Poetess Yulia Drunina: biography, kerawa. Poems game da soyayya da kuma yaki

Drunina Yuliya Vladimirovna - Rasha mawãƙi, wanda a ko'ina cikin m aiki kwashe jigo na yaki a ayyukansu. An haife ta ne a 1924. Ya halarci Babbar Patriotic War na 1941-1945. Wasu lokaci ya mataimakin Koli Soviet na Tarayyar Soviet. Ta rasu a shekara ta 1991.

Hakika, da bushe facts bai isa ya fahimci abin da irin mace - Julia Drunina. Biography ta cike da ban tausayi labaru, da kuma latest soyayya ne har yanzu a rubuta wakoki da kuma yin fina-finan. Saboda haka, duk abin da domin.

yara

May 10, 1924, a Moscow ta haihuwa a asibiti da aka haife yarinya wanda aka mai suna Julia. An haife ta ne a cikin wani ilimi iyali: babana kuma ya koya tarihi a Moscow makaranta, ni da uwata yi aiki a can a matsayin leburare. Mun zauna sosai matalauta, huddled a kananan mai amfani dakin.

A duk da kome da kome, daga yara mahaifinsa shuka Yule soyayya littattafai, karanta. Favorite mawallafa riga a farkon lokacin sun Faransa marubuci Aleksandr Dyuma da Soviet marubuci Lydia Charskaya. A cikin littattafai, kamar yadda tsayayya wa litattafansu, wanda aka sosai shawarar karanta ga mahaifinsa, sosai mai haske, sosai m, kuma da gaske ya bayyana da yawa m mutum motsin zuciyarmu - tsõro da ƙarfin hali, soyayya da kiyayya, rabuwa, cin amana, da kuma waɗansu da yawa.

Julia, kamar mutane da yawa matasa yi imani da cewa a cikin rayuwa kome ba shi yiwuwa cewa rayuwa ne da aka ba duk ta dandana unknown da kuma warware duk kasa warwaruwa - wannan lifelong miƙa Drunina. Ya fara rubuta wakoki a wani wuri shekaru. Tuni a cikin 1930, lokacin da ta 6 years old, ta shirya wata waka, wanda ya lashe gasar kishin yakin basasa.

"Muna da yawan makaranta tebur Sitting ..."

Ya na farko waka Druninoy, wanda aka buga a "Malam na jaridar", da kuma karanta a rediyo. Nasarar da iyaye bai yi imani 'yarsa. Uba Vladimir Drunina, ya yi kokarin hannunsa a cikin wannan aiki, ya rubuta da dama ayyuka, amma bai kai babban rabo mai girma. A lokacin da binciken ayoyin Druninoy sun akai-akai da aka buga a cikin makaranta bango jarida. A wannan lokaci, m Julia Drunina rubuta soyayya waqe, da kyau labaru, tare da Knights, da sarkin, amma sau da yawa ya kai ga batutuwa da bayanin kula ake bukata domin makaranta ayyukan. A tsawon lokaci, na ɗaukaka na 'mawãƙi aka gyarawa ga yarinya, da kuma rasa ta Julia cikakken bai so. Saboda haka, makaranta yau da kullum shekara bayan shekara tafi, kwatsam sai da yaki ya barke. Babbar gwajin shige Yulia Drunina. Biography shi aka wadãtar da sabon ban sha'awa facts, jaruntakar ayyukan ƙwarai, lambar yabo da umarni.

Matasa da War

Yuni 22, 1941 dubban yara maza da 'yan mata ya ce ban kwana ga makaranta da kuma gana da makaranta da asuba, daya daga cikinsu ya kuma Julia. Ba wanda zai iya ko tunanin cewa wannan safe zai zama m ga dukan Soviet mutane. A 5 am muka ji na farko fashewar da aka ji a rediyo sanarwa na kwatsam m. Nan da nan fara taro roko zuwa da darajõji daga cikin Soviet sojojin.

Julia Drunina kamar yadda da yawa 'yan mata da cewa lokaci, kan gaba wajen ba da kai don gaban. Yarinya da farko aka ba a yarda ya sanya yãƙi. Duk da yake a baya, shi ya tafi Nursing darussa. Wasu lokaci aiki a cikin Red Cross al'umma.

A marigayi rani na 1941, Jamus da sojojin suka fara wani aiki hari a kan Moscow, Drunina aka aika zuwa birnin Mozhaisk gundumar domin gina tsaron gida mafaka. A nan, a lokacin da hari daga cikin iska shi aka jefa daga tawagar, kuma an "ƙusance" to, wata ƙungiya daga samarin da suke bukatar wani m. A lokacin wannan lokaci na Julia karo na farko zuwa gaske fada cikin soyayya. Har yanzu ba su sani ba ba da sunan kuma da sunan uba na mutum. A dukan ayyukan da ya kasance kamar Kombat. Na dogon lokaci Julia Drunina rubuta soyayya waqe masa, game da jaruntakar ayyukan ƙwarai, kuma harafin karfe. Abin baƙin ciki, su aminci ne ƙwarai, short. A bataliya kwamandan da biyu sauran sojoji aka nike tashi da wani mine, kamar yadda Julia kanta yana mai tsanani mamaki.

A cikin wannan shekara 1941, a lokacin da Drunina karshe jũya zuwa ƙasarsa ta Moscow, tare da ta dukan iyali da aka aika zuwa Siberia. Julia ba ya so ya zauna a cikin raya, amma har yanzu tafi. Dalilin shi tursasawa: mahaifin ta kiwon lafiya, wanda shi ne har yanzu a farkon sosai na yaki sha wahala a bugun jini. A shekarar 1942, bayan na biyu, Vladimir Drunina mutu a hannun 'yarta. Bayan jana'izar, Julia Drunina yanke shawarar zuwa Khabarovsk da kuma sake-shigar da gaban line.

A Khabarovsk, ta sa suna a makaranta junior jirgin sama kwararru. Learning wuya. Ba da da ewa da ya zama sananne cewa, 'yan matan sun kammala karatunsu, ba zai yarda da wani yaki, kuma za su samar da wani ajiye rajimanti na mata. Na yi ba a shirye domin wannan Julia Drunina. Biography hade da yaki ba ya kawo karshen kawai saboda a lokacin ta sauke karatu daga reno hanya. verhovnokomanduyuschego shawarar da aka sanya 'yan mata aika da mãma, da sojojin. Sabõda haka sai ta samu na biyu Belorussian Front, a kiwon lafiya management.

Saba da Zaina

A wannan lokaci akwai wani taro na biyu-medsestrichek girls, wanda daura da wani aminci a lokacin wuya lokacin yaki. Zinaida Samsonov - m saja na likita sabis. Yana ba kawai ban da tsoro ya jimre fagen fama rauni da sojoji, amma kuma san yadda za a yi amfani da bindigogi da kuma gurneti. Domin duk lokacin da ciyar a kan yaki, hannun ta suka sami ceto fiye da hamsin Soviet an kashe sojojin da dozin Jamus. Amma Janairu 27, 1944, a lokacin da m a cikin Gomel yankin, yayin da yunƙurin cire a kanta mai raunin soja ne aka kashe ta da wani Jamus maharbi harsashi. Ta kasance kawai 19 shekaru da haihuwa. Ba zan iya zama sha'aninsu dabam to wannan mawãƙi ne. "Zaina" Julia Druninoy - daya daga cikin mafi halin yanzu rare waqe, shi yana da budurwa ta mutuwa jere, jarumi yarinya Zinaida Samson

"Zaina dauki mu kai farmaki ...

Ba mu sa ran posthumous daraja,

Muna son mu rayu tare da daraja.

... Me yasa a cikin jini bandages

Svetlokosy soja ne? "

Munanan raunuka Julia Druninoy

A 1943, Julia aka raunata yãƙi: irinta daga wani harsashi tsage shiga wuyansa, ta hanyar mu'ujiza ba tare da bugawa da carotid jijiya, wanda ya ga wasu 5 mm. Julia ne mai karfi da jirgin saman soja, ba ba saboda muhimmancin rauni. Yanke Shawara cewa shi ne kawai karce, ta girgiza ta bandeji a wuyansa, kuma ya ci gaba da zama a matsayin kiwon lafiya da 'yar'uwarta. Ba wanda ya ce wani abu (da ba kafin nan ya), ta tsĩrar da rana-da-rana sojoji, sai ya rika a kan kanta da yãƙi, tare da fadace-fadace. Amma da zarar Drunina rasa sani - a zo kawai a wani asibiti gado.

Baya daga asibiti zuwa aiki ba zai yiwu ba. Yana da aka ga wasu lokaci da ajiye domin kiwon lafiya dalilai. Back a birnin Moscow, ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da karatunsa, ƙaddamar da takardun zuwa ga Literary Institute, amma tunanin dawo da tsarin ba tare daga kansa Drunina. Poems, kwatsam, aka ba shige mataki na selection. Ta sake koma cikin gaban. Wannan lokaci, shi tsare da 1038 na biyu-propelled harbi rajimanti 3rd Baltic Front. A shekarar 1944, a lokacin da daya daga cikin fadace-fadace ta na da wani girgizawa. Kamar wancan ne ƙare ta soja.

A tsawon shekaru, ta samu title of likita sabis saja, ya aka bayar da Order of Red Star da mindar "Ga Jaruntakan".

War ya bar ta mark a kan aiki. A tsawon shekaru Julia Drunina waqe game da yaki da mutuwa rubuta kowane kayayyakin lokacin. Mutane da yawa daga cikin su sun hada da a cikin tarin na soja ayyukansu.

postwar rai

A shekarar 1944 Drunina yanke shawarar da har yanzu halarci azuzuwan a cikin Literary Cibiyar. Kuma wannan lokaci shi yana farawa a tsakiyar shekara da kuma binciken ba tare da ƙofar Nazarin. Ki ta ba daya dares. Ta halarci azuzuwan a wani fis jaket da zane takalma. Julia rubuta Drunina waqe game da yaki, a cikin abin da kowane layi ne Ribar da baƙin ciki, ƙarfin hali kuma feats. A wallafa su collections bai sa, kawai lokaci-lokaci ya tambayi wani daga abokai kama da yana aiki da kyau. Zai yiwu shi ya sa da mawãƙi ta daraja ya zo da ita ne kawai bayan mutuwarsa.

iyali

Daga takwarorinsu, ta gana da wani saurayi mai suna Nicholas, wanda a cikin wannan hanya kamar yadda ayyana m for soja. Ga wasu lokaci da biyu haɗu, kuma nan da nan bayan da suka yi rajista da su aure.

A shekarar 1946 da iyali da yaro da aka haife - 'yar Julia da kuma Nicholas Druninoy Starshinova. Kokarin da kadan yaro mai cin lokaci. Ya tilasta karamar uwa cewa akwai ba su karanta, kuma shayari. Kudi da aka ba a samu a cikin gidan, da kuma Julia bai san yadda za a gudanar da tattalin arzikin: shi ne mafi sharri ko da gudanar na farko abincin dare.

Nikolai Starshinov bayan lokaci mai tsawo shared tunanin na dafuwa damar iya yin komai na matarsa: "Wata rana, - ya ce - ta ciyar da ni miya, wanda shi ne kyawawan yawa ma m, kuma da wani bakon launi. Kawai bayan kisan aure, Julia furuci da ni abin da suka kasance lumps dankali a fãtunsu, dafa shi da mahaifiyarta. Na furta cewa dadi miya ban kuwa ci. "

Nicholas kuma Julia saki a 1960.

Last soyayya

Duk da yake har yanzu aure, Julia gana da screenwriter Alekseem Kaplerom. A soyayya tsakanin su ya barke kusan nan da nan, amma Drunina shekara shida fafitikar da wannan ji, kokarin ci gaba da iyali tare. Amma duk da haka soyayya ya fi karfi. Kusan shekaru ashirin da ya rayu a cikin cikakken jituwa Julia da Alex kasance ba mai hana babu bambanci a shekaru ko wuri na Rasha mace.

Yanzu Julia Drunina soyayya waqe duqufa zuwa gare shi - Aleksei Kapler. A shekarar 1979, bayan kasawa ga nauyi duka ciwon daji mataki mata ya mutu. Domin Julia shi ne mai girma hasãra. Live shi, kuma ba koya ba tare da shi.

Mutuwa Yulii Druninoy

Ga wasu lokaci Soviet mace, da babban waƙen da aka ƙoƙarin komawa zuwa al'ada rayuwa, amma ya gagara. A jirgin saman soja domin rayuwa, Julia Drunina kerawa da kansu ba zai bari ka tafi, kuma rayuwa da kuma ganin niƙẽwa kasa, ya zama ba zai yiwu ba.

Ya yi kokarin hannunsa a siyasa, kokarin kare hakkin mahalarta na Great Patriotic War, da hakkokin mutanen da suka komo daga yaki a Afghanistan. Amma babu wani daga wannan ya faru. Sabõda haka kada ka sami ma'ana cikin rayuwa, ta yanke shawarar da ya yi kunar bakin wake.

Nuwamba 20, 1991 ta jiki da aka samu a cikin gareji gidansa: ta suffocated ta shaye tururi daga cikin mota. Ta farko mijinta yana daga cikin dalilan da cewa tura Yuliyu Druninu irin wannan matsananciyar mataki, da ake kira da cewa ta ba ya so ya tsufa. Ta tsoratar da tsufa da kuma gazawan. Julia so kasance ko da yaushe matasa, amma rashin lafiya da shekaru, da rashin alheri, ba a yarda a yi wannan. Saboda haka kawo karshen rayuwa na babban waƙen wartime Drunina Yuliya Vladimirovna. Ta aka binne shi kusa da Alekseem Kaplerom a kan Starokrymskiy hurumi.

A karshe waka

"Ina da barin, babu iko. Kawai daga nesa

(All suna yi masa baftisma!) Addu'a

Fiye da nan, kamar ka, - ga zaɓaɓɓu

Rike a kan wani dutse Rasha.

Amma ina tsoro cewa kai ne m.

Domin na zabi mutuwa.

Kamar yadda kwari derailed Rasha,

Ba zan iya, ba na so don duba! "

A karshe aiki, ta kira da gaskiya jawo rasuwarsa. A takaice lokaci daga baya da Tarayyar Soviet shi ne gaba daya disorganized.

Julia Drunina biography ... wannan mace ba za ta bar kowa sha'aninsu dabam. Wasu hukunta shi domin kula da rai, yayin da wasu masu kula da wannan shawarar, amma sun yarda cewa ta ya tafi, da barin wani ɓangare na rai a waqe.

A mafi m ayyukansu: "BOBs hatsin rai uncompressed", "Kada ku hadu da da farko love", "Zaina" Julia Druninoy. Suka har yanzu karanta makaranta da kuma adult yara, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa rayuwa da aka zauna ba a banza soja mata, sanannen mawãƙi ne.