SPF: abin da zabi? Ƙiyasi, reviews

Translation na] a] en na daga gaba fensho gudunmawar NPF mafi kula da jama'a na Rasha daga shekarar 2014, a lokacin da akwai canje-canje da fanshon na Rasha Federation. Tun 2014 da fensho a Rasha aka kasu kashi biyu Categories: tanadi da inshora premiums. Kuma da aiki bangare na kasar a kan ritaya wata damar canza "rabo": watsi da tanadi a inshora alfarma, ko zuba jari su zama abokin ciniki na ba-jihar kamfanoni.

Ta yaya ne fensho a Rasha?

Jama'a suka sami "fari" Hakkin (na aikin da aikin tare da shekara-shekara biya zuwa haraji hukumomi da fanshon) suna da hakkin su kan kai da ja da baya shekaru samun amfanin daga jihar - tutur taimakon kudi. A 2014, fensho tsarin a cikin kasar ta tafi, ta hanyar wani reorganization, da kuma 22% na inshora premiums biya da maigidan haya da fanshon na Rasha Federation ga kowane ma'aikaci, za a iya kafa a cikin wadannan hanyoyi:

• 16% tafi zuwa ga inshora na zamantakewa bayar wa, 6% ne ma'aikaci tanadi gudunmawar, wanda zai iya karban (batun indexation, idan sanya miƙa mulki ga NPF) a dunƙule Naira Miliyan Xari a ja da baya ko watse su saukar a cikin kowane wata biya.
• kawai inshora part: 22% na 22% na yiwu (nuna kin amincewa da samuwar da tarawa rabo (0%) a kan son rai da yarda daga cikin jama'a ko rashin tabbas a zabar NPF - "shiru").

Idan hali na farko bambance-bambancen da nan gaba pensioner zauna kawai domin sanin SPF (wanda ya zabi), sa'an nan a cikin hali na gazawar da tanadi da shi ta atomatik watsa Aka gudanar da gudunmawar da jihar m (zama wani "shiru type" - wani abokin ciniki wanda ba a kamu da masu zaman kansu kudi da kuma bai dauki amfani da ta damar da za su kara fensho).

Wanda yana da hakkin ya canza wurin da] a] en na daga fensho

Make miƙa mulki ga NPF, ceton 6% domin zuba jari a cikin daidai da yawan amfanin ƙasa na ba-jihar kamfanonin iya ba duk 'yan ƙasa na Rasha Federation:

• haife kafin 1967 da ba su da ikon canja girman da inshora part, su sami damar zuwa masu zaman kansu shirin, kammala a cikin tsarin na co-kudi na pensions, wanda za a iya haɗa ta RF fanshon ofishin ko kamfanoni.
• Sauran shekaru kungiyoyin ne samuwa a zabi: ya kasance "shiru iri", ko kai nan gaba a cikin hannuwansu, nazarin riba na fansho da kuma rating da asusun sahihi.

Yi amfani da dama canja wuri na iya zama m ga duk 'yan ƙasa da shekaru kungiyar (wanda a shekara ta 2016 kashe ba fiye da 49 shekara) zuwa 31 Disamba 2015. Waɗannan mutane wanda daga Janairu 1, 2014 gudunmawar da fanshon da ayyuka a karon farko, gwamnati ta mika zabi kafin karshen shekara ta 2018. Kuma idan su shekaru a lokacin miƙa mulki ya kasa da shekaru 23, da miƙa mulki ga ƙuduri wanda aka kiyaye shi har ritaya "shekaru."

A fanshon ne daban-daban daga wadanda ba jihar kamfanonin?

Sunã shakka a cikinsa da NPF (wanda za a zabi, don samun matsakaicin kudin shiga da kuma amincewa da samun da fensho), kamfanonin inshora, abokan ciniki manta da cewa, sabanin da ba a jihar kudi, da RF fanshon tabbatar da shekara-shekara indexation na gudunmawar, gyara domin kumbura. Abin da kudi halin da ake ciki sun kasance a cikin ƙasa, da inshora fensho za a biya a full da accrued amfani.

SPC ba da tabbacin 100% cewa amfanin ƙasa lasafta hannu a kan yarjejeniyar kwangila ayyuka don ci gaba a wannan kudi a lokacin Indexing lokaci. amfanin ƙasa coefficients dogara ne a kan yawan abokan ciniki, da darajar da kudi fayil, jimlar girma na biya na pensions asusun mambobi da kuma waje dalilai: kumbura, gasar a kasuwar na fensho garambawul (a 2015 Babban Bankin NPF dauki karkashin musamman iko). A zaman kansa kamfanin a cikin hali na ci gaba mai dorewa yayi wani damar kara jari na sau da yawa, ko samun wani "tsirara" adadin kange gudunmawar (korau riba).

Rating NPF-2016 a kan manufa na riba

A mafi girma da ake samu a cikin wadanda ba gwamnati asusu, da mafi m shi ya dubi kamar a cikin idanu na abokin ciniki. Top NPF (top 5) don tabbatar da mafi yawan zuba jari ga bincikar lokaci (shan la'akari da shekara-shekara talakawan):

1. JSC "OTF su. Livanov" (12.9%).
2. "Turai PF" (12.4%).
3. "Ural Finance House" (11.4%).
4. "Ilimi kuma Science" (11.1%).
5. "Ilimi" (11%).

Rating riba na APF a kan accrual akai shi ne daban-daban:

1. CJSC "Promagrofond" (17.3%).
2. 'Acceptance' (12.7%)
3. "Magnet" (12.2%).
4. "Turai PF" (10.9%).
5. "Sberfond" (10.2%).

riba martaba damar zuwa zabi NPF, tarawa factor cewa zai sadu da tsammanin na inshora.

Abin da NPF mafi m?

A lokacin da zabar mai zaman kansa fensho kamfanin taka muhimmiyar rawa NPF AMINCI tsare ta son rai hannu na kamfanin a cikin ranking na m hukumomin.

Mafi tasiri manazarta hukumomin a fagen pensions gane kamar "Kwararre RA" da "RA National".

List of NPF, wanda aka sanya exceptionally high (A ++), matakin AMINCI na "Kwararre RA":

• "Diamond Autumn".
• "Atomgarant".
• "To-kasancewa".
• "Welfare EMENSI".
• "Great."
• "Vladimir".
• "VTB PF".
• "Gazfond".
• "Turai PF".
• "Kit Finance".
• "National".
• "Neftegarant".
• "Gazfond ritaya tanadi."
• "Promagrofond".
• "SAFMAR".
• "CSG".
• "Savings Bank".
• JSC "Surgutneftegaz".

A rating dillancin "National" ta buga ta jerin NPF, wanda suke da kudi ƙarfi (AAA), da kuma sadu da wajibai zuwa ajiyar.

Yana hada 9 kamfanonin, 6 da abin da ake gane ta biyu hukumomin mafi m:

• "To-kasancewa".
• "Turai PF".
• "Kit Finance".
• "Neftegarant".
• "CSG".
• "Savings Bank".

Bugu da kari ga wadannan a cikin rating na "Kwararre RA", OAO "Telecom-Soyuz", ba na gwamnati asusu "Power" da kuma "Lukoil-Garant" kuma hada a 9 mafi dorewa kungiyoyi da cewa zuba jari fensho tanadi.

Rating na "abokin ciniki-centric" maras jihar kudi a karshen 2015

Ra'ayin nan gaba fansho da suka bayar da kwangila da ayyuka na wadanda ba jiha kamfanin, sa lamba kan m abokan ciniki Asusun. Korau sake dubawa a kan net cewa bar abokan ciniki NPF, tilasta ajiyar yi tunani game da mafita daga mai sha'awar Asusun samu koke daga mahalarta na inshora kwangila.

Kamfanoni mayar da hankali a kan yarda da ayyuka da kuma kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu yanayi, cancanci da amincewa da ajiyar kuma ji dadin matsayi na "abokin ciniki-centric".

"The Voice" abokan ciniki - Top 5 maras jihar kudi a 2015:

1. "Turai PF" (3.8 na 5).
2. "Future" (3.2 daga 5).
3. "Welfare" (2.9 daga 5).
4. "Kit Finance" (2.6 daga 5).
5. "Promagrofond".

Na rassa na banki kamfanonin shugaban a cikin ingancin abokin ciniki sabis, a 2015, ya zama wani maras jihar, "Sberbank" asusu, wanda asusun for fiye da 14% kasuwar rabo da 243,3 biliyan rubles na fensho tanadi (1st wuri).

Ƙarin bayani da yake bukatar kulawa lokacin da zabar mai zaman kansa fensho asusu

Idan, bayan nazarin duk martaba, da amsar tambayar "Mene ne mafi alhẽri NPF? Wanne zabi?", Amma duk da haka, ya kamata kula da sakandare dalilai influencing da ra'ayi daga cikin kungiyar.

Da fari dai, yana da shekaru mai zaman kansa m. Ko da yake sabon zuwa 88% na tayin mafi m yanayi (yawan amfanin ƙasa na 10% da ikon fita da wakili a kan gidan), da kwarewa a cikin inshora kasuwanci taka rawar a. Daga cikin kudi, take kaiwa jerin tsaro da kuma samun riba, "musamman sababbin" suke aiki kasa da shekaru 3, babu. Wannan ba "zalunci" da kuma lafiya gasar da kuma manufofin da "riƙewa" (rike abokin ciniki kwarara a matakin baya lokacin da wani babban index na gamsuwa) maimakon jawo sabon fuskoki a halin kaka (zamba, rashin faɗi).

Na biyu, saukaka online sabis. "My Account" ayyuka dan kwangila dole ne m dubawa (manyan icons, Rasha menu, share novice mai amfani) da kuma iyakar bude samun bayanai (musamman da kwangila, da labarin na NCHP ayyukan). Dadi m sabis ne ba za mu kai ziyara ga abokin ciniki sashen.

Na uku, yawan abokan ciniki. Lokacin da sabis na mai zaman kansa mutum ya so ya yi amfani da dubu 500, mutane ko fiye -. Yana yayi magana ba kawai game da nasarar da inshora jamiái, amma kuma game da asusu.

A zabi aka sanya: yadda za a canja wurin ritaya tanadi a cikin NPF?

Idan tambaya a kan ayyuka na NPF (wanda ya zabi for canja wuri na fensho LF), an riga an yi niyyar zartarwa, to, ma'aikata akwai wani matsala: da yadda za a canja wurin da fensho ga mai zaman kansa asusun?

Domin gama wata yarjejeniya tare da NPF ayyuka, dole ne ka tuntube da ofishin ba na gwamnati kungiyoyin a wurin rajista. Takardun da kawai wani fasfo da kuma SNILS. Bayan da paperwork aka bai wa abokin ciniki a hannunka mai kwafin da kwangila, mai gaskatãwa ga so don canja wurin fensho tanadi daga RF fanshon a NPF.

Amma ga karshe canja wuri zuwa wani asusu NCHP bukatar tabbatarwa a cikin fanshon na Rasha Federation. Wannan za a iya yi a hanyoyi da dama:

1. Lokacin da na kai ziyara a PF Rasha ta kammala wani aikace-aikace siffan tare da yardarka na canja wuri.
2. Mai gaskatãwa ga tarho mai lamba a cikin ayyuka kwangila (ko "feedback" daga hanya cibiyar kwararrun APF).
3. Aika amsa ta e-mail ko a cikin nau'i na SMS-saƙonni.

A shekara ta 2016, 25% na wadanda ba jihar kudi (kamar SPF "Sberbank") bayar da tabbatar da yarjejeniya a kan canja wurin da NCHP "ba tare da barin cikin ofishin": a rajista ayyuka abokin ciniki domin 2-5 minti zo da wani SMS-sako da code, wanda ya kamata a bayar da rahoton zuwa manajan. Jami'in shiga cikin code a cikin shirin - da kuma sanarwa da aka ta atomatik aika zuwa FIU. Re-tabbatarwa da kuma wani sirri ziyarar da fanshon na Rasha ake bukata.

A nuances na miƙa mulki ga NPF

Fassara fensho tanadi a wani asusun cewa yayi sabis don cikar yarjejeniyarsu ayyuka da kuma kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu. mi tsari daukan 1 shekara: bayan rattaba hannu kan kwangila aka canjawa wuri zuwa jari na NPF a karshen shekara ta bayan kisan takardun. Canjawa wuri duk inshora deductions kange ta m da kuma ban sha'awa accrued ta gabata (bayar cewa shekaru 5 daga ranar baya kwangila). Idan abokin ciniki terminates kwangila prematurely (kasa da shekaru 5), ya yi hasarar dividends, samun kawai inshora gudummuwa daga m (Naira Miliyan Xari ba za a iya rage, tun suna biya a kan wani m-akai da duk ƙa'ida aiki yan ƙasa ta ajiye yawa na Hakkin).

Don fassara tsakanin jari na ba-jihar kudi da RF fanshon iya zama ba fiye da sau daya a shekara.

Lasisi NPF - abin da yake da shi?

Tun shekarar 2015 Babban Bankin ya fara "tsarkakewa" na ba-jihar kudi, wanda lambar da karuwa a kowace shekara da dama da kamfanonin. Kungiyoyi da cewa ba cika alkawurra wa masu zuba jari (fansho wadda ba a yarda su yi biya duk abokan ciniki) da kuma keta sharuddan bayar da rahoto, an ƙaryata game da dama (Aljannar lasisi NPF) tafiyar da inshora ayyuka a cikin kudi kasuwa na Rasha Federation.

Fiye da shekara 89 kudi sun samu wani lasisi, a jerin wanda aka gabatar a official website of Central Bank of Rasha.

Mun zabi da NPF lasisi: Abin da aikata abokan ciniki?

Idan akwai wani sakewa da asusun lasisi abokin ciniki aka bai wa damar canja wurin su tanadi zuwa wani kamfani. A hali na ƙi a zabin da wani tsoho NPF fensho tanadi za a canjawa wuri zuwa ga fanshon na Rasha, yayin da rike 6% NCHP.

A karkashin dokar №422-FZ gudãnar da hakkin da inshora mutane a lokacin da ake tsare ayyuka a cikin Rasha Federation, a karshen shekara ta 2015, 32 APF ya shigo cikin tsarin tabbatar da rashin NCHP. Wannan yana nufin cewa 'yan asalin' fensho tanadi, fihirisa FIU ko NPF (kare "Deposit Insurance Agency"), tabbas ta bayyana.

Moratorium a kan NCHP 2014-2016: Yaushe za a Indexing?

A shekara ta 2016, gwamnatin ta tabbatar da tsawo na moratorium a kan zuba jari NCHP. Dalilin shi ne rikicin, tilasta wa gwamnati ta ajiye a kan tanadi da 'yan ƙasa.

A ban a kan samuwar matsayi 6% domin zuba jari, a cewar kudi manazarta, kuma za a mika wa 2017 - ya ba tukuna stabilized kasuwa da kuma tattalin arzikin da Rasha.