Jean Sibelius: biography, aiki. Yadda yawa kade-kade rubuta da mawaki?

Jean Sibelius - Finnish mawaki, waɗanda ayyukansu kasance a cikin category daga cikin mafi daraja taskõkin gargajiya music. Da yawa daga cikin ayyukan da ake girmamawa da kida, masu sukar da kuma music masoya a duk faɗin duniya. Ya music nasa ne da style of farkon romanticism da kuma na gargajiya Viennese makaranta.

biography

Jean Sibelius, wanda biography da aka gabatar a cikin wannan takarda, an haife shi a 1865 a Finland. The mahaifin na gaba mawaki ya soja likita. Lokacin da Jan aka 3 years old, shugaban iyali ya mutu daga typhoid zazzabi. Ya ɗaukaka macen ta. Gustav bar bashinta guda jana'izar kudin ne tsada sosai. A bazawara iya kiyaye gidan. Manor da kuma babban ɓangare na dukiya da aka bai wa bashi a kan lissafi na bashi. A bazawara da kuma 'ya'ya uku, likita ya koma ya zauna a cikin kaka ta gidan.

A nan gaba mawaki Jean Sibelius daga yara yana da matukar m kwatanci. Ya aka kullum bisa ƙirƙira labaru game da fairies. Sibelius mahaifiyar taka leda piano da kiša ke a haɗe zuwa yara. Su dukan iyalin halarci kide. Daga farkon shekarun yara a cikin iyali Sibelius sanar music. Yan yar'uwarsa koya yi wasa da Piano. Brother - cello. Sam Yan farko koya yi wasa da Piano, amma daga baya ya bayyana kwadayin canza kayan aiki da kuma sauya zuwa goge. Yaron ya m, kuma tilasta shi ya shiga cikin m, na farko malami doke shi hannu saka needles. Da farko aikin Sibelius rubuta a cikin shekaru 10. Sha'awarsa a music girma da lokaci, da kuma ya fara a cikin wani tagulla band. A makaranta, Yan kasance sosai dabam. A yayin da ya litattafan rubutunku ya ko da yaushe rubuta music. Amma, a lokaci guda da samun da kyau maki a cikin o da kuma lissafi. Wani fad Yaron da aka karanta.

A 1885, Jean Sibelius shiga jami'a ta dokar baiwa. Amma nan da nan ta fita, ta kasance ba su da sha'awar da shi. Ya shiga jam'iyyar a Music Cibiyar. Malaminsa ya Martin Wegelius. Jan kaunace su koyi. Ya kasance mafi kyau dalibi a malaminsa. Aiki da Sibelius ya rubuta a cikin dalibi shekaru, ya yi da malamai da dalibai na institute. A 1889 wani saurayi ya yi karatu abun da ke ciki da kuma music ka'idar a Berlin. A shekara daga baya - a Vienna.

m hanya

Bayan kammala karatu da kuma dawo wa Finland Jean Sibelius hukumance ya fito a matsayin mawaki. A farko jama'a cika aikinsa shi ne symphonic waka "Kullervo", wanda aka dogara ne a kan Finnish kasa almara. Yang nan da nan ya zama m, an sanar m bege na kasar. The sosai farko taron makada da mawaki ya rubuta a 1899. A farko da aka gudanar a birnin Helsinki shi. Shi ne gode wa kade-kade da mawaki tsiwirwirinsu duniya daraja.

Sibelius zahiri kammala m aiki a 1926. A na gaba shekara talatin na rayuwa, duniya da aka jiran sabon qagaggun, amma ya rubuta kawai qananan guda, wanda da muhimmanci na musamman ga al'adu. Ko da yake akwai shaida cewa ya rubuta, amma mafi yawansu ya rubuce-rubucen da cewa lokaci hallaka. Zai yiwu daga gare su akwai muhimmanci ayyuka, amma saboda wasu dalilai, marubucin bai kammala su. A cikin shekaru 40 da na karni na 20th, sha'awa a cikin music na mawaki a duniya ya kasance sosai low. Amma a Finland shi ne nuna godiya ga wannan rana a matsayin wata alama daga cikin kasar yawa.

jerin ayyuka

Ga waɗanda aka kawai fara samun matsahi na saba da ayyukan da Finnish mawaki, abin tambaya shi ne: "nawa Jean Sibelius kade-kade rubuta?" A duk ya rubuta mai yawa ayyuka. Kuma akwai bakwai kade-kade.

Symphony Yana Sibeliusa:

• № 1, e-moll.
• № 2, D-dur.
• № 3, C-dur.
• № 4, a-moll.
• № 5, Es-dur.
• № 6, d-moll.
• № 7, C-dur

Symphonic waqe:

• "Saga".
• "Finland".
• "Night na tsallen da fitõwar rãnã."
• "Bard".
• "Oceanides".
• "Tapiola".
• "Itace Nymph".
• "Pohjola 'Yar."
• "Dryad".

Suite Yana Sibeliusa:

• "Karelia".
• "Suite don Violin da Piano."
• "Ya ku ƙaunatattuna."
• "Little Suite".
• "Domin goge, Viola da cello."
• "Conversation Suite".
• "Karkara".

Music zuwa kwaikwaiyo da wasanin kwaikwayo:

• "Lizard".
• "A hadari".
• "Belshazzar ta idin".
• "Kirista II Sarki."
• "Scaramouche."
• "White Swan".
• "Mutuwa."
• "Kowa."
• "Pelléas et Mélisande".

Kuma ya rubuta da overture kwaikwaiyo, karatun zuwa music, kide, zanga, scene, instrumental serenade, songs for ƙungiyar makaɗa, Legends, m guda, raye-raye, quartets, impromptu, sonatas, guda domin Choirs, cantatas, ballads, waka, songs for murya tare da masu raka , arioso, bambancin, wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da sauransu.

Freemasonry

Jean Sibelius shekaru da yawa kunshi a cikin Masonic Order kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin fitattun Figures. Ya - daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa na kwana a Helsinki. A tsawon lokaci, ya zama organist na Finnish Freemasons. A shekara ta 1927, Sibelius rubuta tara ayyukan da aka hada da mawaki kansa a raba tarin. Ya aka kira "The Masonic music ga bikin." tarin aka farko da aka buga a 1936. Works yi nufi ga rarraba a tsakanin Masons. A 1950, da tarin an gyara, updated tare da sabon songs kuma sake bayar. Akwai zo sanannen symphonic waka "Finland", wanda a lokacin da aka tare da wani musamman na al'ada rubutu.

da mawaki gidan

Jean Sibelius a 1904 zauna a Järvenpää, Tuusula, kusa da tafkin, tare da iyalinsa. Ya karshe ayyukan da mawaki ya rubuta shi a nan. Sibelius ya sosai m gidansa. Ga akai-akai tattara m mutane tare da wanda ya kasance m mawaki. Jean Sibelius mutu a 20 ga watan Satumba, 1957 a da ƙaunataccen gida. Matarsa ci gaba da rayuwa a can bayan mutuwarsa kafin shekaru na 1970. A shekara ta 1972, da mawaki zuriyar sayar da gidan a jihar. Yanzu, da gidan kayan gargajiya da aka dake akwai. Bude shi zuwa ga jama'a shi ne a shekara ta 1974.

Sibelius Museum

Yana da kawai music gidan kayan gargajiya a Finland. Yana da aka halitta more a mawaki ta rayuwa. The gidan kayan gargajiya da aka bude godiya ga kokarin da Farfesa Otto Andersson musicology. Ya ba da birnin da tarin, kunsha na kida. A cikin shekaru 30 na karni na 20th, da gidan kayan gargajiya ya zama ma'abũcin da rubuce-rubucen da mawaki Sibelius, kazalika da cikakken bayanai a kan biography da kuma ayyukan da mawaki. Duk wannan bai wa kõwace Yana - Adolf Pauma. Da farko, da gidan kayan gargajiya da ake kira "m-tarihi taron Abo Akademi". A shekara ta 1949 an sake masa suna ba a daraja na mawaki, wanda kaina ya yarda. A cikin gidan kayan gargajiya ba za ka iya samun matsahi na saba da ayyukan Sibelius, ga tarin 350 kida, kazalika da halartar kide da kuma nune-nunen.