6 mafi girma dam a duniya

Man da ya ko da yaushe kokarin kare daga abubuwa, kuma tare da Yunƙurin na wayewa, mutãne ya yanke shawarar ya yi iko da ikon halitta da kuma amfani da shi don nasu dalilai. Yau za mu mayar da hankali a kan mafi m hydroelectric shuke-shuke, da muhimmancin abin da yake yi daidai da jihar muhimmanci. Za mu gano abin da yake da mafi dam a duniya. Kasa shi ne saman 6 mafi manyan sikelin-dams a duniya.

Na sanya - Jinping HPP-1 a kasar Sin

Yau da shi ne tallest dam a duniya, halitta da hannun ɗan adam. Tsayinsa ya kai 305 m, da kuma tsawon -. 568 m Jinping HPP-1 da aka sa a cikin aiki a 2014 da kuma nan da nan ya fadi a cikin "Guinness Littafi na Records," saboda ta m size. Gina Dam fara a shekarar 2005, kuma bayan shekaru 7 da farko na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa mota a tashar da aka kaddamar. 2015 aka gabatar karshe, na shida naúrar. Abin da ke bambanta da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa cylinders a kan Sin samar da wutar lantarki shuka daga sauran iko shuke-shuke, a duniya, don haka ne da ikon raka'a. Idan na yanzu ikon raka'a aiki a wata damar 300 ths. KWh, to, shi ne game da 600 thous. KW. Shi ne kuma daya daga cikin mafi iko dam a duniya. A dam aka located in Sichuan a kusa da bakin Yalong River.

II wuri - da Nurek samar da wutar lantarki shuka a Tajikistan

dam zane da aka kaddamar a 1950, da kuma kawai bayan shekaru 11 da aka fara ta yi. Yana ƙare kawai a shekara ta 1972, a wannan shekara da kuma aka sanya ta sauka a hankali commissioning: na farko naúrar block aka kaddamar a wannan shekara, da kuma na karshe - bayan shekaru 7. Saboda haka, ta 1979, GES ya yi aiki a cike iya aiki, samar da har zuwa 75% a kan makamashi ta halin kaka. A cikin shekara ta cewa samar da wutar lantarki daga wannan hydroelectric iko tashar na da tsari na 11 biliyan kW / h. Ruwa a hydroelectric iko shuke-shuke suna ba kawai amfani da su janye da wutar lantarki, amma kuma za a aika zuwa wani deben Tunnels ga ban ruwa na noma ƙasar.

Har 2013 kuwa shi ne tallest dam a duniya, shi ya kai wani tsawo na 300 m, a tsawon - 70 km. Yana ruwansa da ƙara ruwa a 10 km ^3, 98 km ^2, 9 yana da iko da janareto. Ayi dam a kan Vakhsh River kusa da garin Nurek.

III wuri - GES Syaovan a kasar Sin

Wannan shi ne mafi girma da baka dam a duniya, kai wani tsawo na 292 m. An ayi a kan Mekong River. A China, 7 HPS, amma wannan ne mafi girma daga cikin su. A yi nagartacce, Dam aka gina sosai da sauri: da erection na yi ya fara a 2002, da kuma bayan shekaru 7 da aka sa a cikin aiki na farko engine a watan Maris 2010 da yi aka kammala. A shekarar 2013, ya aka kaddamar a karshe engine. A Dam sanye take da shida iko na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa raka'a. A talakawan tamanin da ikon tsara ne 19 biliyan kWh / h.

Arched dam aka gina la'akari jure girgizar kasa vibrations zuwa 8 a kan Richter sikelin, shi yana da "m" Layer na profile, daga abin da ya gina. An karkashin kasa da gini ga HPP yana da ban sha'awa size - game da 300 m, a tsawon.

IV wuri - Grand Diksens a Switzerland

Wannan shi ne mafi girma da hydroelectric iko shuka a Turai da kuma na uku a duniya a size. Ayi dam a kan kogin Diksens, bayan wanda ta samu sunan. Kankare tsarin ya kai wani tsawo na 285 m, tsawon - 695 m, nisa - 200 m. A tafki riko da wani ƙarfi na ruwa 0.4 km ³ da rami sadarwa tare da lake, har zuwa 100 km.

Gina Dam ya faru a lokacin daga 1951 zuwa 1965. Grand Diksens sami meltwater daga fiye da 30 valezianskih glaciers - wannan shi ne mai iko tsarin. A Dam halitta yawon shakatawa da shirye-shirye domin yawon bude ido, inda aka kiyaye yin yawo da dutsen hanyoyi.

V wuri - HPP Inguri a Georgia

Enguri HPP - a caucasian Dam, located a kan tushen da kogin Enguri da Eristskali, kusa da garin Jvari. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi girma hydroelectric dams a duniya, kai wani tsawo na 272 m da 278 m, a tsawon. Yana intakes da kantuna 7 ana shirya tare da diamita na 6 m ga rago sallama ruwa. A ikon shuka gini kafa na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Motors 5, samar da wani shekara game da 4.4 biliyan kWh / h da wutar lantarki.

Saboda gaskiya cewa Inguri hydroelectric iko tashar da aka hada da mai mika mulki hydroelectric iko shuka, manyan fita zuwa kogin Eristskali mallakar Abkhazia, akwai dole ne hadin kai a tsakanin kasashen biyu. Kamar wancan Ingur gidroenergokompleks hada da wuraren Jojiyanci GES (a dam tafki da kuma wani yanki na rami), kuma Abkhaz ɓangare na rami da kuma Tsarin HPP. A saboda wannan dalili, a shekarar 1992, a tsakanin kasashen biyu ta cimma yarjejeniya a kan rarraba lantarki da makamashi zuwa kasashen biyu (60% a Jojiya da kuma 40% na Abkhazia).

VI wuri - Vajont Dam a Italiya

Yana yana daya daga cikin mafi girma dams a duniya, gina a arewacin Italiya, Vajont kogin. A tsawo daga cikin gine-gine TOTALS 261,6 m, da kuma tsawon - 190 m a dam wannan musamman tsarin, daban-daban daga cikin sauran :. conical, tapering zuwa ƙasa ka kuma kara zuwa gaba. A kasa ya kai gare shi da nisa daga 23 m, kuma tare da kunya nisa da kasa -. Kawai 4 m Shi ne ma mafi "m" dam a duniya.

10.09.1963 shekaru a kan Italian dam akwai wani mummunan hadarin da ya kashe, a cewar wasu kafofin, daga 2 000 zuwa 3 000 mutane. Saboda da incessant ruwa sosai cewa rana akwai wani mugun kaye gaci Vajont kogin 2 km ² yankin, da kuma dutse a zahiri ambaliya kofin tafki. Ruwa mataki tsawo na 90 m buga duk Shefela a gudun 8-12 m / s. Abubuwa dauki kawai 7 minti na lokaci don gudanar da rayuwar dubban mutane da kuma halakar da dama dozin Tsarin.

Yau, kamar yadda a cikin bude rana a shekara ta 1959, Italiya dam Vajont dubi yadda m, ba tare da wani alama na masifu da suka faru na rabin karni da suka wuce.

A 2001 ya zo na eponymous movie game da aukuwar lamarin, kuma da yawa magoya na fina-finai ziyarci wannan wuri a matsayin haraji da kuma girmamawa ga wadanda aka ci zarafinsu a kan cewa yini mai girma.