa na farko wuri Vladimira Spivakova.

A mafi muhimmanci mataki a cikin cin gaban makadi ta aiki ya fara Tchaikovsky Competition a Moscow. A shekarar 1970, mai shi na farko kyauta a cikin violinists Gidon Kremer fara. Photos of matasa artist buga duk manyan music wallafe a dukan duniya. M nasara sanya shi cikin matasa violin sunan gaske rare. Tun da shi ya fara wani aiki concert aiki Kremer a wurare a fadin duniya.

hijira

Ya taba tunanin kansa a matsayin wata hujja DiSSiDENT, da kuma jawabansa har yanzu ji sha'aninsu dabam da al'adu na kasar, wanda ya rushe a farkon shekarun 1990s, da kuma wanda ya zama magaji na Tarayyar Soviet. Amma bai taba yi kokarin shige zuwa cikin aikin hukuma Soviet rai, wanda aka kayyade ta umarnin da jami'an da kuma akida jikinsu. Daga cikin music ya zaɓi ya yi mai yawa wanda aka ba da shawarar da management, da yawa ayyukan waɗanda suka mallakar na zargi Soviet da kuma reactionary yammacin composers.

Ya kasance abokai da Alfredom Shnitke, ya kasance na farko mai yi wa music. Ya taka leda Sofyu Gubaydullinu, Edison Denisov, Giya Kancheli - composers wanda aikin ba ya shige a cikin tsari da kuma abun ciki a cikin tsarin na ra'ayi daidai art. Violin, wani tsohon lashe yawa na kasa da kasa gasa, aka ba bayar da wani aikin hukuma lakabi a gida.

A shekarar 1980, a cikin waɗanda suka bar Tarayyar Soviet da kuma sunansa da aka dakatar a kasar, ya juya ya Gidon Kremer. Biography of violin ya tun da aka hade da Jamus. A farko concert a mahaifarsa bayan hutu dauki kawai shekaru goma daga baya.

manyan al'amurra

A nasa ne da masu kida da suka ji nisha da shakatawa mafi bai isa a kula fasalin da ya art. Ka yi la'akari da masu sauraro iya gane music, daban-daban daga ciyar da kuma tabbatar da kayayyaki, ya ce mafi m da ita. Saboda wannan, Kremer sau da yawa rikice-rikice da rikodin kamfanoni da concert shirya, wanda ba ya so ya hadarin da jama'a ta da hankali, miƙa ta sabon abu da kuma gwaji ayyukansu, music bukatar wani shafi tunanin mutum da kuma wani tunanin kokarin.

Violin classic da ya rage a gare shi da asali abu don live wasanni. Music masoya yaba masa musamman fassarar ayyukan da aka jera a matsayin rare category. A wannan yanayin, Gidon Kremer na Schnittke, Gubaidulina na game da Astor Piazzolla, Filippe Glasse ce, kamar yadda wani m kololuwa ba kasa gagarumin fiye da Bach, Beethoven ko Tchaikovsky. Saka masu sauraro hanya a gare su - a aiki cancanci duk wani tsanani artist.

Gvadalini, Stradivari, Guarneri, Amati

Shahararren virtuoso Kremer da zarar ya ce, wannan ba ya jin dangane da kayan aiki da cewa yana da kwarewa na wasa da goge zamani ayyukansu. A lokaci guda, ya jaddada dangantaka ta musamman tsakanin mawaki da kayan aikinsa, wanda shi ne wani lokacin sufi. Jituwa na wadannan dangantaka iya cimma wannan sihiri, ya ce Kremer. Gidon Markusovich ce cewa ya yi sa'a a yi wasa a kan fice samfurori da kisa da wannan baiwa.

Violin sanya Dzhovanni Batista Gvadalini, ya gada daga kakansa - Karla Bryuknera. Ta taimake shi ya ci Tchaikovsky Competition. A rayuwarsa sun Stradivarius da Guarneri, wanda ya ba da kida daga cikin shahararrun jam'iyya ƙungiyar makaɗa da ya kafa "Kremerata Baltica". Yau, shi taka har ma fiye da zamanin da kida, halitta a 1641, aikin Nicolo Amati.

A kan tafi

Shi ne a akai jirgin. Wurare da dama a recitals, wasanni da matasa Baltic kida taru a "Kremerata Baltica", tare da wannan nasara. Ya yi cikinsa da kuma shirya da bẽne, Music Festival a Lockenhaus, Austria, wanda ya wanzu for fiye da uku da suka gabata. Kremer ya wallafa littattafai da dama da autobiographical litattafan, ya aka rayayye amsa ga manyan abubuwan da suka faru, ciki har da wuri a Rasha.

"Don wannan rana, koyon rayuwa ...!" - don haka ya rubuta a cikin wata kasida da Gidon Kremer. Personal rayuwa a matsayin wani mawaki ne quite jitu. 'Yar - Anastasia da kuma rare a Rasha actress da kuma TV Lika Kremer - by nasa m, ci gaba da yardar mahaifinsa har yanzu. Da tsare-tsaren da mawaki - don matsar da zuwa m wurin zama a cikin tarihi mahaifarsa, ba tare da rage taki na m aiki.