Mun yi amfani da fungicidal jamiái domin shuka kariya daga cututtuka

Shuka cututtuka - daya daga cikin manyan Sanadin amfanin gona da asarar biyu a gwada yawa da kuma gwajin kwari sharuddan. Damage sa wani yawan pathogenic microorganisms, fungi, ƙwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin.

Domin cututtuka na shuke-shuke a cikin aikin noma, shi ne bu mai kyau don amfani fungicidal jamiái. Wannan sinadaran abu, musamman irin pesticide, wanda shi ne ke iya yin yaƙi pathogens daban-daban al'adu.

Me fungicides da ake bukata?

A fungicidal shirye-shirye ga shuke-shuke amfani da manufar da:

• yaki da cutar a lokacin da samuwar da kuma ci gaban al'adu;
• kara yawan aiki na amfanin gona da kuma 'ya'yan kasuwar kyawawa.
• kara da shiryayye rayuwar girbe 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, da kayan lambu, tubers da tsaba;
• kawar da hadarin da cututtuka da kuma guba a jikin mutane da dabbobi, shan a abinci shuke-shuke suna lalace.

Fungicides rawa a cutar management

Yawan fasaha matakan da nufin a inganta yawan aiki da kuma ingancin da tattara 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, zauna rawar fungicidal jamiái. A yi, suna iya mayalwaci sarrafa fitowan da kuma ci gaban shuka cututtuka. A daidai wannan lokaci ba su muhimmanci ƙara kudin noma amfanin gona.

Domin mafi tasiri da sakamakon fungicidal formulations amfani da cuta ko a farko bayyanar cututtuka. Wannan shi ne da farko saboda gaskiyar cewa lalacewar lalacewa ta hanyar shuka cututtuka ba su cika. Chemical jamiái ne iya kare kawai sabon uninfected yankunan.

Masana'antun amfani da m kwayoyi a matakin da ƙaramar bakin ƙofa. Matsayin mai mulkin, suna amfani da shi don rigakafin, shan la'akari kintace na Agronomists. Wannan shi ne don rage kudin na karshe samfurin, sabili da haka kara samun riba daga cikin sha'anin, kazalika da kare muhalli daga daukan hotuna zuwa sunadarai.

hanyoyin da yin amfani da

Fungicidal shirye-shirye samar a cikin nau'i na foda, granules, ko iskar gas a cikin ruwa form. Suna amfani a irin haka:

1. Processing na tsaba, kwararan fitila, seedlings. Hanyoyin da za a iya yi duka a cikin kamfanin iri, kazalika kai tsaye kafin dasa. A bisa ga al'ada amfani da:

- Shiri "fundazol". Samuwa a matsayin foda, yana da fadi bakan na mataki, da mafita da aka shirya a wani rabo daga 1 g ta 1 lita na ruwa.

- nufin "fitosporin-M". Amfani don rigakafin fungal da kuma na kwayan cututtuka. Shi ne m saboda yana da low yawan guba, ba kawo hadari ga ƙudan zuma.

- Shiri "Maxim-Cop". Yadda ya kamata amfani ga miya da dankalin turawa tubers kafin dasa, kazalika da tushen seedlings. Non-mai guba ga shuke-shuke, da tsuntsaye da kwari, nizkotoksichen ga mutane. Kamar yadda kawo hadari ga kifi, dole ne ba za a yarda lamba tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi a kududdufai.

2. Seedbed magani a furrows ko ramukan, dangane da dasa dabaru. Amfani da yawanci ruwa fungicidal formulations domin impregnation da drip ban ruwa ko matsayin directed fesa a kusa da tushe daga cikin shuka.

3. jiyya na ganye da kuma sauran m sassa na shuka ta amfani da wani sprayer. Su za a iya amfani da a matsayin karamin, hannunka-aka gudanar na'urorin, da kuma manyan iya aiki, tractors ko hawa da iska.

Domin sarrafa yin amfani da irin wannan fungicidal jamiái:

- magungunan kashe qwari "Topaz". Aiwatar da matsayin m gwargwado, kuma a matsayin zalunta miyagun ƙwayoyi. Shi yana da fadi da kewayon ayyuka. Mai guba zuwa kwari, don haka da magani daga shuke-shuke da wannan magani a lokacin flowering zamani da aka haramta. Hazard aji - 3.

- nufin "Vectra". A miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma ya hana kuma ya bi a lokaci guda da shuke-shuke daga da yawa fungal cututtuka. Samuwa kamar yadda wani bayani a vials na 2 ko 5 ml. Shi ne ba mai guba ga shuke-shuke, low yawan guba to mutane da dabbobi, amma silnotoksichen ga ƙudan zuma. Saboda haka, a lokacin da flowering shuke-shuke da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba a amfani da su.

- Shiri "HOME" (ko "oksihom"). A fungicide ne m-bakan, matuƙar tasiri da kuma nizkotoksichen. Da damar amfani da 3 makonni kafin girbi.

- Sulfur colloid. Samuwa a matsayin foda. Yadda ya kamata ya yi yãki da powdery fumfuna, kuma scab. Non-mai guba, don haka ne a yarda a yi amfani da 'yan kwanaki kafin girbi.

4. Allura itatuwa ta hanyar alluran.

5. Processing shuke-shuke a ɗaka. The iska a greenhouses aka samar da sunadarai a gaseous form. Irin wannan kudi da ake kira "fumigants". Wannan hanya sosai tasiri a yaki da pathogens, tun da sakamakon hayaki ko hazo gaba daya ƙunsa shuka da kuma samar da lokaci daya aiki na dukan sassa.

Domin na cikin gida greenhouse amfani da HCN, chloropicrin, dichloropropene, carbon disulfide, ethylene dibromide-1.

A wani irin machining nagarta sosai sake amfani fungicides ba daga baya fiye da 5 kwanaki bayan na farko etching. An sa da sinadaran mataki na haske a kan shirye-shiryen da zafin jiki da kuma erosive tasiri na halitta dalilai kamar ruwa, iska.

Iri da kuma ma'anar fungicides

Fungicides suna classified a hanyoyi da dama, dangane da halaye daban-daban:

1. Motsi a shuka. A mafi kyau duka hade da inganci da kuma aminci da Mai kusurwa biyu sunadarai cewa ba zauna a farfajiya, soaking da tushen, motsi sama da kara zuwa ga ganye da kuma flexibly matsawa daga ganyen zuwa asalinsu.

2. Aikin da Kariya: m, ko curative.

3. kewaye mataki: a daya site ko mahara.

4. pharmacological effects. Fungicidal jamiái iya kashe fungi, su tareda žata salula membranes, inactivation m ga rai na enzymes ko sunadarai tsoma baki cikin key tafiyar matakai kamar numfasawa ko samar da makamashi. Wasu daga cikin sabon ci gaba kayayyakin ne na musamman a cikin abin da ba su kai tsaye ta shafi pathogen kanta. Wadannan magunguna nuna a cikin rundunar shuka da ake kira "tsarin samu juriya" (SPU). Wadannan SPU jawo sinadaran sakonni cewa kunna takamaiman tsaro sunadaran kamar thickening na cell ganuwar da kuma ci gaban antifungal sunadaran. E. A shuka a matsayin shi samun rigakafi daga cuta-haddasa kwayoyin.

5. Type da sunadarai abun da ke ciki: inorganic ko Organic. Mutane da yawa na farko fungicides sun inorganic mahadi dangane da sulfur ko karfe ions, kamar tagulla, da kuza, da kuma cadmium Mercury, wanda ba kawai mai guba zuwa fungi amma kuma ga shuke-shuke da kansu. Copper da sulfur har yanzu yadu amfani.

Organic, sũ ne waɗanda dauke da carbon atoms a cikin kwayoyin tsarin da sinadaran mahadi. Yau da shi ne, yafi amfani da irin wannan fungicidal jamiái. Wadannan kudi ne ba kawai mai guba ga Flora, amma kuma ga kwari, dabbobi da mutane. Suna da hatsarin aji 4. Su m sakamako a kan pathogens yayin da tsare da agro-yanayin kasa kiwon lafiya.