Graphite: narkewa zafin jiki, Properties da kuma aikace-aikacen kwamfuta

Graphite tana nufin ma'adanai da cewa su ne daban-daban versatility a m amfani. Shi ne m shirki da shi tare da canza launi al'amarin, kuma amma wannan ba a iyakance ga iyawarsa. A lokaci guda daya ba zai iya yin magana da universality na yin amfani da wannan abu, saboda ta lebur sifa da kuma kayyade ikon yinsa, daga aikace-aikace. Ba a ma maganar da bukatar musamman aiki yanayi. Gaskiyar cewa da narkewa batu na graphite a digiri Celsius iya isa 2800 ° C, wanda ke bukatar hannu na musamman wuraren da yi na karshe kayayyakin.

Properties na graphite

Daga cikin manyan yi halaye na ma'adinai gano thermal watsin, ikon aiki a matsayin mai shugaba na lantarki da softness na tsarin, wanda, duk da haka, ba ko da yaushe wani da graphite articles. Tare da girmamawa ga thermal watsin, ya kai gare shi 2400 W / (m * K) ko fiye. Wannan kudi ya dogara da tsari da kuma yawa daga cikin kayan. Mahimmanci, graphite, da narkewa zazzabi da aka bambanta a cikin kewayon 2500 - 3000 ° C, shi ya zama softer tsarin. Wannan zai iya zama fa'ida don kara watsuwar ma'adinai Properties na waya, amma zafi magani da cika fuska rage jiki ƙarfi halaye. A sakamakon haka, graphite iya zama kamar yadda tasiri a matsayin karfe a cikin wutar lantarki tsari, amma saboda fragility zai zama unusable a wani sosai manual aiki.

ma'adinai ma daban-daban reactivity a lamba tare da amsawa abubuwa, ciki har da salts da kuma Alkali karafa. Duk da haka, wannan ya dogara da yanayi a wanda yake graphite. Da narkewa batu na game da 2800 ° C (a da ma'adinai da aka mayar da martani tare da oxygen) na iya haifar da konewa zuwa carbon dioxide samuwar.

narkewa batu

Da bakan yanayin zafi a wadda narkewa iya samu graphite ne sosai bambancin. Yawanci ya dangana, misali, daga karshen manufofinta na aiki. Zazzabi ma sanin da muhalli da yanayi da kuma halaye na musamman ma'adinai, da kuma bin zafi magani a lokacin karin hanyar influencing da graphite. Da narkewa zafin jiki a wanda yake zai yiwu a samu wani shirin yin amfani da graphite, jeri daga 2600 zuwa 3800 ° C. Har ila yau aikata lissafi Kelvin. A wannan yanayin, shi riga ya kai 4000 ° K, amma wannan darajar iya ƙara dangane da matsa lamba nuna alama. Yawanci, da narkewa na graphite samar a karkashin matsin 105 - 130 mashaya.

tafasar batu

Da bukatar zafi magani ne saboda kasuwanci nemi su gyara wasan kwaikwayon na kayan domin ya haifar da mafi tasiri kayayyakin. Kadan amfani da hanyoyin kawo a tafasa da ma'adinai, amma su ba ka damar inganta wasu kaddarorin da tsarin. Tambayar da abin da yake da narkewa zafin jiki da kuma tafasar zafin jiki na graphite sau da yawa ya shafi saka wannan fanni - daga 3800 zuwa 4200 ° C. Ƙananan dokin ma'anar Jihar narkewa, da kuma na sama - tafasasshen abu. Sa'an nan, dangane da halaye na graphite kuma ta bambance-bambancen karatu da yanayi na thermal tasiri a samun ake so jihar na ma'adinai - tafasar ko narkewa batu - zai iya converge.

samun fasahar

Kusan duk na graphite kayayyakin kawo karshen-amfani ne batun sarrafa ayyukan. A hanya domin samar da wani graphite kayyade irin abu. Yawanci, a cikin hanyoyin da bambanci ne ya sa ta kawai rinjayar zazzabi. Saboda haka, ta gasa da cakuda da farar coke da graphite samu achesonovsky. narkewa da kuma ruwan zafin jiki a wannan harka zai zama 2800 da kuma 4200 ° C bi da bi. Thermomechanical aiki dabara coke cakuda samar da daukan hotuna da wannan sigogi dumama - bambanci ta'allaka ne kawai a cikin yin amfani da carbide-kafa da aka gyara. Low rates na zafi magani ne daban-daban pyrolysis Hanyar. A wannan yanayin, na halitta graphite an modified daga gaseous hydrocarbons a injin a 1500 ° C. A wannan rarraba sanyaya da kuma aiki hanyoyin domin samar da tushe garwayayye graphite. Waɗannan kimiyoyi sun haɗa da yankin, a cikin abin da jinkirin sanyaya da nauyi baƙin ƙarfe.

A amfani da graphite

graphite Properties, kamar yadda muka rigaya muka gani, sun yarda da shi a sami fadi da aikace-aikace a fannoni daban daban. Ana amfani da a yi na wayoyin, pencils, safeners, reference aunawa kayan da ko a matsayin man shafawa. Thermal ingancin ma'adinai m da amfani kamar yadda wani ɓangare na makera Tsarin. Alal misali, graphite rufi faranti da kuma yin crucibles. Amma da yawa ya dogara da musamman jinsin, wadda ta gabatar da graphite. Da narkewa batu na wasu iri kaya, bangaren 2600 ° C, misali, damar su yi amfani da a masana'antu thermal aiki da bẽnãye. Amma electrochemical halaye da damar yin amfani da yawancin kayayyakin daga graphite a matsayin shugaba abubuwa na more rayuwa.

ƙarshe

Graphite kayan za a iya kyan gani, kamar yadda wani m tsarin da amfani a daban-daban da masana'antu. Quality lantarki da kuma thermal watsin, ko gefe da gefe da jiki fragility kuma suna fadin rates na inji AMINCI, amma mai girma damar domin aikace-aikace na sosai na musamman ma'adinai. Daga mahangar masana'antu aiki matsayin, graphite narkewa zafin jiki da darajõji, wanda shi ne wani talakawan na 2800 ° C, ba m. Tsara da narkewa tsari ko ruwan kayan ba zai iya iya ko da karamin sha'anin tsunduma a cikin yi na electrochemical ƙarfafa. Wani abu ne cewa samar da karshe kayayyakin sanya na graphite bukatar ba kawai zafi magani.