Mene ne wani lobotomy ko wani lobotomy?

Lobotomy - tiyata don ilimin halin tababbu. A ta aiwatar halaka da gamuwa da frontal lobe da sauran wurare na kwakwalwa. A wani hanya, wannan aiki da aka kira wani lobotomy. Wannan hanya da aka quite canza mutuntakar da mutum. A baya can, shi da aka amfani da su bi wani iri-iri na tabin hankali cuta kamar schizophrenia da babbar ciki. Har ila yau, wannan aiki za a iya amfani da a matsayin punitive awo da mutane cewa kowa "tsoma baki". Bayan da sabuwar dabara na daban-daban kwayoyi leucotomy daina amfani da magani domin da'a dalilai.

A karo na farko game da abin da wani lobotomy, shi ya zama sananne a 1890. Sa'an nan, duk da haka, sunayen a wannan aiki da aka ba tukuna. Swiss masanin kimiyya Gottleyb Bakhart kawar da frontal lobes na shida marasa lafiya. Biyu daga cikinsu ya mutu, da sauran da aka rubuta a matsayin canje-canje a cikin hali da kuma hali dabiu.

Tuni a karni na ashirin Portuguese masanin kimiyya Egas Moniz ɓullo da prefrontal leucotomy. A lokacin wannan aiki, domin lalata kwakwalwa Kwayoyin aka allura barasa. A kadan daga baya akwai wani kayan aiki kira leukotrienes. Doctors fara amfani da shi a maimakon barasa, wanda shi ne cutarwa ga jikin mutum. Tare da ci gaban magani kwakwalwa yankuna fara halaka ta wutar lantarki da electromagnetic taguwar ruwa. A shekara ta 1949, da Portuguese likita karbi Nobel Prize for aikinsa.

A farkon na biyu da rabi na XX karni a Amurka da za'ayi game da 5.500 ayyukan kowace shekara. Mutane da yawa likitoci sun soki ta kuma dauke dabbanci. By tsakiyar 50s da yawan ma'amaloli rage markedly. Ga mai da'a dalilai, lobotomy aka dakatar a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a 1950 bayan wani dogon tattaunawa. Wannan sanya shahara likita Vasily Giljarovsky, wanda ya gane sosai abin da lobotomy, kuma ba su yi la'akari da shi a hanyar da tabin hankali magani. A ƙasashe da dama, da hanya da aka dakatar, amma a wasu jihohi, da aiki da za a iya za'ayi a amince kafin 70-ies karni na karshe.

Lobotomy (hoton da ke ƙasa) an nuna a da yawa fairly sanannun fina-finai da kuma littattafai a cikin abin da mawallafa so in jaddada da rashin tausayi na ilimin halin tababbu. Bayan duk, sun sani cewa a lobotomy, kuma sane da ta mummunan tasiri a kan mutum. Mafi yawan mutane teyata, rage markedly dogon lokacin da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar. Man zama haushi inert, sha'aninsu dabam.

Akwai hanyoyin da dama na lobotomy. Daya daga cikin mafi inganci - mai zaman kansa hanya, wanda yana da za'ayi ba tare da bude ragargaje. Dauke da fitar da irin wannan aiki ba ya bukatar wani na musamman ilimi a fagen magani. A haƙuri iya gudanar da shi har zuwa kansa. Duk da haka, wannan ba shine mafi wani zaɓi, saboda aiki zai yi da touch.

Kwanan nan, amfani ya karu lobotomy. Musamman shi ya shafi aiki a gida. Hakika, ba shi yiwuwa su cika tare da doka, kamar yadda a halin yanzu lobotomy (darajar da yawa overrated) hukumance dakatar da jiha. Bugu da kari, shi zai iya zama haɗari, kamar wani m hanya, gudanar ba wani gwani, amma talakawa mutumin. Yau, akwai mutane da yawa da sauran, mafi aminci hanyoyin da gwagwarmaya tare da shafi tunanin mutum da cuta, a Bugu da kari ga irin wannan mahimmiyar. Saboda haka shi ne mafi alhẽri tuntubar wani gwani, wanda shi ne tabbatar da zaži da ya dace magani, kazalika da amsa wasu tambayoyi game da gaskiyar cewa irin wannan lobotomy, kuma ko da shi ne kuxi da za su gudanar.