Girkawar domin samar da gini tubalan da hannuwansu. Masana'antu na da gini tubalan

Gini tubalan ne na kowa abu domin gina Tsarin for dalilai daban-daban. Suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin size, sinadaran, Hanyar yi, amma an bukaci tsarin walling abu. A gini tubalan ake samar a masana'antu yanayi, iyali kayayyakin ma sa kankare da cinder tubalan, wanda na bukatar shigarwa domin samar da gini tubalan da hannuwansu. Abu domin yi na wadannan kayayyakin ya kasu kashi da wadannan iri:

• cinder.
• kankare.
• Tubalan Ginin sawdust.
• aerated kankare.
• fibropenobetona.
• Polystyrene.

Cinder tubalan kamar gini abu

Shlakoblok yana nufin misali kankare kayayyakin, amma maimakon nauyi tsakuwa da crushed dutse tara amfani a cikin nau'i na sharar slag. Irin wannan canji abu imparts lightness a kwatanta da kankare da ƙarin rufi Properties, tun da thermal watsin coefficient slag tagomashi daga nauyi da kuma m MacAdam.

iska tubalan samar na samar da daidai sashi na gyara a cikin bayani, wato:

• iri da sumunti ba kasa da 400, ko 500, yana daukan daya rabo (guga).
• yashi rami, an gauraye 3 sassa (buckets).
• slag, hadayu tubali, kankare block, da kayan da aka kara a cikin wani adadin 5 sassa (buckets).
• ruwa.

Domin cinder tubalan guda ingancin kamar yadda a cikin factory, ta amfani matsakaici daidaito danko sosai bayani. Grout tubalan zai rage karfin da m halitta uncontrolled voids a lokacin solidification ciki.

kankare tubalan

Tubalan Ginin sanya na sumunti, yashi, kuma murƙushe dutse aka yi amfani da shiri na bango da kuma da sauran fannin jiki, idan so ya karu ƙarfi. A rabo ga misali kankare aka gyara dauka a cikin rabo 1: 3: 6, mafi kankare embodiments da aka bayyana a cikin tunani littattafai magini aiki da kuma dogara a kan alama na sumunti, tara size da kuma irin yashi.

Tubalan Ginin sawdust

Domin gina gidajen zama, gidãjensu ne, Villas, cottages yin amfani da haske da dumi bango abu daga sawdust, yashi da kuma ruwa. M bangaren protrudes lemun tsami bayani. The adadin kayan kara da bayani canjãwa da kaddarorin karshe samfurin. Kara sawdust taro take kaiwa zuwa sama kadan insulating Properties, amma rage ƙarfi. By kara yawa na yashi a cikin bayani ne da karuwa a ƙarfi, wannan qara sanyi da iyaka, wanda qara yi na kayan. An tattara tubalan yadu a yi amfani da zaman kansa gidaje yi, kamar yadda rufi for thermal rufi constructions.

Babban abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin tubalan ne kayan kasancewa da low price, wata mudda ta amfani ba tare da keta, muhalli tsarki na kasa, da sauƙi na shirye-shiryen. Girkawar domin samar da gini tubalan da hannuwansu a cikin yin samuwa da kuma rare daga m Masters. Opilkobeton bambanta da karin bushewa lokaci, don haka a cikin 'yan kayayyakin sa ta hanyar ramukan don fi iska ci.

Girma sawdust tubalan ba tsananin kayyade, su nisa index samu mahara bango kauri. Magana da misali girma dabam, da tubalan da aka yi da biyu kauri tubalin (140mm - 65h2 + 10 cm). Lokacin da Manufacturing sawdust duwatsu gauraye bushe sinadaran na farko, sa'an nan kuma ƙara ruwa don yin amfani da turmi.

Aerated kankare gini tubalan

Su shiri ya shafi wani hadadden tsari na gas jikewa na bayani, wanda a gida da wuya a haifa. Tubalan Ginin aerated kankare ne haske, high amo hujja, zafi insulating Properties.

Fibropenobetona kayayyakin for masonry

Fibropenobetona ne inherently tsabtace muhalli bango abu, dauke da wani ɓangare na yashi, kumfa da sumunti. High-tech kayan gini tubalan fesa kumfa nauyin da mafita, shi Forms uniform barbashi kewaye sarari. Don ƙara ƙarfin da tubalan, masana'antun yin amfani da polyamide fiberglass ƙarfafa cikin taro. Wannan bango abu ne sosai m, ba batun lalata, hur kuma m.

Tubalan su fibropenobetona samuwa a daban-daban masu girma dabam. Domin tsarin ganuwar ta amfani da block size 20h30h60 cm, wanda weighs 22 kg. Domin gina ganuwar sanya na tubalin da wannan size bukatar 18 duwatsu, za su auna 72 kg. Tubalan karami kauri (10 cm) ana amfani da gina ganuwar a gine-gine, partitions, su ne makaran benaye, katangu. Fibropenobetona thermal watsin kasa da cewa bulo, 2.7 sau da sau 2 kasa da cinder da rakushnyaka.

Manyan block masu girma dabam rage yin amfani da ciminti-yashi turmi for masonry 20 sau kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da gina ganuwar kananan-sized duwatsu. Fibropenobetona ba ƙona lokacin da fallasa su high yanayin zafi ba ya canja kamannin da ba emit cutarwa impurities karkashin dumama.

A tubalan na polystyrene

Abu ne wani nau'in haske kankare tubalan. Daga misali kankare shi ya bambanta da mafi yi da kuma rage samar da halin kaka. The m bango abu ta fi gaban duk aka sani hur kankare da nauyi, ko da ta wuya kumfa a cikin rabin. Saboda wannan awo da gidaje ana gina ba tare da saba m tushe, a yanka a kan kayan sufuri.

Production na polystyrene tubalan ya shafi hankali fili na sumunti, yashi, barbashi na polystyrene da kuma musamman Additives ga riƙe iska a total nauyi. All sauran jiki halaye na kayan sa shi a daraja sama da yadda ya saba kayan. Low ruwa sha da ruwa tururi permeability yi penopolistirolbeton barga ya maimaita daskarewa da kuma thawing, wanda rinjayar da karko na gina jiki. Bayan da erection daga cikin ganuwar daga tuta kayan akwai wani kadan shrinkage a cikin shakka daga cikin shekara. A cikin hali na polystyrene tubalan ne babu jira.

Girkawar domin samar da gini tubalan da hannuwansu

Domin yi na ginin Tsarin amfani da musamman na'urar da cewa aiki a kan manufa da vibroprotsessora.

Irin wannan vibrostanok ko fašakarwar tebur da aka gina da kansa. Girkawar domin samar da gini tubalan, tare da sanya hannunsa, muhimmanci rage kudin da raka'a, bi da bi, da kuma ganuwar da gidan.

Shiri na bayani

A bayani da aka shirya daga yashi, siminti, ruwa da kuma tara, wanda ake amfani da daban-daban kayan kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama. Don duba da daidaito da mafita daga ƙarƙashinsu a kananan adadin simintin a kasa. Ingantaccen shimfidawa na ruwa cakuda gudana a lokacin da matsa a cikin dunkulallen hannu shi sandunansu tare a dunƙule.

shlakoblokov samarwa ya shafi tsaftace slag daga extraneous tarkace, ba za a fallasa su a bayani na kwakwalwan kwamfuta, guda na unburned kwal. Wani lokaci plaster bayani da aka kara. A wannan yanayin uku guda na slag ne gauraye da daya - gypsum, ruwa da aka gabatar a lokaci guda. Wannan bayani da ake amfani da sauri, kamar yadda filastar taurare a cikin minti. Pre slag kafin tsari soaking ruwa. Domin kyautata samfurin quality a fitarwa na wani halin yanzu ƙari bayani kara plasticizer. Su mataki qara sanyi juriya, ruwa juriya da kuma inji ƙarfi daga tubalan.

Dangane da manufar sanya iri biyu kankare tubalan - m, kuma m. A farko da ake amfani da su gina karfi Tsarin, load-hali ganuwar, ginin. Nau'i na biyu na tubalan da aka yi amfani a matsayin wani shãmaki abu, shi insulates da walling na sanyi da kuma extraneous sautuna.

Production na kankare tubalan ba tare da vibrotable

Na biyu fasahar amfani da wani katako, mold cewa an nufi ga yada halitta vibration free bayani, a kai bã tãre da nakasãwa bukatar. A dakin da aka shirya a cikin bayani nau'i ne yake aikata a dama, saukarwa. A farko ganga mai cike da wani bayani da daya-uku, sa'an nan a hankali yi ƙaras-ƙaras guduma ganuwar samar da kewaye ga ingancin shrinkage na kankare bayani. A na gaba biyu bulan na bayani zuba farko fasahar cika form. Production na gini tubalan da voids ya hada da samun, a lokacin da saka a cikin uncured bayani biyu roba ruwa kwalabe, wanda aka cire bayan kafa.

Siffofin bar for 2-5 kwana ta bushe. Sa'an nan a hankali cire daga collapsible tsarin raka'a da kuma dage farawa daga kan trays bushe. Machine ga shlakoblokov ba da ake bukata domin samun da wannan hanya na yi.

Daga cikin kayan aikin da na'urorin da ake bukata: sieve for sieving yashi kyawon tsayuwa ga bayani ko kneading ƙullunku mahautsini, guduma tapping, guga, a shebur, a trowel, trays for bushewa.

Hanyar masana'antu ta amfani da faɗakarwar inji raka'a

Don yin wannan, saya ko samar a kan nasu fašakarwar inji cinder tubalan. A musamman nau'i na ƙarfe yana a muhallinsa a cikin na'urar jirgin, da kuma kankare mix tare da wani filler na slag aka zuba a cikin shi ga daya bisa uku part. Bayan da aka haɗa ta mataki na da faɗakarwar tebur don har zuwa 20 seconds, kyale ka ka cire bayani daga duk ba dole ba iska kumfa, kuma samun mai kyau ciminti shrinkage. A bayani da aka zuba a cikin wani mold sau uku. Tubalan cire daga mold kazalika a cikin masana'antu Hanyar ba tare da vibration.

Cinder block peresushki ba jure zafi weather a bude hasken rana, don haka shi ne a cikin zafi kwanaki, yayyafa da ruwa da kuma rufe oilcloth ko littafin Cellophane, to ba rayayye ƙafe da danshi. Kafa gaba daya bushe da tubalan na kankare riba na 100% ƙarfi a kan 28th rana, sa'an nan su ne shirye don amfani a yi.

Musamman fasali na iska tubalan

Kyawon tsayuwa kerarre da kansa, da ake ji wannan karfe ko da itace, da nisa daga cikin jirgin sama a kalla 190-200 mm. Su hade a prefabricated yi, da gefen rabo wanda aka ware domin extracting da ƙãre naúrar. A] aukacin zane a hade ba fiye da 6 Kwayoyin ga kwanciya kankare. A ƙãre yi aka saka a kan m hana ruwa abu, misali roba takardar kafa kasa na mold.

Idan littattafai na katako siffar zabi, shi ne pretreated da impregnation ko primers kara danshi juriya. Siffofin sanya busassun itace. Wadannan yanayi da ake cika, ko a cikin tsari na itace gubar daga cikin ruwa, da kuma zai canja lissafi size na block. A misali size daga cikin duwatsun da suke dauke 400h200h200 mm, amma kowane manufacturer-zaman kansa ciniki yin raka'a karkashin ta yi.

Domin karfe matrix zanen gado da ake dauka ba fiye da 3-4 mm lokacin farin ciki. Lokacin da waldi Tsarin duk welds yi a waje, don haka kamar yadda ba su kewaye kashe sasanninta na block. Voids ciki shlakobloka yi amfani da segments daga karfe bututu na dace diamita, misali 80 mm. Sarrafa nesa tsakanin shambura da kuma kau daga ganuwar, da abun da ke ciki tube welded for rigidity da kam.

Idan kun yi da kayan aiki domin yi na gina tubalan, a lokacin da kayyade da vibrator ga tebur bayan da murkushe su ko da dan kadan welded waldi. Motor dole rufe m cover na wani abu daga cikin SPRAY bayani, ruwa, da ƙura.

Samar da fasaha opilkobeton tubalan

Samuwa kayan ba a baya bi da, da kuma za su iya saya a wani kantin sayar da hardware, don haka ga yi na tubalan da yashi, lemun tsami da kuma sawdust fara nan da nan bayan da saye. Amfani domin hadawa da mafita mahautsini ko turmi mahautsini, kamar yadda hannu gauraye itace tõzarta wuya.

Dry sawdust, haƙĩƙa, sun shige ta hanyar babban sieve, gauraye da yashi da siminti. Don bayani, lemun tsami ko dafa shi yanã lãka kullu. A sakamakon cakuda da aka gauraye da kyau sa'an nan kawai ruwa da aka kara da cewa, ta hanyan zuba shi sannu a hankali a cikin kananan rabo. Domin sanin samuwar ta bayani ne matsa a hannunka, sa'an nan a dunƙule kamata zama yatsansa, ya nuna cewa daidai rabbai.

Kafin ciko da bayani Forms bakin ciki Layer da rufi sawdust. Ciki ramuka a cikin tubalan kada ta amfani da katako matosai 70-80 mm a size, wanda aka saka a cikin wani matrix bayani kafin zuba. gini tubalan Material tam dage farawa a cikin mold, da ake ji na musamman rammer. Capacity cika su zuwa saman da kuma hagu zuwa bushe kwana uku. Bayan karshen wannan lokaci, da mafita ne samun game da 40% na a-juriya.

Siffofin dismantled, da tubalan da aka bushe kwanaki hudu, bayan da karfin zama 70% na da iyaka da wuri. Gama kayayyakin a kan pallets da kuma matsawa tsari daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Bushewa raka'a ne sauri idan a lokacin ajiya barin gibba tsakanin articles. A bu mai kyau a saka trays a wani daftarin ko amfani a fan domin tilasta hurawa.

Opilkobeton tubalan samun 100% ƙarfi a bayan bushewa for 3 watanni, amma su yin amfani da izini a cikin wata daya airing. A wannan lokaci, su ƙarfi ne 90%.

Inji da kuma kayan aiki

Don sa ake bukata yawan tubalan domin gina samun shirye vibrostructural na'ura. Good yi daban-daban iri TL-105. Ko da yake iyãwarsa ne kawai 0,55 kW, shi samar a kowace awa, game da 150 kankare tubalan da daban-daban fillings. Its m darajar a kasuwar aka kiyasta a 42.800 rubles. Modern masana'antun na inji kayan aikin samar da dama iri na inji don samar da tubalan da ƙarin fasali. Prices ga daban-daban da inji, da kuma kudin gini tubalan kai tsaye dogara a kan shi.

Ga wani karamin zaman kansa gini dace vibrostanok 1IKS, koda halin kaka game da 17 000, ikon - kawai 0,15 kW, samar da irin wannan kayan aiki 30 raka'a awa. Siyan na'ura, la'akari da matakin na samar raka'a domin yi bukatun.

A ƙarshe, ya kamata a lura da cewa samar da gini tubalan nasa yawa za su ajiye kudi a kan samar da dukiya. The kudin farashin ba la'akari a wannan albashi, biya da ma'aikaci. Naúrar kudin da aka ba kara zuwa sama da kuma samar da halin kaka, haraji da kuma sauran zargin, haka yin ginin abu ne mai rahusa gidajensu.