Live kuma inactivated alurar. Inactivated polio maganin: umarnin, rikitarwa. Inactivated maganin - yana da ...

A maganin (inactivated), - wani magani kunshi kwayar barbashi girma a cikin al'adunsu, wanda aka halaka ta hanyar thermal jiyya da kuma mataki na cell guba (formaldehyde). Irin wannan cuta ne mai ladabi a wani Lab yanayi domin rage antigenicity kuma suna dauke da ba-dauke da kwayar cutar (iya tsokana wata cuta). Kashe alluran bambanta da yawa karami iya aiki kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da live, amma a na biyu da gwamnatin form fairly karfi rigakafi.

Kamar yadda shirye maganin

Don ƙirƙirar su, kamar yadda mai mulkin, amfani epizootic qeta ƙwayoyin cuta, wadda ana hõre tsarkakewa ƙwauro (inactivation), abu don irreparable asarar cutar laulayi haifa (rubanya), amma a lokaci guda ana ajiye ta immunogenic da antigenic halaye. Saboda haka, ya kamata a kashe nucleic acid (kwayar genome), wanda qunshi wani maganin (inactivated) - shi ne wani yanayi inda shi proliferates da kyau.

Har ila yau, ya kamata ba za a canza polysaccharides, sunadaran da glycoproteins da cutar, saboda tsaron gida dauki dogara a kan abu da cutar capsid. A sakamakon haka, ya yi hasarar da ikon haifa da kuma kamuwa da cuta, amma ya rike ji na ƙwarai to kunnawa a jikin mutane da dabbobi da hankula dalilai na rigakafi.

A fasaha na yi na wani medicament

Samar da inactivated maganin fara da selection na samar da zuriya da cutar, da al'adu, da kuma ta jari a cikin m nazarin halittu Tsarin (cell al'ada, da dabbobi, jinjirin na tsuntsaye). Sa'an nan da cutar-dauke da feedstock ne hõre tsarkakewa da kuma Mix a hanyoyi daban-daban (ultra- centrifugation, tacewa, da dai sauransu).

A maganin (inactivated) - shi ne ma sakamakon jikewa, kwayar tsarkakewa jamiái. Wannan tsari ne mai matukar muhimmanci, saboda shi halakar da cutar ba ta yaɗu a jiki, da kuma ga wani karfi tsaron gida dauki wajibi ne a gabatar da wani babban adadin kwayar abu. Virus dakatar da za a sarrafa daga ballast abubuwa (lipids sharan salula Tsarin, ba-kwayar sunadaran), wanda gudanar da karin nauyi a cikin jiki ta rigakafi da kuma sun fi mayar rage tsanani da kuma halayyar m martani.

An samo bayan jikewa da tsarkakewa daga virus-dauke da dakatar ne hõre inactivation. A cikin hali na musamman m cutar inactivation magani Earsbe mataki. Idan aka buƙata don la'akari da cewa ballast abubuwa tsoma baki tare da aiwatar da inactivation.

Lokacin da mura maganin da aka yi (inactivated), misali, mai matukar muhimmanci shi ne zabi na inactivator da inactivation na wani manufa yanayi, sa shi yiwuwa a gaba daya ƙaryatãwa game da transmissibility da cutar da mafi girma tanadi antigenicity. Amma da zane inactivating halayen talauci karatu, kuma su aikace-aikace sau da yawa gwaji.

Properties na inactivated alluran

Ga masu rigakafin kwayar ailments kyau amfani inactivated magani, wadda da yawa m zuwa rayuwa. Babba bukatar yawan aiki - ne inganci da yawan kwayar antigen, zabin da ya dace inactivator da inactivation yanayi. Kalmar "inactivated" yana nufin ƙwayoyin cuta na rayuwa na zuwa da miyagun ƙwayoyi bayani.

Live kuma inactivated alluran suna kagaggun girbe daga virulent ƙwayoyin cuta ta lalata jiki da kuma sinadaran yawan guba yayin da rikewa immunogenicity ta. Wadannan kwayoyi dole ne m, kuma zuwa da mahara kwayar antigen don su tsokane tsaron gida martani da antibody samar. A saba Hakika na farko lamba allura ne 2-3. A nan gaba, za ka iya bukatar kara amfani Shots su goyi bayan tsarin na rigakafi.

Abin da suka yi drawbacks

Inactivated alluran da ƙara halaye canzawa, sai dai cewa su ne hadari. Suna amfani da yafi ga manufar yin rigakafi a samar da m yankunan. Duk da haka, wadannan magunguna bambanta a wasu minuses:

• fasahar na yi ne sosai rikitarwa, kuma wannan shi ne saboda bukatar samun wani babba virus-dauke da feedstock jikewa antigen tsaftacewa inactivation na kwayar genome, kazalika da hada a cikin tsarin da maganin adjuvants.
• iya, wani lokacin sa rashin lafiyan halayen sakamakon kara amfani lamba;
• kana bukatar allurar fiye da sau daya da kuma a cikin manyan allurai.
• maganin (inactivated) - wannan shi ne mai rauni stimulator jiki kariya, saboda wadannan juriya na narkewa kamar fili mucous membranes da kuma na sama na numfashi sassa bayyana kasa da bayan amfani da live alluran.
• su za a iya amfani kawai parenterally.
• kasa kwayoyi sa shafe tsawon kuma m rigakafi fiye da tare da live allurar rigakafin.

Menene cutar shan inna da kuma yadda shi bayyana kanta?

Poliomyelitis ne m kwayar cutar cewa hari da juyayi tsarin (laka colorless abu). Fara bayyana flaccid inna, musamman daga cikin ƙananan extremities. More mai tsanani lokuta na laka raunuka kai ga numfashi kama. Kuma a nan ne wani inactivated polio maganin ba zai iya taimaka.

Asibiti, wannan cuta na iya zama tare da wani karuwa a yawan zafin jiki, tsoka da ciwon kai da kara samuwar immobility. Rashin lafiya yana daukar kwayar cutar daga mutum daya zuwa wani da sneezing, tattaunawar ta hanyar ruwa, datti abubuwa, kazalika da abinci. A sabili da kamuwa da cuta suna dauke su da lafiya. Kamuwa da cuta shimfidawa da sauri, amma zato cewa wannan shi ne polio faruwa a lokacin da fix ne riga da farko idan na inna.

Lokaci daga farkon shiryawa rashin lafiya cututtuka kafin bayyanar da farko alamun yana 1-2 makonni iya zama daga 4 zuwa 40 days. A cutar shiga jiki ta hanyar da mucous membranes na hanjinsu ko nasopharynx, bred akwai, ya kuma shiga cikin jini, kai da kashin baya jijiya, kwakwalwa Kwayoyin, kuma ya halaka su. Saboda haka, akwai inna.

Alurar riga kafi da polio ga yara

Don Allah ku yi sani cewa cutar ne a kwayar cutar da wani musamman bi, shafi kawai wadannan ƙwayoyin cuta ba ya wanzu. Kawai tasiri magani don hana cuta - shi ne alurar riga kafi.

Don hana cutar shan inna, biyu nufin an yi amfani da:

• Inactivated allurar rigakafi (IPV), wanda ya ƙunshi matattu cutar da kuma daji irin ƙwayoyin cuta gabatar ta hanyar injections.
• live baka polio maganin (allurar OPV), wanda yana da rauni modified live ƙwayoyin cuta (ruwa dripped a cikin bakinka).

Wadannan kayayyakin asusu na 3 iri polio cutar, watau kare da duk zaɓuɓɓukan da akwaisu ba kamuwa da cuta. Duk da haka, shi ne ba da ake samarwa a Rasha polio maganin, amma akwai wani waje magani "Imovaks Polio", da kyau dace domin grafting. Bugu da kari, da inactivated polio maganin yana nufin a hada a cikin "Tetrakok" (a haɗa medicament domin hana pertussis, diphtheria da tetanus). Duka wadannan kudi ana amfani ba tare da keta cinikayya dokokin da ta iyayensu. Irin wannan alluran za a iya gudanar da lokaci guda tare da immunoglobulin.

Inactivated polio maganin: umarnin

A bambancin da irin wannan kwayoyi da aka samar a cikin ruwa tsari, marufi ne mai sirinji jin 0.5 ml. Route na gwamnati - allura. Domin jarirai har zuwa watanni 18 allura da aka yi subcutaneously a undercut na kafada ko cinya intramuscularly. Mazan yara - kawai a kafada yankin. Babu contraindications game da lokaci da kuma abin sha liyafar, babu abinci.

Gurbin kan jiki

Bayan gabatarwar polio maganin alurar riga kafi a 5-8% za a iya lura gida halayen (wannan ba matsala grafting) kamar yadda redness da edema, babu fiye da 10 cm a diamita. Kawai a cikin 1-5% na lokuta ana gano kowa vaccinal halayen matsayin wucin gadi kananan Yunƙurin a zazzabi, da tausaya na yaro for 1-2 kwanaki bayan alurar riga kafi.

Drug "Imovaks Polio"

Wannan kayan aiki da aka samu nasarar yi amfani a Rasha. Vaccinations gaji, ko da yãra waɗanda cututtuka na gastrointestinal fili. Bugu da kari, da cutar shan inna maganin (inactivated) ne zuwa kashi 4 matakai na allura: 3, 4, da kuma 6 watanni. The 18 ne a kara amfani.

Grafted baby ba a dauke su dauke da kwayar cutar ga wasu. Duk da haka, shi ne bu mai kyau zuwa ga rage girman da kasancewar a wuraren taruwar jama'a a lokacin da ya gabata bayan alurar riga kafi, saboda yaro ya raunana cutar iya harba wasu kamuwa da cuta. A allura da aka yi a cinya ko hannu. Redness yankin gwamnati "Imovaksa" ne na al'ada, da kuma yawan zafin jiki saboda lamba na iya zama har zuwa 39 darajõji, kuma mafi girma.

Inactivated polio maganin: Matsalolin

Shigar wasu daga cikin matsalolin da suka faru a bayan lamba tare da hadaddun magani "Infanrix Hexa", "Pentaxim", "Infanrix IPV", "Tetrakok":

• otitis kafofin watsa labarai.
• rauni.
• ciwon hakori da stomatitis.
• kumbura Lymph nodes.
• tashin hankali.
• itchy fata rash.
• anaphylactic buga.
• m majiyai da induration a allura zone.
• barci disturbances.
• cututtuka daga cikin manya na numfashi fili.
• zazzabi da kuma ta matakai spasms.
• Angioedema.
• tashin zuciya.
• zawo.
• amai.
• m kuka.
• kara a yanayin jiki.

Sau da yawa akwai rikitarwa, kuma qara load a kan yaro kariya tsarin, a lokacin da yake maganin cutar shan inna da kuma DTP. A dauki za a iya gano biyu da saukad da na pertussis-tetanus kudi.

contraindications

Polio maganin - wannan ba wani maganin ciwon hauka al'ada (inactivated), wanda aka sanya daga dabbobi ciwon hauka. Wannan shi ne da farko wani magani, kare yaro daga m inna da yiwu mutuwa. Kamar kafin alurar riga kafi ne dole ya ziyarci wani pediatrician dauki umurninsa a kan wani janar bincike na fitsari da kuma jini, sa'an nan ya ajiye su a wani karamin dakin shan magani. Bisa binciken da ya yi da dubawa da kuma jariri likita da zai gaya maka idan ya iya samar da wani maganin domin lokacin. Ga lamba hani sun hada da:

1. Ƙãrẽwa.
2. Mai tsanani kamuwa da cuta, ko exacerbation na kullum.
3. teething.
4. Immunodeficiency (ragu a cikin yawan leukocytes).
5. Hypersensitivity da sinadaran.
6. M kumburi dauki ko wani ɓangare na da exacerbation.
7. Neoplasms na hematopoietic da lymphoid nama.

Bayan fama da rashin lafiya mai tsanani ko ta ƙarin tsanani yi maganin your yaro na iya zama babu a baya fiye da kwanaki 14 daga ranar da jini magani a al'ada rates. A wannan contraindications a lokuta inda yaro ta kiwon lafiya, amma cutar kamuwa da daya daga cikin iyalinsa. A sakamakon Drug Administration (da wanda inactivated alluran - lalle Ka san duk) jariran bukatar wani mako zuwa daina rubutu na gaba ciyar.

Kula ya kamata a dauka

Mutanen da suka yi ba a alurar riga kafi da polio (la'akari da shekaru) fama da immunodeficiency za a iya kamuwa daga alurar riga kafi yara da rashin lafiya maganin-hade poliomyelitis (VAP). Akwai lokuta idan yaro da cutar daga iyaye alurar riga kafi wanda ya yi AIDS ko HIV, kazalika da zumunta tare da na farko immunosuppression, ko kuma wadanda shan kwayoyi da cewa halakar da jiki ta kare tsarin (domin lura da oncological ailments).

A maganin da irin wannan cututtuka kamar cutar shan inna, idan an yi daidai da ta duk nagartacce, za ta taimaka da m baby counteract da haɗari, kuma mai tsanani da rashin lafiya. Kuma, saboda haka, zai sa yaron ya yi karfi, ya riga ya taurare jiki da kuma kare iyaye daga cikin mafi yawan matsalolin ji, wanda yawanci suna jimre iyali sosai da lafiya yaro.