Material amfani da 1 M3 kankare, da ganiya rabo lissafi siffofin da shawarwari

A yi site na kowane matakin, daga wani skyscraper zuwa kasar gidan, ba zai iya yi ba tare da kankare. Wannan abu da ake amfani da su cika tushe, erection na ganuwar a monolithic yi, da na'urar benaye da screeds a brickwork da sauran wucin gadi dutse. Shiri na kankare a daidai gwargwado, ba kawai na samar da karko da kuma ƙarfin Tsarin, amma kuma don kauce wa ba dole ba abu halin kaka.

A abun da ke ciki na kankare

A cikin sauki harka, da kankare kunshi uku aka gyara:

• M.
• Filler.
• Ruwa.

Material amfani da 1 M3 na kankare dogara a kan kaddarorin wadannan kayan. Kamar yadda m amfani da a samar da wata cakuda cements kiwon M100-M600 ƙarfi. Lokacin da gauraye da ruwa, shi Forms wani danko sosai taro wanda aka kafa a lokacin solidification na wucin gadi dutse. A cikin rawar da filler yashi da ake amfani, ko daban-daban iri tsakuwa. Wannan qara da ƙarfin da daskararre bayani, kamar a sama tsakuwa ƙarfi ciminti ƙarfi. Bugu da ƙari kuma, da yin amfani da filler rage shrinkage na ciminti cakuda.

Bayan da babban aka gyara, a cikin kankare abun da ke ciki sun hada da daban-daban Additives, bada wani bayani da ƙarin Properties: sanyi juriya, ruwa juriya, launi da sauransu.

Da ake so abu amfani da 1m3 kankare - tsakuwa, sumunti, yashi - aka ƙaddara daga wasan kwaikwayon da bukatun na cakuda.

Babban halaye na kankare

A mafi muhimmanci halayyar kankare - ta compressive ƙarfi. Dangane da kafa ƙarfi aji. Denoted English harafin "B" kuma numerals m zuwa samfurin a MPa ƙarfi. Samar kankare azuzuwan daga V3,5 zuwa B80, a injiniya mafi m mafita B15 - B30. Bugu da kari ga azuzuwan, don nuna karfin daga cikin iri za a iya amfani da su. Denoted Latin harafin "M" da kuma yawan makin na zama daidai da ƙarfi a kg / cm sq. Azuzuwan da iri wajen daidai da alaka da juna, msl, M200 bayani gana Class B15 da M300 aji V22,5.

Material amfani da 1 M3 na kankare iya bambanta da yawa dangane da ake so aji ko sa bayani.

Ya kamata a lura cewa ainihin kankare aji aka ƙaddara kawai a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje a tsawon kwanaki 28. Saboda haka, idan ya cancanta a daidai san sa cakuda, a mataki na workpiece da za a jefa dama samfurori - cubes ko cylinders na 100 mm tsawo. Zai yiwu domin sanin da ƙarfin kankare ne ma instrumental Hanyar ko guduma Kashkarova, amma wadannan hanyoyi ne kasa m.

Selection na bukata kankare aji

Da ake buƙata sa na kankare za a kayyade a cikin zane takardun ga aikin yi. Idan shiri ne da za'ayi a kan nasu, ya kamata mu ayyana iri mix, kamar yadda shi ne mai girma shafi ƙarfi da darajar da gini ko tsarin da ake gina.

Ganawa da ya fi na kowa brands na kankare da aka ba a kasa.

• M100 - Used ga gabãtarwar na'urar shigarwa parebrikov, kananan gine-gine da hakkinSa.
• M150 - yi amfani a cikin na'urar waƙoƙi ƙarshe goyon bayan enclosures.
• M200 - domin erection na ganuwar, da shirayi.
• M250 - Manufacturing monolithic kwasfanta, grills, kafuwar slabs, ɗauka da sauƙi a ɗora Kwatancen slabs, matakai, rikewa ganuwar .
• M300 - ga wani ɗora Kwatancen Tsarin: ganuwar, benaye, tushe.
• M350 - qazanta ganuwar, ginshikan, slabs, bim, m tushe.

sigogi yashi

Don shirya bayani amfani da yashi na daban-daban asalin: quarry ko kogi. Na biyu shi ne mafi fin so saboda shi yana da girma granule size, kuma ba ya dauke da impurities. Rami yashi na iya bambanta a cikin barbashi size rarraba. Zai fi dacewa, yi amfani da yashi da matsakaici da kuma manyan size granules. Tun da quarry yashi za a iya hada lãka ko wasu impurities shi ne shawarar raraka ta.

Yana da muhimmanci ga kula da danshi abun ciki na yashi. Dangane da wannan lambar kamata a kara daidaita cakuda a ruwa. A view of danshi abun ciki da kuma barbashi size rarraba da girma yawa na yashi iya bambanta daga 1.3 zuwa 1.9 t / cu m, shi wajibi ne don la'akari da kirga amfani da kayan da 1 M3 na kankare.

Selection juji

Murƙushe kankare cakuda kunsha na kankare qara ƙarfi ne, kuma na rage shrinkage a lokacin solidification. A lokacin da zabi mafi muhimmanci ne tsakuwa sulusi da murabba'i kuma ta asali.

A yi amfani da tsakuwa kasarun adadi:

• daga 5 zuwa 20 mm.
• daga 20 zuwa 40 mm.
• daga 40 zuwa 70 mm.

Dangane da raw murƙushe dutse ta kasu:

• Farar ƙasa, bisa sedimentary kankara.
• Na wanke tsakuwa tarkace.
• Dutse samar da crushing dutse-gneiss da dutse dutsen.

M yi ga ƙarfi yana da dutse kufai a karkara, don haka idan kankare aka yi tattali dõmin m Tsarin - harsãshensa, ginshikan, ceilings, shi ne mafi kyau a yi amfani da shi. Wajibi ne kada su manta da cewa kufai a karkara aka yi amfani da bai kamata ya ƙunshi impurities, musamman lãka.

ruwa-ciminti rabo

Lokacin da samar kankare farko darajar ne rabo na ciminti da ruwa. Ruwa wajibi ne ga sinadaran dauki na ciminti hydration, abu don samuwar ciminti dutse. Wannan ne rabo mahimmanci kayyade aji na kankare mix. Yana da muhimmanci a yi la'akari da iri tsementa.Chem ƙananan ruwa-ciminti rabo, da karfi da kankare. A m rabo da ake bukata domin hydration na siminti ne 0.2. A yi, da yin amfani da kankare tare da ruwa domin karfafa rabo 0.3-0.5. Gaurayawan da high ruwa-ciminti rabo ne kusan ba amfani.

Tabbatar da dalilin da kankare mix rabbai

Kamar yadda mai mulkin, domin shiri na ciminti kankare amfani da alãmarsu M400 da M500. A yi, domin sanin da amfani da siminti da 1m3 na kankare yin amfani da wadannan tebur.

Wadannan bayanai ga al'ada yanayi na zafin jiki da kuma zafi, kazalika da sumunti, da sigogi na wanda dace ga waɗanda nuna a kan kunshin. A hakikanin rai, ya kamata samar da wuce haddi ciminti ne 10-15%.

Bugu da ari, a cewar wani da aka sani yawa na ciminti lasafta a kan abu amfani 1m3 kankare, da ganiya rabo na siminti zuwa yashi da tsakuwa da aka nuna a tebur.

Ga misali, da kayan amfani da 1 M3 na kankare M200 ne: ciminti iri M500 - 240 kg Sand - 576 kg, murƙushe dutse - 984 kg Ruwa - 120 lita.

Production na kankare

Lokacin da babban kundin na kankare aiki shi ne bu mai kyau saya a shirye-gauraye kankare shuka a kusa bayarwa mahautsini. A cikin masana'antu da samar da kayan amfani rates da 1 M3 na kankare ana sa isasshe karfi. Idan wannan shi ne ba zai yiwu, za ka iya shirya bukata adadin cakuda da kuma a gida. Yana da muhimmanci a yadda ya kamata a tantance su damar - concreting raba tsarin da ya kamata a da za'ayi a daya tafi.

Kafin hadawa da cakuda sanin abu amfani da 1m3 na kankare. A lissafi na kwarara kudi ba dole ba ne yin isa ya yi amfani da tebur da ke ƙasa.

A cakuda da aka shirya a wani kankare mahautsini m adadin, kwanciya da shi a metered rabo na bushe sumunti, yashi, kuma sieved schebonki. Ruwa ya kamata a kara da cewa a rabo a cikin makon nuna.

Additives

Bugu da kari ga babban yayan na kankare Additives suna kara da cewa ga dalilai daban-daban:

• Kwatanta su. Su aka tsara don kyautata karfin da kuma ƙara da sanyi juriya na kankare.
• Plasticizers. Kara motsi da kuma waterproofness cakuda.
• Gwamnoni da motsi. Za a iya mika saitin lokaci, don kula da motsi a kai.
• Antimoroznye Additives. Samar da al'ada kãmun bayani a low yanayin zafi saukar zuwa debe 20 digiri.
• Totur. Ƙara gudun saitin ta samar da ya fi sauri magance a rana ta farko.

A cikin aikace-aikace na Additives, kayan amfani da 1 M3 na kankare kamata a ƙaddara shan la'akari da shawarwari na manufacturer. Take hakkin da umarnin don amfani iya samun quite kishiyar sakamako.