Prince Svyatopolk Izyaslavich. Cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin a zamanin mulkin Svyatopolk

Karatu sarakuna da harshen damo cewa mulki birane Kiev Rus (Kiev, Novgorod, Chernigov, Vladimir-Volynskii) da kuma sauran masana tarihi yi layi daya kamar yadda alaka da ãyõyinMu, kuma mutuntakar shafi samuwar mai girma jihar Kiev Rassi.

Svyatopolk Izyaslavich daina tuna a matsayin zuriyar aikatãwa na kasashen waje da manufofin, ya yi kadan domin hadin kai da ke jihar.

Pedigree Svjatopolka Izyaslavich

Svyatopolk (christened Michael) da aka haife Nuwamba 8, 1050 Mahaifinsa Izyaslav Yaroslavich shi ne Prince of Kiev. Wane ne uwa, ba su sani ba bisa ga yaƙĩni. A cewar wasu kafofin, shi kuwa ƙwarƙwarar mahaifinsa, bisa ga wasu kafofin - 'yar Polish sarki Mieszko II - Gertrude.

Svjatopolka uba ya nufin dan Yaroslava Mudrogo, da kuma Yaren mutanen Sweden gimbiya Ingegerd (Irene a baftisma).

Izyaslav sarkin Kiev Svyatopolk lokacin da ɗansa shi ya da shekaru 19 da haihuwa, kuma ya sa shi ya yi mulkin a Polotsk a 1069.

Historical tsawon Kievan Rus bayan mutuwar Yaroslava Mudrogo dauke m lokaci a lokacin da Svyatopolk Izyaslavich da sauran sarakuna suka kullum a yaki da juna da kuma Polovtsy.

Farkon sarautar

A zamanin dansa Izyaslav Polotsk dade kawai 2 shekaru, bayan da ya yi bar birnin da kuma komawa zuwa mahaifinsa a Kiev, kamar yadda tsohon Ikklesiya Bishop kõma birnin.

A cikin shekaru 1073-1077 Sviatopolk tare da mahaifinsa kuwa yana gudun hijira, da kuma bayan Izyaslav sake ci sarauta a Kiev, ba dansa Novgorod, wanda ya yi mulki har 1088. Tare da 1089 a 1093 ya yi sarauta a Turov. A mutuwa na karshe daga cikin 'ya'yan Yaroslava Mudrogo ya kai ga cewa gwamnati a Kiev ya je farinsa jikan - Svyatopolk.

Yayin da mutane na Kiev so ya yi mulkin su, Vladimir Monomakh, ƙarami jikan Yaroslav, bai so ya karya doka, kuma gayyace dauki Svjatopolka ya'yan sarakuna ba kursiyin. Saboda haka, a 1093, ya zama da Prince of Kiev.

The yaƙi da Polovtsy

Board Svyatopolka Izyaslavicha a Kiev dade yayyanke daga 1093 zuwa 1113, ya kuma kasance a cikin memory daga cikin mutane a matsayin m, kuma m-lokaci. A shekara ta fari ta tabbatar da cewa a takaice-gani mulkin sabon yarima, a talauci gane halin da ake ciki na Kievan Rus 'a kasashen waje da manufofin.

Duk da yake Svyatopolk Izyaslavich dauki kursiyin, Polovtsian taro tafi in yi yaƙi da Rasha. Amma bayan koyo game da sabon Prince, ya aika da jakadu zuwa cikin duniya, kuma daban-daban da bukatun ga ta ƙarshe. Prince bai saurare shawara na boyars, da suke da shawara a lokacin da mahaifinsa da kawu, da kuma gafala da bukatar su warriors, wanda ya zo bayan shi daga Turov, ƙarasa bayan tsare.

Wannan shawarar alama farkon na bala'i da cewa tare da dukan kwamitin Svyatopolk. Polovtsy tafi yaki, kuma ko da yake yarima sallami Manzanni, kuma miƙa zaman lafiya, ya yi latti. Tare da tawagar kawai 800 sojoji, ba ya iya tsayayya da Polovtsian yarima.

Bayan sauraron, a karshe, da Kiev boyars Sviatopolk nemi taimako daga Chernigov Prince Vladimir Monomakh. Bai zo shi kadai, da kuma kira da ɗan'uwansa Rostislav tare da tawagar. Amma ko da ya tara sojoji tare, sun gano cewa adadin su ne sosai na baya Polovtsian sojojin.

Lokacin da jama'a biyu suka haɗu a kan daban-daban bankunan na kogin Stugna, Vladimir samarwa shiga cikin tattaunawar da Polovtsy, amma Svyatopolk bai kasa kunne ga shawara da kuma yanke shawarar zuwa yãƙi, wanda ya juya ga zama yankunan ga Rus. Svyatopolk gudu tare da saurã daga sojojinsa a Trepol sa'an nan a Kiev.

Vladimir Monomakh a wannan yaki rasa ɗan'uwansa, kuma mafi yawan masu gadi da kuma boyars da kuma mayar da su zuwa Chernigov a baƙin ciki. Cumans suka mamaye kuma suka rusa ƙasar ga arewa na Kiev da halaka birnin Torchesk, kamawa dukan mazaunanta cikin bauta.

Kawai a 1094 Svyatopolk Izyaslavich, a lokacin wanda sarautar fara da nauyi asarar da, ya yi amana da Cumans ta auri 'yar mafi tasiri Khan - Tugorkana.

Majalisar Liubech

A gwagwarmaya daga cikin sarakunan Chernigov da Novgorod gado ya kai ga m jayayya da zubar da jini, mun ba su yanke shawarar samun tare da shugabanni da kuma shirya duk da al'amurran da suka shafi duniya. A 1097 a Liubech muka hadu da jikan Yaroslav Mai hikima: Svyatopolk Izyaslavich, Vladimir Monomakh, David I., Oleg da ɗan'uwansa David kuma Vasilko Rostislavich.

Dalilin da taron shi ne domin hada kan shugabannin Kievan Rus ' da waje makiya da kuma sanya wa kowanne daga cikinsu a matsayin gado, wanda suka kowa na da hakkin a karkashin doka. Wannan ya yi haka da cewa shugabanni ba su yi da'awar a ƙasa na juna da kuma bai gudanar da yaƙe-yaƙe internecine.

Duk sun amince da a da rabo daga cikin ƙasar, kuma wadanda za su sarauta da kuma inda. Shugabannin sumbace gicciye a matsayin wata ãyã cewa su yarda da yanke shawara, da kuma yi musu wa'adi ba su karya shi. Kuma duk sun amince da cewa gama da wadanda suka karya rantsuwar.

Da shawarar da majalisar dokokin da aka tarihi muhimmancin, kamar yadda a fili yana nuna ciki fragmentation na Kievan Rus cikin raba m mulkoki, a shirye su shiga a cikin taron na waje barazana. Duk da wannan ya shafi dangantakar dake tsakanin Yarima da kuma canza shi kawai mutuwa Svyatopolka Izyaslavicha da zuwa ga ikon Vladimira Monomaha.

Congress, a Vitecheve

Sviatopolk keta rantsuwa a Liubech, sauraron David m jawabin cewa ya ji kishin 'yan'uwa cornflowers da Valadar Rostislavich. Cornflower gayyace zuwa ranar haihuwar, Sviatopolk yarda David makantar da shi da kuma kawo a cikin Vladimir.

Wannan harka, fusãtar da duk boyars da shugabanninmu, kamar yadda irin wannan insidious rashin tausayi da aka ba tukuna, daga gare su. Vladimir Monomakh kira a kan sauran 'yan Congress of yan'uwa Oleg da kuma David Svyatoslavich kuma ya tafi Kiev.

Infighting ya faru ne kawai saboda karban Kiev da Rasha ƙasar zo uwar rana Vladimir. Shugabannin bukaci Sviatopolk tafi yaki tare da David Igorevich, wanda ya yi a 1099

Bi bayan da yaki ya haifar da wani sabon Congress, wadda aka gudanar a 1100 a Vitichevske. Its sakamako ne Accession na Vladimir-Volyn Svyatopolk zuwa kasa.

Dolobsky Congress

Dolobsky Congress a 1103 aka nada Vladimirom Monomahom, to ka yi shãwara da Kiev yarima a kan bukatar neman da Polovtsy. Svyatopolk Izyaslavich, cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin wanda a wani hanya da gudummawar da tabbatarwa daga Rasha da kuma samun 'yanci daga karkiyar da Polovtsian, ba ya so da soja kamfen, ambatawa a so ba domin yaki da mayakan sa kai, da kuma a shuka.

A wani taro a lake Dolobskogo, a kan hagu banki na Dnieper, Vladimir gudanar da wani jawabin a cikinsa ya bukaci da cewa kafin shuka ya kamata a ƙarfafa iyakoki, ba makiya ba kufai kauyuka da shũka ƙone.

Ya gamsu da retainers, kuma Svyatopolk a cikin larura na yaki da Polovtsy. Saboda haka fara gangamin da Rus invaders.

Yin yawo polovtsev

Kaddamar a 1103 ya zama na farko soja mataki na jam'iyya daga cikin sarakunan Kievan Rus da Polovtsian khans. Wanda dade fiye da shekaru 7 da adawa tsakanin haɗuwar jama'a biyu, ya kai ga cewa kowane sabon yaƙi rusichi zira kwallo a crushing nasara.

Hukunci yaƙi ya zama yaki Maris 27, 1111, lokacin da Polovtsian dakarun bai tsira da mãsu alãma daga m sojojin Rasha, da kuma gudu. Sarakuna tare da m ganima koma gida.

Mata da yara Svjatopolka

A cikin farko da matar Svjatopolka masana tarihi sani ba wani abu ba, amma a cikin wannan aure da aka haife:

• dan Yaroslav (1072-1123) - at daban-daban sau da Prince Vladimir-Volyn, Vyshgorod da Turov.
• ya Anna (1136 hankali.).
• ya Sbyslava (d 1111.).
• Predslava yar.

Matarsa ta biyu 'yar Khan Tugorkana, baftisma Elena. Daga wannan aure da aka haife:

• Bryachislav (1104-1123).
• Izjaslav (ya mutu a 1127.).
• Maria (d. Bayan 1145).

Babban dan Svyatopolk kuwa ɗan Mstislav (d. 1099), haifaffen da ƙwarƙwara.

Mutuwa Svjatopolka Izyaslavich (kwanan wata 16.04.1113) ya kai ga m tawaye a Kiev. Mutane m da zamanin marigayi Duke, ta bukata kursiyin Vladimira Monomaha. Kawai don dakatar da tashin, ya amince da ci sarauta a Kiev.

Svyatopolk a tarihin Kievan Rus '

Mutuwa Svjatopolka Izyaslavich sa kawo karshen Lokaci na matsaloli, wanda a tarihin Kievan Rus kira daya daga cikin mafi jini da kuma m. Da zuwan zamanin Vladimira Monomaha da zarar karayar harkar shugabanci ya united da kuma iko al'umma.

Misali na jini tashin da m asarar rai a lokacin short-gani da kuma rashin qarfin zuciya Svjatopolka siyasa ya zama for m shugabanni na Kievan Rus 'gargadi.