"Uwar gumakan" Chomolungma - babbar dutsen a duniya

A title na labarin ba a banza da aka ambata da sunan "Uwar gumakan", kamar yadda aka fassara daga Nepali Qomolangma shi ne ake kira. Ko da yake shi zai zama mafi dace title of "Uwar duwãtsu", kamar yadda babbar dutsen a duniya Dutsen Everest ya kai wani tsawo na 8848 mita. Everest, kamar yadda shi ne ake kira, ya zama wata alama ce da Himalayas, kuma aka jawo ƙara hankalin jama'a da kuma yawon bude ido a kowace shekara.

Daga cikin tarihi na ilimi, da kuma bude lakabi

Yana kafa mafi girma a dutsen a duniya miliyan 20. Shekaru da suka wuce ta karfafa da seabed. Asali superimposed kan dubban shekaru, da kuma a sakamakon kafa wani dutse range, wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, an girma har yanzu. Bisa ga lissafin Surveyors, da Himalayas a kowace shekara ƙara 5 cm tsawo. A tsakiyar karni na sha tara, British masana kimiyya sun sa mai yawa kokarin to auna tsawo na Himalayan kololuwa. Shi ne kawai a 1865 surveyor Andrew kidaya a, da abin da yake cikin mafi girman dutsen a duniya. A lokaci guda ya kawo shawara kiran saman sunan masanin kimiyya, manyan surveyor a India mallaka na Ingila 1830-1843 shekaru, kuma Ya sanya babban taimako ga nazarin saman - George Everest. Kafin wannan, da tip da sunan "ganiya XV".

Ta Kudu da taron da dutsen ne a kan iyakar kasar Nepal da kuma China, ta kai wani tsawo na 8760 m, amma arewa ne a kan ƙasa na kasar Sin, kuma yana dauke da dama zuwa ga mafi girman tsawo na 8848 mita, fiye da Sin ne alfahari.

Yin yawo a kan Dutsen Everest

"An haramta 'ya'yan itace ne zaƙi" - wannan bayani daidai ya bayyana halin da ake ciki tare da mutum ƙishirwa zuwa nasara da Everest. Son for hawan tudu, ko, watakila, kishi koran mutane zuwa ga irin wannan m exploits. Lokacin da eerie sanyi (ɗabaƙõƙĩ a da zazzabi kai -60 digiri), iska gudun har zuwa 200 km / h, ɗauke da nauyi tufafi, hawa sama da dusar ƙanƙara m yankunan yawon bude ido, risking da kiwon lafiya. The girma ganiya ne ma mashahuri domin ya kaidinsu, na karshe 300 mita auku mafi wuya, saboda inshora juna babu wani yiwuwar. Wannan m snow-rufe gangara aka sanshi a matsayin "mafi tsawo mil a duniya."

A kowace shekara, a kan Dutsen Everest yakan game da mutane 500. Yana shi ne yardar da kudi mai yawa: $ 50 dubu, idan kun sadarwa ta hanyar kamfanin shamaki ba. Yardar hawa zuwa saman ba ƙaryatãwa kansu da kuma mata, da farko, a 1976, ya ya iya ganin dukan duniya saukar mai hawan duwatsu Junko Tabey. A cikin tarihi na Everest hanyar ba za mu iya shawo kan game da mutane 200. The most dutse a duniya ya dauki rayukansu saboda sanyi weather, rashin oxygen, cutar huhu, ko zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin, kazalika da avalanches da kuma mayaudari mãkirci. Kawai abi'a da kuma jiki resistant mutane zai iya samun zuwa saman.

Mount Olympus

Idan matsayi na "babbar dutsen a duniya" ya sh Mount Everest, mafi girma a cikin hasken rana tsarin yana dauke Mount Olympus. Tsayinsa ne 26,2 km da nisa daga 540 km, don haka shi za a iya cikakken gani kawai daga falaki. Olympus wakiltar wani dadadden aman wuta, wanda karshe shigowa faru game da miliyan 2 da suka wuce. Saboda da rashin na tectonic faranti a duniya, Olympus tsira fiye da daya mutum tsara. Sha'awa, dutsen gangara ne quite kaifi da kuma m, shi ne riya ga tunanin wanzuwar na tekuna a duniyar Mars, wadda aka wanke, da na Dutsen Olympus, sa shi m.