Strasbourg Cathedral a Faransa: wani bayyani, description, tarihi da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Goethe ya kira shi "itace na Allah ya ɗaukaka," kuma Viktor Gyugo - "giant m mu'ujiza." Duk wadannan poetic epithets bayyana Cathedral a Strasbourg - da kan iyaka da Jamus, Faransa birni. Ƙarni biyu da wannan ginin da ya da tallest a duniya. A spire na babban coci da aka gani zuwa yanzu a waje na Strasbourg. Its silhouette da maraice sama aleyuschego ne hallmark birnin. A spire ne a bayyane ko da daga hayin Rhine, wanda Forms zamani iyaka. Saboda haka, Strasbourg Cathedral a Jamus tunani game da su (shan la'akari da tarihi na Alsace da Lorraine). Wannan coci ne majestic da m a lokaci guda. Ko da a cikin ashirin-arni na farko, da zamanin skyscrapers, Notre Dame, Strasbourg, ranked shida a duniya cikin sharuddan da tsawo na cikin Haikali. Kuma shi rike da gubar a matsayin mafi girma a tsarin wannan short-rayu dutse kamar sandstone. Bari mu dauki wani mai rumfa yawon shakatawa na wannan musamman Gothic coci.

Yadda za a samu to Strasbourg Cathedral

Nemo wannan shiri shi ne mai sauki - na 142 mita doguwar hasumiya ne a bayyane daga nesa. Amma tsakiyar Strasbourg, gina a kan wani tsibirin kewaye da kogin Ile. M rabin timbered gine-gine da overhanging balconies tare kunkuntar na da tituna kusa review. Akwai da yawa ban sha'awa jan hankali cewa shige, kuma kada ka manta inda aka yi nufi ga zo. Strasbourg Cathedral bayyana kwatsam a duk da daukaka a cikin kunkuntar ƙofar titi Mercier. Yana za a iya isa ta tsallaka da gada a Vieux Marche aux Poisson (kusa da Historical Museum). Daga wannan lokaci shi kuma shoot. Idan ka zo kusa, kawai jẽfo wani ɓaɓɓake daga facades za a iya rubuta, amma ba giant-kyau a gaba ɗayansa. Af, a gefen dama na tituna Mercier ne daɗaɗɗe rabin timbered gidan Kammerzell (XV cent.), Ado da katako, sculptures - yanzu akwai manyan kyauta shop.

Cathedral a Strasbourg: Tarihi

Modern Alsace da zarar wani bangare ne na sararin Roman Empire. Saboda haka babu wani abu abin mamaki a gaskiyar cewa a cikin zuciya na Gallic shiri Argentoratum tsaya a arna haikali. Da yawa daga baya Strasbourg samu ta ba da sunan daga biyu Jamus kalmomi: "Straße" - hanya, da kuma "Burg" - a castle ko wani garu gari. Lokacin da Kristanci ya zama rinjaye addini, da arna haikalin da aka hallaka, da kuma fara gina coci a wurin. Game da dubbai da jama'ar na "Cities a kan hanya" saboda haka ta ƙara da cewa da bukatar tashi a cikin Cathedral. Na farko da dutse dage farawa a gina Bishop Verner Gabsburgsky a 1015. Hakika, a kan wani faduwa-shi ya na hali Romanesque babban coci. A wuta a 1176 halakar da katako, rufi da kuma na sama benaye. Saboda haka, aka yanke shawarar gina wani babban coci da dutse. Yana da aka kawo daga nan kusa duwãtsu - Vosges. Sandstone yana da ban mamaki dukiya shine ruwan hoda a faɗuwar rana ko fitõwar rãnã.

Strasbourg Cathedral (France) da kuma episcopal girman kai

A cikin goma sha uku karni, shi ne a fashion Gothic. Yammacin Turai birane gasar a tsakãninsu wanda zai gina mafi girman, babba da kyau Haikalin Allah. The Bishop na Strasbourg aka musguna wa laurels Basel, Ulm da Cologne abokan aiki. Saboda haka, ba ya tsunduma cikin kudi don rubuta mafi gaye (da kuma sosai biya) gine-ginen da za a gina masa babban coci. Hakika, ya bai jira karshen aikin da ya ga wani awata halittarsa. Bayan mutuwar bishop biya Municipality gini - consuls da talakawa 'yan ƙasa. Kuma haka ya faru da cewa gabashin da kudancin portals, kazalika da mawaka yi a cikin Romanesque style, da kuma yammacin ɓangare na arewa hasumiya - Gothic. Af, na shirin envisaged da gina ta guda, daga kudanci, spire. Amma ga shi, birnin ba su da isasshen lokaci. Asymmetric zane ma sa ya na musamman. A 142 mita-high arewa hasumiya da aka kammala kawai a 1439.

A yammacin facade

Ba cikin sauri in je ciki. A wannan al'ada duk yawon bude ido ne unhurried kuma m yawon shakatawa na majestic ginin. Strasbourg Cathedral a Faransa ne domin ta shahara yammacin facade. Wannan shi ne gaskiya fitacciyar High Gothic. Daya daga cikin gine-ginen da aka Erwin von Steinbach. Ya a 1284 da kuma raya yammacin facade, tare da dubban sculptures da m taga-rosette. Lokacin da kudi domin gina da aka bai isa ba, da m ya sayar ya doki da kuma bayar da zama dole adadin. A karni na sha hudu ne shugaban m Ulrich von Ensingen, mahaliccin babban coci a Ulm. A shahara Arewa Tower da aka kammala ta Johann Hulttsem - Cologne master. Dubban dutse sculptures da kuma ado da cewa ƙawata yamma facade na Strasbourg Cathedral, kunshe a duk litattafai akan na da Gothic. Wonderful akwai gilashi ne mafi alhẽri a duba a cikin. Su a lokacin da na karshe yakin duniya, da Nazis kwashe, amma daga baya da gwamnatin kasar Jamus mayar da su tare da sace tapestries da kuma zane-zane.

Facade kudancin kẽta

A Strasbourg babban coci tsaye kewaye gaba ɗaya. Yana fa, tã da hankali ba kawai tsayi spire kuma richly kowanne kofa mutummutumai yammacin facade. Kudancin kẽta zuwa shigar da shi ne ma ban sha'awa sosai. An yi wa ado da babu kasa shahara sculptural kungiyar "The Church kuma majami'ar." A lokacin da jihadi a kan Albigenses wannan labarin reinterpreted matsayin Roman papacy yaki tare da DiSSiDENT gaskatawar Kirista. Gargoyles, ma'aikata ruwa gutters, kamar yadda idan ka ce: "A waje da cocin Katolika, babu ceto." A Gothic facade a kan wani sau uku portal na main ƙofar, da muka gani da scene na Magi bauta. Akwai sassaka na Tsohon Alkawali annabawa da kuma New Shahidai. Kamã da jũna Figures labarun zunubi da kirki.

ciki jan hankali

Yanzu tafi cikin babban coci, musamman tun lokacin da ƙofar ne free. Strasbourg Cathedral ya ci gaba da yi ta ayyuka na data kasance Haikali, don haka a lokacin da sabis ƙofar aka ƙuntata ga yawon bude ido. Ciki da coci da aka yi wa ado da babu kasa marmari fiye da waje. Good, ya zo nan a ranar da rana - sa'an nan akwai gilashi windows duba musamman ban sha'awa. Abin da ba miss a Strasbourg babban coci? Wannan baftisma, font halitta a cikin tsakiyar karni na sha biyar da sculptor Dottsingerom. Kula da tapestries, zane-zane a kan addini jigogi, tsoho sashin jiki. Da kyau sosai bagade ado da yawa mutummutumai na abun yanka Hans guduma. Har yanzu shi wajibi ne don duba a iyaka na da St. Lawrence da ganin hoton na Nikolya Redera (a cikin arewa transept).

hasumiya

Tabbata a hawa na spire, wanda aka lashe ta Strasbourg Cathedral. Strasbourg da kallo dandali - a gani ɓoyayye. Bugu da kari, za ka iya duba wasu daga cikin sculptures da gargoyles kusa. Idan yana da wuya a hawa kunkuntar karkace bene, tuna: wadannan matakai rinjãya Goethe da Stendhal. Kuma karshen yi haka a kowace rana, har sai da ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Strasbourg. Saboda haka ya aka warke daga wani phobia na duwatsu. Wannan spire har karni na sha takwas (yayin da ba a kammala Cologne Cathedral) ya zauna sosai high tsarin. Abin lura shi ne cewa a lokacin da Faransa juyin juya halin da zai hallaka kararrawa hasumiya. Wai, ta baje qa'ida ta daidaita. Amma mazauna yankin sun yi wa ado ta Phrygian hula (alama ce da 'yanci), da kuma tsanani da akida yunkuri da aka yin fim. Ƙofar hasumiyar biya 4.5 kudin Tarayyar Turai ya fara tasawa da kuma 2.5 - ga yara da kuma dalibai.

astronomical Agogon

Idan ka saya tikitin zuwa Arewa Tower, za ka iya ziyarci gallery, kuma zuwa babba bene na dukan babban coci. Wannan zai ba ka wata dama ta musamman ga dauki mukalli da kyau akwai gilashi Gothic rosette. Amma a cikin Haikali, akwai wani biya janye don yawon bude ido. Wannan astronomical Agogon na Strasbourg Cathedral. The uku chronometer aka kyautata da kuma shigar a 1832. Kafin shi astronomical Agogon ayyuka da aminci bauta wa birni daga 1574. A farko timepiece ake 1353 Abin da yake haka ban sha'awa to watch da Strasbourg Cathedral? Complex inji nuna falakinsu na Duniya da kuma Moon, kazalika da duk aka sani a lokacin da taurari. Bugu da kari, a kan Sabuwar Shekara ta dare agogon da ke sa cikakken juyin juya halin da kuma nuna ranar da pripadaet "iyo" Katolika holidays (Easter, Hawan Yesu zuwa sama, Fentikos). Gear inji, wanda rotates sannu sannu, shi ne alhakin kayyade Duniya ta axis precession. Yana zai sa a cika juya (sai dai in, ba shakka, za su tsira chronometer) ga dubu ashirin da biyar da ɗari takwas da shekaru.

events

Strasbourg Cathedral ya ko da yaushe taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwar birnin. A nan, ba wai kawai ne ibadar. A lahadi, da safe, a babban coci, za ka iya sauraron Gregorian Chapel. Sau da yawa sosai a can da ake shirya Gabar kide, wanda hannu haihuwa, kowanne kofa kayan aiki. Musamman mai kyau zuwa zo Strasbourg a lokacin rani. Da farko, yanayin ne moriya ga tafiya da iyo ta hanyar da tashoshi a kan jirgin ruwa. su ma ply a cikin sanyi kakar, amma saman su glazed. Kamar yadda wani bonus, rani yawon bude ido za su iya gani da kyau gani. Kowane maraice a kan square da ake shirya daban-daban kide a gaban babban coci. A yawa na spotlights haskaka ganuwar da m gini ga music, me ya sa alama da cewa mutum-mutumi zo rayuwa a kan facades.

A birnin da jan hankali

Strasbourg Cathedral ne wani nau'i ne na rinjaye. Amma shi yawon bude ido na gari ba m. Hakika, don fara sani da Strasbourg dole ne tare da babban coci. Musamman shawarar sake dubawa, kada da kasance m da kuma hawa da hasumiya. Wannan zai ba ka gani misali na da wuri daga cikin birni, wanda ke nufin cewa ba za ka iya ƙirƙirar hanya domin kara balaguro din. Kana bukatar ka ziyarci Bishop ta Palace, da kwata "karama France" Alsace Museum. Kada ka manta da cewa an located in Strasbourg da kuma Turai Kotun kare hakkin dan adam. Yana ba da sabuwar gini a cibiyar birnin, kuma shi ne mafi kyau a samu a tram. Reviews na yawon bude ido suna karfi da shawarar, ko da kuwa da kakar, da jirgin ruwan tafi yawon shakatawa ta hanyar da tashoshi na kogin Ile tare da su yawa mashigar.