Vyborg - birni jan hankali. Viborg da kewayensa

Rasha sha'awa ba kawai ga babban birnin kasar birane. Daidai da muhimmanci ne kananan tarihi shiri, kamar Vyborg. Tarik: Mon Repos Park, da tituna da kuma murabba'ai birnin cancanta da hankali saboda ta kyakkyawa da kuma tarihi muhimmanci. Yau, masu yawon shakatawa suna gano a yankin. Yana bakuncin wani iri-iri na bukukuwa da kuma maimaitawa, amma ya zuwa yanzu birnin ya ba tukuna ci gaba a cikin wani m yawon shakatawa janye da kuma rike ta rai rai.

Tarik Viborg da kewaye yankin za a iya leisurely gano for 2-4 kwana da kuma samun real yarda daga lamba tare da irin wannan ban sha'awa da kuma tsohon tarihin, wanda ke zaune a kusa da nan.

Ana zargin ƙauyuka

Vyborg, tarihi da kuma jan hankali da cewa yanzu jawo ƙara hankali daga masana kimiyya da kuma yawon bude ido zo a cikin 1293, lokacin da Vyborg Castle aka gina a nan da Swedes. Akwai version da kuma wani a baya shiri a cikin wannan wuri. Ostensibly Novgorod Dattijon Gostomysl halitta a birni a nan a cikin girmamawa dansa a cikin 9th karni. Akwai archaeological ya gano cewa, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa ko da a cikin Stone Age akwai tsoho mutane. Amma fitowan na dindindin shiri zauna rubuce kawai a Swedish takardun, don haka da hukuma kwanan watan da ya faru na Vyborg ne karshen 13th karni.

Archaeological tono tabbatar da cewa a farkon na farko Millennium a yankin rayu kabilu, da ake kira Karelia. Suna na rayayye yi ciniki da Novgorod mazauna tare da Dutch yan kasuwa da 'yan da Hanseatic League, farauta kifi. A fannin zamani Vyborg wani sito - redoubt, wanda housed da masu gadi rakiyar kaya. Very m wuri na ma'ana matsara da kuma kusantar da Swedes suka gina Castle a tsibirin na dutse sansanin soja.

Yaren mutanen Sweden lokaci a cikin rãyuwar Vyborg

Vyborg - a lokacin Uku jihadi a ƙasar Karelia a kan umurnin da Swedish Sarkin castle tsibirin castle-sansanin soja da aka gina. Photos of birnin, yawon bude ido da kuma tarihi Monuments zama a yau, ikon abin mamaki, wanda aka gina. Wannan abin dogara outpost zauna impregnable for ƙarni, duk da cewa mutanen da Novgorod sanya maimaita yunkurin buga da Swedes daga Vyborg. Castle settles, kumbura, kuma a cikin 1403, Sarkin Sweden bayar da shiri da matsayi na gari. The m wuri na Vyborg da sauri ya juya a cikin wata babbar cibiyar kasuwanci. A garin aka mulki ta Swedish Gwamnan, ya yi wani babban cin gashin, Sarkin flax Filato (haraji), amma in ba haka ba gudanar da magajin gari.

A 1442 da shugaban birnin ya tsaya Karl Knutsson Bunde wanda canza kama birnin na tsawon shekaru shida. Lokacin da shi Vyborg Castle shi ne mafi kyau a Sweden. Magajin garin ya kara da 'yan hasumiya, da dakuna for Knights da dabaru sabunta ciki. A 1525, a garin tsallake Count von Goya, wanda yake dangi na Sarkin Sweden. Tare da shi a cikin birnin zuba a manyan kwarara daga mutane daga Hanseatic League: Bremen, Hamburg, Lübeck. City tsiro prettier da kuma aukaka. Sojojin Rasha ci gaba da ƙoƙarin cinye Vyborg, amma duk lokacin da na kasa. A lokacin da Northern War Vyborg shi ne babban tushen barazana ga sabon babban birnin na Rasha - St. Petersburg. Petr Veliky a 1706 da kaina jagoranci kewaye da birnin, amma ga wani wadãtar. Shi ne kawai a 1710, godiya ga hadewa kokarin da sojojin da kuma sojojin ruwa Vyborg aka dauka da sojojin Rasha, da kuma a 1721-m, domin Yarjejeniyar for Peace, ya koma Rasha Empire.

Rasha biyayya

Za Rasha, Vyborg ya zama cibiyar da gundumar Kwamandan da sabon Rasha tashar jiragen ruwa. A waje da birnin riƙe da yawan amfanin: shi ya ci gaba da aiki da Swedish dokar, mazauna an yarda ka riƙe su Lutheran addini, babu serfdom. A cikin sabon Rasha birni nan da nan ya garzaya yan kasuwa, soja. A shiri fara fadada. Yana gina Petersburg da kuma Vyborg unguwar.

Babban jan hankali na birnin Vyborg cewa lokaci - a na zama gini, da sabon ɓangare na Bastion. Daga 1730 zuwa 1741 a cikin aiki yi, gina wani sabon ɓangare na sansanin soja. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa Vyborg sansanin soja don haka ba yana da damar su gwada sabon kufaifan a fama. Zai yiwu shi ya sa birnin Vyborg jan hankali don haka da kyau kiyaye wannan rana. New ci gaba, duk da Rasha-kafa domin da kuma kula da Turai fasali. The fiye da haka saboda gine-ginen sun kasance mafi yawa Swedes, Jamus, Scandinavians. A 1811 Vyborg lardin bangare ne na Duchy na Finland. By 1910, fiye da 80% na yawan mutane Finns.

City ne fuskantar wani dogon hadawa da kabilun, wanda shi ne ba tare da ta yi fama da jirgin, amma sannu a hankali akwai wani musamman yanayi da cewa yana da ko da yaushe rarrabe daga al'ada Vyborg Rasha lardin garuruwa. Bayan tawaye na Decembrists 'yan xari' yan tawayen da aka aiko zuwa Vyborg castle, wanda ta shafa a ruhu na gari. A cikin rabi na biyu na karni na 19th, birnin zo reluwe fara gasification da wutar lantarki. Ya aka fuskantar m ci gaban tattalin arziki da kuma ya zama na biyu mafi girma a cikin sarauta.

Vyborg da Finland

A 1917, bayan juyin juya hali a Rasha, Vyborg rayayye shiga cikin juyin juya halin Musulunci canji. Bayan Finland ta ayyana 'yancin kai daga Rasha birni motsa zuwa wani sabon jihar. Ya sake canza da kabilu. Akwai yanzu mamaye da Finnish yawan jama'a, da kuma Rasha, Jamus da kuma Yaren mutanen Sweden ƙwarai rage. Amma da ci gaban birnin ya ci gaba. Ba da da ewa m O. Meurman halitta daidaituwa aikin na gari da kuma makiyayarta. Saboda haka akwai babban Vyborg. Halitta jan hankali yanzu kunshe a cikin birni iyaka. A wannan lokacin, da mazauna samu matsayi na al'adu babban birnin kasar na Finland, an gina mai yawa wasanni, al'adu da kuma haikali gine-gine.

Vyborg birni jan hankali na wannan lokacin har yanzu samar da da daukaka: gundumar archive, wani sabon library, art gidan kayan gargajiya - duk wannan ƙwarai ƙawãta shiri.

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu

A 1939 ya fara da Rasha-Finnish yaki, da kuma birnin Vyborg da kuma jan hankali da suke a hadarin zama fadan zone. Active ayyukan soji na Red Army suka kai ga cewa Karelian Isthmus tare da birnin shige cikin ikon Tarayyar Soviet. A 1941 a Vyborg ya kasance baya da yaki, da kuma Red Army da aka tilasta ita a hannunka zuwa ga Finns. Kafin '44 Karelian Isthmus aka shagaltar da ta Finnish sojojin. A lokacin m yãƙi, Yuni 20, 1944 Vyborg aka saki. Upcoming wuya lokaci na dawo. Vyborg, jan hankali wanda ya sha wahala ƙwarai a lokacin yakin duniya na II, sha wahala babbar abu da kuma al'adu hasarori.

A Soviet lokaci

A karshen yaki fara dogon maimaitawa. A wannan ãƙibar Vyborg. Photos of birnin, gani da kuma gine ne mai m gani - a babban ɓangare na kauye ya zama kango. Amma da hukumomi da kuma mutanen da ake yin wani Titanic kokarin, da kuma birnin fara raya. A shekarar 1947 ya halicci wani shiri ga wani sabon gini, gina a kan na zama yankunan, masana'antu Enterprises. A tituna suna sake masa suna haka kamar yadda ba za a tunãtar da su da birnin da suka shige. Vyborg yakan mallaki siffofin na hali na Soviet birane. A cikin 60s akwai bayyana unguwannin high-Yunƙurin gine-gine, a mayar da tsohon ginin stock, da gina sabon al'adu wurare.

Tun 1950 birnin zama m domin yawon bude ido, da kuma akwai da yawa don jawo hankalin su. A shekarar 1988, shi ya yanke shawarar kafa jihar Museum-Reserve - Mon Repos Park.

zamani Vyborg

City a halin yanzu rayayye mayar da tarihi tushen, kuma sunã nẽman ta jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa. Rayayye kafa sadarwar da kasashen duniya da suka tarihi sõyayya da Vyborg - Sweden, Norway, Finland. A shekarar 1999, UNESCO ta sa Tsakiya Library a cikin jerin abubuwa na bukatar kariya da kuma goyon baya. A shekarar 2000, kamfanin da aka rayayye kerata. City ya mayar da tarihi bayyanar da yawa abubuwa da janyo hankalin zamantakewa motsi masana tarihi. A Vyborg a kai a kai da aka gudanar bukukuwa na kabilanci al'adu, manyan maimaitawa abubuwan tarihin.

Vyborg - birni jan hankali

A arziki tarihi na wannan yarjejeniya ya bar yawa burbushi a kan bayyanar. Vyborg birni jan hankali ba ka damar ganin musamman al'adu na Multi-Layer, kafa a nan. Effect Rasha, Jamus, Yaren mutanen Sweden da kuma Finnish al'adu za a iya samu a mafi ban sha'awa gine-gine Monuments. A yanayi na haihuwa titunan birnin kama na da sau, wannan ji an inganta ta zuwa ziyara a Vyborg Castle. Na musamman sha'awa ne da na halitta jan hankali, sabon abu sculptural kungiyoyin da Monuments.

Vyborg castle

Cikin tsofaffin gini na birnin - castle, wanda, duk da yawa gwaje-gwaje, an sosai kiyaye su. Daga ganuwar da castle yayi ban mamaki views na Vyborg. Yawon shakatawa, da adiresoshin na wanda za a iya samu a wani rangadi ɗan littafin, yanzu sa shi yiwuwa a ga dukan ikon da gwaninta na Swedish kuma Rasha gine-ginen. Garun birnin ne mai daukan hankali kauri da kuma daidaito na masonry, ya kuma kiyaye hasumiya -Rayskaya da taimakon masana yin takalma - m for rufinta, kuma kamalar.

A castle gidaje a real jauhari - Olaf hasumiya tsawo na kusan 50 mita, karkashi zauna canzawa tun 13th karni, da na sama tiers aka gina a cikin tsakiyar karni na 19th. Har ila yau a cikin castle da daraja da biyan hankali ga Kwamandan ta House, wanda aka sau daya tsaya Bitrus.

Clock hasumiya

Gani na birni (Vyborg) da kuma bayanin da suka tarihi - a gaskiya littafi na gine-gine da al'adu na kasar. A Clock Tower ne kararrawa hasumiya, da sauran coci na St. Mary da Olaf, gina a cikin 15th karni. Ta hanyar mu'ujiza tsira da kuma lokacin da lalata haikalin a wuta a 1793, da kuma a lokacin tashin yakin duniya na II. A tushe na hasumiyar ta'allaka da wani babban dutse, da kuma agogo ne a guje tun cikin karni na 19th. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi kyau a tarihi gine-gine na Vyborg.

halitta jan hankali

Mon Repos Park - tsohon mazaunin Swedish barons - shi ne daya daga cikin mafi tsufa kuma mafi kyau wuri mai faɗi da wuraren shakatawa a Turai. Yana da wani jitu saje da kogwanni, gandun daji, cliffs, waterfalls, tabkuna. Matattu Gorgeous tsibirin tare da ado castle located a cikin tsakiyar teku da kuma sa wani m ra'ayi. Abin sha'awa da babban gidan gona gidan - a katako gini a na gargajiya style, kazalika da library mataimaki - a rare misali na katako gine usadbennoy. Wadannan mu'ujiza ya kiyaye daga 18th-karni ginin ne musamman m Monuments.

A cikin kusanci da Vyborg akwai wani halitta wuri cancanci da hankali - wannan lake intermountain kananan. Yana da wani misali na jitu yanayi na arewa, da kuma ruwan tekun Atlantika kyau na wuri mai faɗi da kuma shirun yin wannan wuri mafi kyau ga sauran birnin. Akwai kuma iya zama mai kyau lokaci domin kama kifi.

gine-gine Monuments

Vyborg arziki da kuma sauran jan hankali. Wadannan sun hada da Zagaye Tower, guda shekaru a matsayin Castle. Ta bayyanar ya zama recognizable alama ce da birni. Hasumiyar da aka gina a cikin tsakiyar karni 16th matsayin wani ɓangare na USAID bango. A diamita Tsarin shi ne 20 mita, da kauri daga cikin ganuwar - 4 mita. Shi ne brainchild na marigayi Gothic arewa, inda samfurori 'yan kaxan ne a Rasha.

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral - wani batu na Vyborg girman kai. Yana rawanin da jitu bayyanar da Cathedral Square da kuma shi ne cikakken gini a na gargajiya style. Architect N. Lvov a zanawa kokarin cikin su bi ka'idojin na A. Palladio, kusan kwashe ta yi. Haikalin da aka gina a 1786, amma daga baya aka hõre maimaitawa.

Church of St. Hyacinth -. Gothic gini na 16th karni, wanda shi ne daya daga cikin tsofaffin a cikin birnin. The coci, da aka sani da Knight gidan aiki a matsayin wani haikali, sufi makaranta, gidan baki. Yau da shi kawai ne da jerin al'adu abubuwa kare ta jiha.

Zaka kuma iya kiran jan hankali na birnin Vyborg, adiresoshin wanda suke kunshe a kowane jagora a matsayin gine-gine na Cathedral Square, kafa a cikin marigayi 18th karni, Vyborg ma'aikatar magajin gari, gina a cikin tsakiyar 17th karni a Neo-Renaissance style, Annenkrone - gina ganuwar Peter Mai girma.

samun akwai

Viborg ne a arewacin St. Petersburg, a kusa da Finnish iyaka. Sa zuwa gare shi da mafi sauki hanya daga St. Petersburg. Wannan za a iya yi a hanyoyi da dama:

By mota. Distance daga Saint Petersburg ne 130 km.

A cikin motar. Daga tashar bas "Arewa" sau hudu a rana motar jigila zuwa Svetlogorsk, wanda ya tsaya a Vyborg. Har ila yau, bas gudu daga Metro tashar "Parnas" tashar. Travel lokaci - game da 2 hours.

A cikin jirgin kasa. Tare da Finland Station tafi sau uku a rana high-gudun jirgin kasa zuwa Vyborg. Travel lokaci - 1 hour 15 minutes.