Hormone TSH: physiological muhimmancin

A hormone TSH (thyroid-haramta motsa hormone, thyroid-haramta motsa hormone) stimulates ci gaba da kuma ayyuka na thyroid gland shine yake. The abu ne na farko ware daga pituitary tsame. TSH ne glycoprotein tare da wani kwayoyin nauyi na daga 23,000 zuwa 32,000 daltons ne readily mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, yana inactivated da pepsin, trypsin da chymotrypsin. TSH hormone kunshi α- da β-subunits. α-subunit yana da guda tsari ne ba kawai da daban-daban hormone (lutropin da thyrotropin) da kuma hormones da daban-daban jinsin dabbobi. Sun bambanta daga juna kawai a cikin tsarin da carbohydrate moieties. A takamaiman nazarin halittu aiki ƙaddara da kaddarorin da hormone β-subunit. Duk da haka, wannan aiki ne m kawai bayan Daure α- da β-subunits.

Tare da karuwa a faduwa da manufa na jini yawa na thyroid hormones thyrotropin kira korau feedback: da hypothalamus tireolibirina kira rage-rage a cikin hypophysis - melanotropin, thyroid - thyroxine.

A hormone TSH stimulates da girma da kuma ci gaban epithelial thyroid follicles da activates aiki na da wasu gabbansa da suke da hannu a cikin biosynthesis na ta ji ba gani. Ginshikai na da aikin kunshi dama, saukarwa: na farko, hormone TSH activates Camp samuwar, shi ne, bi da bi, thyroglobulin biosynthesis. Thyrotropin inganta "kama" aidin follicle Kwayoyin da tsagawa cikin mutum thyroglobulin hormones da kuma gina jiki saura.

A hormone stimulates sha na oxygen da sel da thyroid gland shine yake da ƙara musu permeability zuwa monosaccharides, amino acid da wasu nazarin halittu mahadi.

A cututtuka na agara pituitary TSH rage kira, wanda baya kaiwa zuwa hanawa na biosynthesis na thyroid ji ba gani. Wannan zai iya fararwa da ci gaban cututtuka irin goiter da kuma myxedema.

Morphological da kuma aikin sassa na thyroid gland shine yake ne epithelial Kwayoyin da follicles, wanda aka cika da danko sosai rawaya ruwa - colloid. A biochemical abun da ke ciki na ta wakilta yafi gina jiki - thyroglobulin. A nasa ne da glycoprotein da kwayoyin nauyi na 660.000 Daltons. Yana hada thyronine, sakamakon daga sandaro na biyu tyrosine kwayoyin (amino acid). Thyronine ne babban material domin gina iodinated thyroid hormones - thyroxine (T4 tetraiodothyronine) da kuma triiodothyronine (T3), wanda ake hada a follicles gland shine yake.

A jinin waɗannan da hormones kisa ga jini sunadaran da ake zagawa da a cikin jiki. Ga lamba tare da manufa Kwayoyin karya saukar da sunadaran da hormones ake kasaftawa a intercellular ruwa. Mafi yawa daga cikin hormones a cikin cell da aka mayar da hankali a hyaloplasm, kasa - a cikin mitochondria da ribosomes.

Low TSH hormone a cikin jini na matasa kwayoyin iya sa cretinism, da matalauta jiki proportionality. A manya - akwai myxedema. Wannan halitta kumburi, ruwa riƙe a kyallen takarda rage-rage muhimmi metabolism, janar wani rauni ya auku, mugun jin kiba da kuma wanda bai kai ba tsufa. Idan hypothyroidism faruwa a lokacin da rashin aidin a abinci da ruwa, masu tasowa, wadan goiter, da thyroid gland shine yake ƙaruwa a size.

Lokacin da thyroid hyperfunction auku kaburbura 'cuta (mai guba yaxuwa goiter). A dalilan iya zama daban-daban: na kullum maye, cututtuka, da dai sauransu Ƙarƙashin rinjayar hormones qara permeability na cell membranes, musamman da mitochondria. A wannan yanayin, keta duk wani nau'i na metabolism, tasowa intoksikoz.

A lokuta inda hormone TSH aka dagagge, magani ya kamata a da za'ayi a kan lokaci. A lura da wannan Pathology wajabta hormonal far amfani da aidin shirye-shirye.