Liubka orchid (Platanthera Bifolia). Platanthera bifolia - daji orchid

Platanthera bifolia (Latin sunan Platanthera bifolia) ake magana a cikin irin perennial tuberous herbaceous shuke-shuke na da HALITTAR Platanthera orchid iyali (Orchidaceae). Na biyu na ta sunan - daji orchid.

sunan

A kimiyya sunan wannan HALITTAR zo daga Girkanci kalmomi "m» (platis) da kuma "pollen jakar» (antera). Yana bayyana shi musamman nau'i na anther wakilan wannan nau'in. bifolia epithet zo daga Latin harshe da kuma kunshi kalmomi biyu - "biyu» (guda biyu) da kuma "takardar» (folius). Shi ne saboda da halayyar wannan shuka tare da biyu manyan ganye a gindi daga gangar jikin. Rasha sunan wannan nau'in, "Lyuba", da alaka da tsofaffin al'adun cewa tushen, tubers na shuke-shuke (ma'ana tartsatsi Platanthera bifolia) da musamman sihiri Properties. Daga su shirya soyayya potions da soyayya potions.

baza

Platanthera bifolia (daji orchid) mika ga wani fairly babban yankin na Eurasia, a cikin temperate zone. An samu a Asiya Ƙananan kuma yammacin Turai. A Rasha, Platanthera bifolia tsiro a Turai part, da Caucasus da kuma Kudancin Siberia. Ya ke tsiro a deciduous, coniferous da kuma gauraye gandun daji, musamman a gefuna, clearings a cikin thickets na shrubs, wani lokacin a cikin fadamun. Yana za a iya samu a subalpine fadamun a Altai Mountains, da Caucasus, Sayan. Kare Muhalli mawadãta daga irin wannan ne quite m. Liubka orchid gaba daya sha'aninsu dabam zuwa ƙasa danshi, kamar yadda tsiro ɓarna, moistened (wetted ko da a karkashin m) da kuma a kan sandararriyar ƙasa. An ba musamman wuya ga acidity da wadata na kasar gona, amma shi ne mafi kowa a acid. Yana iya kawo wani gwaji shading, ko da yake shi ya fi son mai haske wurare domin a nan shi ne mafi alhẽri blooms da 'yã'yan.

description

Platanthera bifolia (photo ba a cikin labarin) ne a perennial herbaceous shuka, wanda tsayinsa ne 20-50 santimita, tare da biyu unshared Tushen, tubers. Akwai lokutta a tsawo da kuma 60 santimita. Ya ke tsiro a shekara maye gurbin tuber. Basal ganye na dasa (biyu, da wuya uku ko daya) ana shirya oppositely a kan tushe a gindi suna quntata wa stalk, wanda ke shiga cikin farji. Form takardar m oblong-obovate. Bar isa a tsawon 22 santimita, wani nisa - 6 santimita. Launi launin toka-kore, m. Kara ganye - daya-uku, wajen kananan, lanceolate, sessile.

Dare Violet: launi

Inflorescence wannan shuka ne a rare kunne cylindrical siffar. Yana kai 20 santimita a tsawon, hada da florets (game 8-40 raka'a). A flower yana da matukar karfi m kamshi (musamman da dare ko a hadari weather), ya perianth fari, dan kadan greenish a iyakar wani corolla, sauki. All shida ganyen daban-daban masu girma dabam da kuma siffofi. The most of su Forms lebe da bakin ciki, dan kadan mai lankwasa ko mike spur, wasa a karshen, à zuwa sama ko horizontally daidaitacce. Its tsawon bai wuce uku santimita. The sosai kunkuntar lebe 12 millimeters a gindi ba tare da hillocks. Uku zanen gado perianth rufe tare, sai suka samar da wani kwalkwali, da kuma sauran biyu free. Stamen a cikin flower daya ne kawai, ta pollen a cikin anthers ne gam a cikin wani ball, da ake kira Pollino. Pestle - tare da uku-bladed hancinsa da ƙananan unilocular kwai. Platanthera bifolia blooms a watan Yuni da Yuli. An pollinated da kwari. Yana ripens a watan Yuli da watan Agusta. A 'ya'yan itace da shuka ne a akwatin cewa ya bayyana shida tsaye ramummuka. A tsaba su ne kadan, dustable.

kula Tips

A wurin wannan shuka ya kamata a zaba a shading kare shi daga iskar rana. Domin gona ne quite wuya, girma duka biyu a kan matalauta, kuma a kan ma-hadu kasa. Duk da haka, da suka wuce haddi taki da aka ba haka ba, dace hadi inganta mafi blooming da kuma ci gaba. A heatwave bukatar ƙarin watering. Platanthera bifolia yana da kyau jure hunturu da ba ya bukatar tsari.

haifuwa

Propagated da tsaba wannan shuka kawai. Daya ya'yan itace ya ƙunshi fiye da dubu 20 tsaba. Daya shuka ore a kan talakawan up to 11 'ya'yan itãcen marmari. Tsaba germinate kawai a gaban fungi. A lokacin farko biyu zuwa hudu shekaru seedling ne sosai a karkashin kasa hanyarsa ta rayuwa, da kuma kawai na uku zuwa na biyar shekara bayyana a farfajiya na farko takardar. Flowering fari Violet dare for game da shekaru 11 bayan germination, a karkashin sharadi gwargwado, wannan na iya faruwa a shekara ta shida. Bloom, wannan shuka iya zama for biyar ko shida da shekaru ba tare da hutu, amma akwai yiwuwa zo kadan hutu bayan wani musamman m blooms. A kan talakawan, da shuka zaune 20-27 shekaru, watakila ya fi tsayi, a karkashin sharadi gwargwado. Flower buds an dage farawa a cikin shekaru biyu kafin flowering. Pollination ne yawanci dauki kwari (revelers da cutworms), sa'an nan perianth zarar fades. Seed maturation ne da za'ayi ta hanyar wani rabin-dvamesyatsa bayan pollination. Saboda da tsaba su ne kadan da haske yaduwa auku ko da kadan motsi iska talakawa. Platanthera bifolia ne mai ban mamaki ado shuka tare da wani karfi dandano. Yana da matukar rare daga mai son lambu. Duk da haka, yana da matukar wuya a yi kiwo. Bisa ga ƙa'ida, cikin daji orchid ne a kare shuka, amma a gaskiya shi ne kusan ba zai yiwu don tsara. Flowers Liubka girma girbe don ƙirƙirar bouquets, kuma wannan take kaiwa zuwa wani rage ta kewayo.

Magani darajar Platanthera bifolia

Akidar tubers dare violets da magani Properties. Su tono har nan da nan bayan flowering ko a karshen. Zabi kawai matasa, m kuma fleshy. Tubers yawanci nutsa cikin zurfin ruwan zãfi biyu zuwa uku minti (don tabbatar da cewa ba su germinate), sa'an nan bushe a cikin inuwa. A sakamakon haka ne ake kira salep. Long tun da shi da ake amfani a cikin shirye-shiryen da magunguna tonic da kuma restorative mataki. Babban dalilin da haddasa wannan shahararsa salep, ne da ikon kara jima'i aiki. Tun zamanin da, daruruwan girke-girke da aka ɓullo da domin lura da rashin ƙarfi da taimakon Platanthera bifolia. Duk da haka, da iyaka hanya tushe da shuka samfurin ne ba don ƙirƙirar guda m sashi tsarin na wadannan shuke-shuke. Salep yana antitoxic da kuma m mataki, saboda haka ya aka nada domin manufar detoxification a lokuta da guba da wasu gubobi cewa sa gastrointestinal cuta, ciki miki da duodenal miki, na kullum gastritis, colitis, kazalika da wani iri-iri na hanji cututtuka a yara. Bugu da kari, sun iya sanya da kuma ga na kullum da kuma m mashako.

ethnoscience

A jama'a magani, Platanthera bifolia amfani da matsayin diuretic, ga zazzabi da ciwon hakori. Har ila yau, wannan shuka ne dauke mai kyau hanya don inganta mutane da sojojin, tikis tsanani cuta, da kuma tsofaffi. Bugu da ƙari kuma, salep nutritionally shawarar a matsayin wajen broth ko innabi ruwan inabi. Traditional magani yana amfani da Liubka domin lura da mace jima'i cuta da kuma cututtuka. Foda daga masu juna biyu tubers ana amfani da wani tasiri maganin hana haifuwa. Duk da haka, Rasha healers da'awar cewa dogon lokacin da amfani da wannan kayan aiki na iya haifar da rashin haihuwa a mata. Tibet likitoci amfani da shi don kara jiki ta defenses.