Yanayin gefe na steppes: halaye na asali

Matsayin yana bayyana daga sararin sama zuwa sararin sama, wanda ba shi da halayen dabi'a. Daya daga cikin siffofinsa shine kusan babu cikakkiyar bishiyoyi masu tsayi, ba tare da gine-gine ba tare da gandun daji ko hanyoyin ruwa. Ganye a cikin steppe ne kullum low - ciyawa ko low shrub.

Matsayi na gefe na steppes

Taswirar Steppe na kowa ne a duk faɗin ƙasa, ban da Antarctica. Duk da haka, yankin da suke rarraba ya kasance a cikin yankuna masu tsayi da tsaka-tsaki.

A halin yanzu, kalmar Rasha ba ita ce kawai ta ƙayyade irin wannan yanayi ba. Ga 'yancin Amurka, ana amfani da kalmar "prairie" sau da yawa, yayin da a Afirka ta Kudu an fassara kalmar "veld", wanda aka fassara a cikin harshen Holland a matsayin "filin".

Saboda haka, matsayi na wuri na steppes ya bambanta. Dangane da latitude da kakar, suna iya samun nau'i daban-daban: daga Semi-hamada zuwa filayen da ke cike da shrubs.

Idan har yayi la'akari da sakamakon farko, za a iya cewa da tabbacin cewa wuri mai zurfi yana bayyana a yankuna ma mai tsanani, don haka gandun daji na iya girma a cikinsu, amma a lokaci guda bai bushe ba don ya zama hamada a wurin.

Cold steppes na Eurasia da Amurka

Duk da haka, rashin isasshen ruwan sama ba kullum yana nuna zafi sosai ba. Alal misali, a cikin Mongoliya, wanda ke nuna yanayin sauyin yanayi mai kyau, a cikin watanni na rani zazzabi zai iya tashi zuwa + 35 ° C, kuma a cikin hunturu - zuwa -35 ° C.

Irin wannan yanayi tare da bambance-bambance na yanayi yana da mahimmanci ga dukan yanki, wanda ake magana a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya kamar Babbar Mataki. Wannan belin ƙasashe masu nisa tare da yanayin da ake magana da shi na yanayi ya fito ne daga yankunan gabashin Ukraine zuwa gine-ginen Tien Shan, yana rufe yankunan kudancin Rasha, Kazakhstan da Uzbekistan.

Wani, tare da yawancin sutura, ya karu daga tsakiyar Anatolia zuwa Iran kuma ya haɗa da wasu yankunan Armeniya. A nan, duk lokacin busassun lokacin rani, raƙuman zafi suna da sanyi da iska.

Matsayi na gefe na steppes a Arewacin Arewacin Amirka na sake maimaita bambanci na Eurasian - ana sa ido a cikin wani ɓangare na nahiyar daga teku tare da yanayin sanyi da sanyi. Ta haka ne, suna rufe dukan tsakiyar Amurka, yammacin Kanada da arewacin Mexico. A Amurka, duk da haka, ana kiran belt mai suna Stephan belt.

Yanayin geographic na steppe a Rasha

Matsayi a tarihin, tattalin arziki da al'adu na Rasha yana da muhimmanci. Daga cikin steppes sun zo nema, rushe gonaki da birane, amma daga wurin ya zo da sabon al'adu, ya rinjayi rinjayar manyan darussan Rasha, wanda daga bisani ya kafa babbar ƙasa daga Baltic zuwa Pacific.

A cikin iyakokin kan iyakar Rasha, 'yan steppes sun fito ne daga Black Sea da Arewa Caucasus zuwa Ob da Transbaikalia. Ƙananan yankunan da ke karkashin jagorancin kasar suna zaune a yankin Caspian da kuma kudancin kudancin Urals.

Sauyin yanayi da flora na sassan Rasha

Ga mafi yawan mutanen Rusia, wannan wuri mai sananne ne - manyan wurare, masu tsire-tsire masu hatsin hatsi, tsakanin abin da yatsun tsirar da ke tsirara. Tsarin al'ada da ke fadowa a cikin rassan rukuni na Rasha, ba ya ƙyale tsire-tsire masu girma don samun kafafu kuma ci gaba da girma, saboda haka ƙwayoyi masu girma irin su ciyawa gashin tsuntsaye ne a nan. Wani lokaci zaka iya saduwa da legumes na takin.

Halin matsayi na steppes yana sa fafinsu ya kasance kama da hamada. Babban mazaunan yankin su ne rodents - ƙasa squirrels, marmots, tawadar Allah berayen. Domin wadannan dabbobi don samun abinci a cikin steppe ba wuya, saboda ciyawa da wake a ciki ya isa. Hakanan, kananan rodents na iya zama kayan ganima ga tsuntsaye na ganima, wanda ya hada da mikiya, kestrel da harrier.