Kiel - wannan ... Don me bã ya bukatar tsuntsaye

Dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma tsuntsaye - ne pinnacle na juyin vertabrate. Kuma suka bayyana kusan lokaci guda. Ko da a cikin Triassic lokaci sun farkon dabbobi masu shayarwa, wanda aka rabu daga dinosaur. Sun kasance sũ ne m, kuma ba a duk reminiscent na zamani dabbobi. A farkon da Jurassic lokaci daga terrestrial kadangaru zo yawo tsuntsaye, wanda ba Yunƙurin zuwa wani aji tsuntsaye.

Dabbobi masu rarrafe suna bã zaunannu ba, a dukan ƙasa, wanda a yarda ya zaunar da farko da tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin free yankuna. Kuma cewa su nasara sabon asashe, cewa ba a baya an yi amfani da kadangaru, da gudummawar da cewa dabbobi masu shayarwa, da tsuntsaye, ya bayyana adaptations rayuwa a cikin da dama yanayi. Kadangaru - Waɗannan su ne babban fafatawa a gasa, godiya ga su ga tsuntsãye inganta juyayi tsarin, ma'ana gabobin da kuma hali. Yau muna musamman sha'awar a cikin tsarin da al'amarin. Mun bayar ga samun Masana wannan sashi na jiki a matsayin keel. Wannan na'urar ne, a cikin tsuntsaye da sauran dabbobi. Abin da shi ne, abin da ayyuka ake yi, za mu koya daga wannan aikin.

A tsarin da tsuntsãye

Mutane da yawa tsuntsaye iya tashi, wasu a cikin shakka daga juyin halitta, sun rasa wannan damar. Yanzu bari mu magana kadan game da tsarin da huhu da kuma iska tãlikai. Tubular kasũsuwa, ashe, cikakken lemun tsami gishiri, bar tsuntsaye su tashi, saboda su kwarangwal zama mai karfi da kuma haske. Kokon kuma siffofi da tsuntsaye: a gaban gefe kawai manyan ido kwasfa da kuma baki, wanda a baya ya kasance mai muƙamuƙi da hakora.

Neck daban-daban tsawon da kuma motsi, shi kunshi goma zuwa ashirin da biyar vertebrae. Kamar yadda gaban kafafunsa - ne fuka-fuki, da ƙara load a kan kafafu: ƙasusuwan cewa, samar da pelvic kashi Fused, don haka sun zama yawa karfi. Akwai siffofin a cikin tsarin da kafada sashen, misali - da keel. Wannan ne mai matukar karfi kashi, abin da hidima a Dutsen for pectoral tsokoki. Bari mu magana game da wannan a bit more.

Kiel

Kamar yadda muka ce, da keel - wannan outgrowth, wanda wajibi ne ga kayyade tsuntsayen pectoral tsokoki. Wannan outgrowth aka kafa a cikin tsarin juyin halitta, kamar yadda tsuntsaye iya tashi godiya ga wannan na'urar, saboda pectoral tsokoki sun ci gaba sosai karfi. Ya ba kawai tsuntsaye, amma kuma a wasu dabbobi, wanda yana da karfi gaban kafafunsa: matsayin mai mulkin, suka tono ƙasa. An misali zai zama wani mole. Amma musamman da ci gaban da keel har yanzu yana a yawo tsuntsaye, jemagu. Akwai ma wani da ake kira keel tsuntsaye: Humming birds, swifts da sauransu. Wancan ne, shi za a iya ce cewa keel - a ga kayan aiki da tsuntsaye da dabbobi kamar bĩga, ba tare da wanda su kawai ba zai iya yi.

ayyuka

Kiel - wannan shi ne yafi a cikin tsuntsaye, fitar kasusuwan jikinsu outgrowth a cikin thoracic kashin baya, shi ne lebur, ake amfani da su gama mai fairly karfi tsokoki da hannu tare da motsi. Haskaka babban manufar da aiki na kashi kunya.

• Kiel mu ma bukatar karfafa thoracic kashin baya, watau kwarangwal na wannan bangare ne quite m. Za mu iya cewa shi ne wani ƙarin kayan aiki don kare muhimmanci gabobin.
• Tun da tsuntsaye a lokacin da motsi fuka-fuki da hannu quite mai yawa tsoka, da keel aka saka to irin wannan babban yawan tsoka zaruruwa.
• Har ila yau, wannan outgrowth inganta motsi na thoracic. Wannan ba ka damar yin ƙungiyoyi tare da zurfin numfashi.
• A karshen aikin - wani canji a cikin jirgin hanya, da keel ba na karshe wuri a cikin wannan tsari.

A wasu tsuntsaye ba keel

Saboda haka keel - abin da yake da shi? Mun amsa wannan tambaya. An ce cewa akwai outgrowth daga tsuntsãye, amma ba magana game da ban. Yana da muhimmanci a bayyana cewa akwai wani subclass na ratites. A baya can suka kira kamar haka:

• Shifty.
• Jimina.
• Gladkogrudye.

Wannan subclass hada da kamar yadda da yawa kamar yadda 8 raka'a:

• Casuariiformes.
• Kiviobraznye.
• Nanduobraznye.
• Ratite.
• Tinamuobraznye.
• Epiornisoobraznye.
• Litornitoobraznye.
• Moaobraznye.

Game da na karshe uku kamfanonin, da dama mutane zai iya taba kada ji, kamar yadda su wakilan sun dade bitattu.