Reserve Voronezh. Voronezh Jihar Muciya Reserve

Tourist hanya Voronezh shekara jawo hankalin dubban matafiya. Kuma wannan shi ne wani hatsari. Reserves Voronezh yankin - wani wuri inda yanayi ne da kiyaye su a cikin kusan ruwan tekun Atlantika yanayin. Wadannan picturesque wurare ne a hankali tsaro ba ne kawai da gwamnatin Rasha, amma kuma ta hanyar wasu kungiyoyin kasa da kasa. Daya daga cikin wadannan shafukan ne "Divnogorie". Wannan ajiye yana da musamman halitta wuri mai faɗi. An located a mahaɗar tsakãninsu da River Don kuma shuru Pine. Wannan gidan kayan gargajiya-ajiye a shekara janyo hankalin yanayi masoya tsantsa, sabo iska. A wannan na musamman wuri ya ƙunshi daban-daban gine-gine da Monuments. Saboda haka, a nan ne Ruhu Mai Dormition sufi hadaddun, wanda a daban-daban sau housed da makõma, da hutu gida, ko da yake da farko shi ne mai sufi. Wani rare tabo ne dauke da Voronezh Jihar Forest. Basaraken wannan unspoiled ƙasa da abin da mazauna zauna, koyi m daga cikin labarin.

Tarihin kafuwar

Voronezh Muciya Reserve aka located 40 km daga cibiyar birnin. Yana da aka halitta domin a adana yawan kogin otters. Godiya ga dace kula da wannan nau'in ba kawai ba ya bace, amma kuma ƙwarai ya karu da yawan jama'ar. Af, da na halitta tsarin ne a duniya kawai dabbar beaver gandun daji. A ƙarshen XX karni Hurumi samu matsayi na biosphere ajiye ta UNESCO. A farkon gaba karni, ma'aikatar albarkatun kasa ta koya masa ya tsare biyu wasan reserves. Sun kasance cikin "Stone steppe" da "Voronezh".

yankin iyaka

Voronezh Muciya Reserve a kan uku bangarorin shaci yankin na haihuwa Usman boron. Halitta hadaddun aka located a kan wani lebur yanki a kan hagu gāɓar kogi. Daga yamma iyaka da ajiye domin 5 km gudanar a layi daya ga gado na ruwa ya kwarara. A gefen kudu ya gudanar tare da Railway line. Af, kawai 'yan kilomita daga tashar, "Count", wanda aka located a kan wannan sashe na hanya, shi ne tsakiyar gidan gona na ajiye. Yana mayar da hankali yawon shakatawa da kuma administrative hadaddun, dabbar beaver gandun daji na wani gwaji yanayi da bincike dakunan gwaje-gwaje. Bugu da kari, a nan za ka iya ziyarci shahara Museum of Nature.

kududdufai

A kan ƙasa da na halitta hadaddun ne Voronezh River da kuma Usmanka. Da farko, quite zurfi, ruwa ya kwarara aka located a kauyen Ramon. Kogi na biyu ne a aikin gandu na Voronezh kuma kunshi jerin oblong tabkuna - kai. Wadannan abubuwa suna juna ta hanyar kunkuntar kõguna daga swampy backwater da kuma rairayin bakin teku. Usmanki hanyar yafi gudu tare da gandun daji. A bushe shekaru, da ducts zama sosai m koguna.

halitta arziki

Kusan daukacin yankin, wanda shi ne mai ajiye Voronezh, Usman gandun daji cover, gandun daji da suke da wani insular hali. Bugu da kari, akwai wakilan da steppe Flora da tsire-tsire ne yafi arewacin gandun daji. Sunan "boron" ba da gaske zartar da wannan halitta tsararru. Ko da yake a nan, da ya auku, yafi Pine, amma sauƙi gauraye, da heterogeneity na kasa, daban-daban ruwan karkashin kasa zurfin saving ya kai ga wani gagarumin iri-iri a cikin ciyayi. Ƙwarai rinjayi da mutum. A sakamakon haka, a yau pinewood daukan ba fiye da kashi daya cikin uku na ajiye yankin. Ambata cewa, a yammacin ɓangare na da na halitta hadaddun na Pine ne sabon abu ga wannan irin size. Wato, da itatuwa ba da "jirgin" ikon yinsa, da kuma asallanta karfi mai lankwasa. Irin wannan halitta bayyananen hade tare da matalauta danshi samar da wadannan wurare, saboda haka, talakawa abinci mai gina jiki.

A cikin ƙasa inda da Voronezh Muciya Reserve, dangane da ƙasa danshi kusa da itacen oak na iya girma Rowan, tsintsiya da kuma ceri steppe. Na ganye cover kunshi yawanci na Bor shuke-shuke. Wannan Carex Ericetorum da palmate, m hawkweed, Veronica m da sauransu. Kusan duk na ƙasa cover na halitta hadaddun lichen da gansakuka. 29% na halitta hadaddun shagaltar da deciduous gandun daji. Suna yafi located a kan gangara na watershed Voronezh - Usmanka. Har ila yau, wadannan halitta fasali za a iya samu a gabashin ɓangare, a kan iyakar kasar tare da steppe. Wannan gandun daji yanki na kowa itacen oak gandun daji sedge, sedge da cheremuho- snytevye. A cikin farko bene na tsararru na deciduous mamaye yafi centenarians (itatuwan oak har zuwa 160 years). Daga cikin su akwai kuma ash. Na biyu, ban da wadannan jinsunan, girma Elm kuma Linden. A undergrowth faruwa yafi Euonymus, Hazel da cherries. Ƙasa broadleaf gandun daji ajiye rufe m sedge, goutweed, lungwort da kuma sauran ganye. Bugu da kari Pine da kuma itacen oak gandun daji, a cikin halitta hadaddun na Voronezh kowa Birch da Aspen gandun daji. Har ila yau, kusan 2.5% na yankin wakilta marshy ƙasa.

ruwa Flora

A lokacin rani lokaci al'arshi na ajiye tafkunan rufe blooming ruwa furannin bi-rana da kuma Potbelly vodokras. Kusa da kõguna da aikin gandu na kogin Ivnitsa a Inuwa wuraren za a iya samu sosai showy shuka - fern, jimina fern. Har ila yau, a kan ƙasa shagaltar da ta Reserve Voronezh, lzhekamysh talakawa ke tsiro. A cewar da yawa botanists, wannan shuka ne a relic na post-glacial lokaci. Wannan mu'ujiza yanayi za a iya samu ne kawai a wuri guda na ajiye - kusa da tafkin tsabta.

dabba duniya

A fauna da ajiye su ne mafi yawa gandun daji jinsunan. Yawan hoofed advantageously kasaftawa Boars colonizing deciduous dazuzzuka. Number of Roe ma quite high. Su habitats ne wuraren densely overgrown itatuwa ko shrubs. Ba kawai ne Elk, wakilan da taiga zone, da kuma ja barewa. Tsororuwar ci gaban da adadin su fadi zuwa 1970. Sai yawan kai 1200 mutane. Amma akwai Wolves a cikin gandun daji kusan zasu kare garken shanun. A halin yanzu, akwai kawai 'yan dozin. Common a cikin filaye da wani rekun kare da kuma wani fox.

Dabbar beaver, godiya ga wanda ya fara ta zama Reserve Voronezh, a zaune kage a cikin daban-daban kududdufai. Ya ɓullo da shi aiki ta hanyar gina dams da digging zurfi ramukan. Na kan tuddai na deciduous gandun daji ne badgers "garuruwa". A sosai ramukan, da alaka da wani tsarin da hadaddun motsa, waɗannan dabbobi rayuwa ga fiye da daya da shekaru goma. Common a ajiye ne stoat, weasel da marten. Kusa da tafkunan stalking da ganima American mink. Saboda haka shi ya maye gurbin ta Turai "dan uwan" a cikin thirties na 20th karni. Hakori zaune tsibirin gandun daji steppe. Mazauninsu ga dormice ne secretive gandun daji itatuwan oak. Akwai fiye da gina jiki. A Razdolnaya matakan live jerboa da dabbare-dabbare ƙasa kurege, amma da lambar ya auku da cika fuska a tsawon shekaru. Hollows na tsohon itatuwa samar da gidaje ga wani iri-iri iri (wanda akwai 12) jemagu. Popular ruwan kasa dogon-eared jemage, jemagu (gandun daji da kuma Dwarf). Wasu daga cikin wadannan iri dabbobi masu shayarwa ya bambanta a mita da kuma iyakance rarraba.

tsuntsãye

137 jinsunan tsuntsaye zauna da Voronezh Reserve. Masters na itacen oak da kuma gauraye gandun daji ne passerines, lissafta ga kusan rabin jimlar yawan iri daban-daban tsuntsaye. Rigar fadamun, overgrown tare da shrubs, a floodplains shirya Bluethroat tare da m "gaba-gaba" da kuma Citrine wagtail. Baki karya ruwa ance kamar yadda Kingfisher talakawa gidãjensu. Wannan kananan, amma dexterous mai nutsa kifaye za a iya bambanta daga sauran tsuntsaye a kan wani ja da nono, da kuma blue-kore da baya. Shrike, Shrike fi son clearings da sarƙaƙƙiya. Nan za ka iya saduwa da wani greenfinch tare da kore gashinsa kuma suka kange warbler. An asalin sunan tsuntsu ya samu domin ta kama zuwa wata shaho. Yellow idanu da haske nono tare da duhu speckles ne sosai kama da wannan predator. Gray cranes zaba domin su tsara undergrowth alder nisa da tushe. Yawan nau'i-nau'i daga zama a can dabam daga 6 zuwa 15. River Ivnitsa tattarã game da babban mallaka na waɗannan tsuntsaye (150 BP). A marshy yankunan settles bittern, yayin da kawai kananan fi son steppe kududdufai. White stork - daya daga cikin m da kyau tsuntsaye - more kwanan nan, việt gida a nan. Kananan toadstool, a sosai rare jinsunan tsuntsaye za a iya gani a cikin gandun daji kandami, da kuma a cikin steppe - mafi ko kai. Daban-daban iri waders sun zaba a matsayin da wurin zama da bankunan na gudãna da kõguna.

tsuntsaye masu cin nama

Fauna su kiyasta goma sha biyar jinsunan. Tare da saba wakilan tsakiyar band rayuwa a nan rare samfurori. Muna magana ne game da wani maciji mikiya, da gaggafa-Dwarf, zuma ungulu, hange mikiya, na sarki mikiya, zinariya mikiya, da fari-tailed gaggafa. Common tsuntsaye kamar tawny mujiya, dogon-eared da short-eared mujiya. A karshen halitta da fadamun Semi-mulkin mallaka irin shiri. Kaka da spring a cikin Voronezh Reserve, wanda photos za a iya gani a cikin labarin, da kuma daga 39 jinsunan tsuntsaye ƙaura. Wasu daina akwai a garkunan tumaki dubu da dama da ɗari mutane. A cikin bazara na wannan Rooks, kuma a cikin kaka kwana - da geese (fari-fronted da Bean).

abubuwa masu rarrafe

A zurfafan ruwaye zaune fadama kunkuru. Su ne ba sosai, domin 'yan wurare dace da clutches na qwai. An yi zaton cewa kifi ne babban abinci da irin wannan halitta mai rarrafe. Saboda haka, kunkuru aka dauke cutarwa ga ruwa masana'antu. Amma a gaskiya, shi Ciyarwar a tsutsotsi, kwari kuma su larvae, tadpoles, newts, da ƙananan kifaye, waƙoƙi, daban-daban na fari. A muhalli tsarin na kunkuru daukan wurin wani irin muhalli da kuma mai zaɓin, ta kawar da waxannan cututtukan ko matattu kwari.

amphibia

Sau da yawa za ka iya samun m Kadangare. Akwai biyar jinsunan frogs. Mafi na kowa daga gare su - da na kowa rana. Yana da aka mai suna haka kwatsam. Rayuwa kusa da ruwa, wannan haske launin toka da ruwan kasa spots toad gland shine yake sake ta wari, kamar turare da tafarnuwa. Tare da taimakon da Hind kafafu ta deftly binne shi a cikin ƙasa a kusan tsaye matsayi. Jin yadda babu kome hatsari, ta iya saduwa ta fuska da fuska. Inflating, emitting gargadi sauti toad shugaban buga da abokan gaba.

kifi

Iri-iri iri iya zama alfahari da kogin Voronezh. Shi ne mai arziki a cikin duka biyu manyan wakilan da dabba duniya kududdufai (Pike, burbot, catfish), kazalika da matsakaici da kuma kananan. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne wani bijimin-tsutsik. Irin wannan funny sunan shi gare ta bayyanar. Elongated shambura a kafafen hancinsa, kamar spaniel ta kunnuwa, rataye sama da babba lebe. Bayyanar da peculiar hanya don motsawa karkashin ruwa, kamar yadda idan sniffing a duk - Waɗannan su ne babban dalilan da ya sa kifi samu wani funny sunan.