A lokacin da oscillation: yanayin da sabon abu da kuma ji

Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci halaye na daban-daban iri vibrations, wanda faruwa a yanayi, ne lokacin da mita na oscillation. Wadannan jiki mamaki ne don haka na kowa cewa, watakila, ba za ka iya saka da yankin na zama, wanda aka lura da jiki matakai data. Mafi na kowa yankunan na gudanar da bincike a kan yanayin da vibrational motsi ne makanikai, Electronics, ilmin taurari, wuri da kuma sauran.

Yana hadawa da duk wadannan bangarori shi ne cewa yanayin da vibrational motsi a cikin su shi ne guda, kuma, saboda haka, ka'idar da ake cewa ya bayyana sabon abu ne a duniya. Alal misali, shi ne kullum yarda da cewa lokaci wakiltar wani tazara na lokaci a lokacin da wani abu da ke sa daya cikakken oscillation sa'an nan ya kõma, to ta asali matsayi. A mafi gaya misali da wannan a cikin makanikai lilo na Pendulum a cikin ni'imar hours.

hawa da sauka a da kaddarorin rarrabe tsakanin free (ko naka), da kuma masu jituwa. Free - su ne waɗanda cewa suna lalacewa ta hanyar waje sojojin amfani da wani abu da outputting shi daga Jihar ma'auni (a makanikai: a stringed m kayan aiki, bob, dakatar da wani thread, da dai sauransu). A mafi muhimmanci wuri a cikin ka'idar oscillatory matakai dauki masu jituwa oscillations. Su dokoki da tsarin wanda damar domin su kirkiro dokoki da ka'idar da la'akari da yanayi na oscillations a daban-daban jiki kafofin watsa labarai (ruwa, iska, gas, injin, da dai sauransu).

Bisa ga tabbatarwa da universality ka'idar vibrations, za mu iya gama da universality da kuma ta jiki raka'a wanda daidai da girma daga wadannan oscillations, tare da la'akari da yanayi da kuma rarraba duniyoyin. Waɗannan su ne lokaci da kuma mita. Kamar yadda aka ayyana oscillation lokaci, shi da aka ambata a sama. A mita na oscillations ne m da yawan abubuwa jajirce cikakken oscillations da wasu naúrar lokaci. A lokacin da kuma mita na oscillations suna da alaka guda ka'idar, general dabara domin wannan ka'idar. Ya bayyana lokacin da free oscillations na dabara ya nau'i: f = 1 / T, inda f - mita T - lokaci (ayyukan, tare da mita, babban siga na sabon abu).

Akwai sauran halaye na vibrational matakai, kamar amplitude, mai kusurwa mita, lokaci, amma su yi amfani da ya sa mafi hadaddun sharuddan kwatanta oscillations. Wadannan yanayi ne:

- ainihin yanayin da oscillation tsari, cewa shi ne daidai da abin da muka yi la'akari da vibrations - inji, electromagnetic, ko wasu cyclic.

- yanayi a wadda oscillatory matakai faruwa - iska, ruwa, ko in ba haka ba. Wadannan yanayi ne mafi gagarumin tasiri a kan duk aiwatar sigogi, ciki har da tsawon oscillation. Alal misali, ga cyclic, wani dabara da kayyade oscillation lokaci ya hada da ma nuna 2πν, wanda characterizes Rotary oscillation.

A oscillation mita ne halin da hadin kai, wanda aka mai suna bayan da babban likita - Genriha Gertsa da kuma rage tsawon: Hz. Bisa la'akari da mu dabara 1 Hz ne mai darajar daidaita daya cikakken oscillation wanda ya faru a daya na biyu. Wannan naúrar halin da dubun na zabin cewa kewaye da mu a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum. Alal misali, alternating halin yanzu mita, wanda muka cinye gidan ne 50 Hz. Wannan yana nufin cewa da ya kwarara daga electrons a wani shugaba 50 sake ta sauya shugabanci na motsi. Mitoci za a iya halin da kananan dabi'u (msl, da Pendulum oscillations), kazalika da martabobinsu da cewa mika har zuwa biliyoyin hawan keke da na biyu. Irin wannan, alal misali, su ne mitoci characterizing mai aiki da na'urar kwamfuta ayyukan a zamani kwakwalwa. Hertz sa'an nan amfani da su daidai da dabi'u zama m, da kuma kara musu, sau: kilo (kHz, 1000), Mega (MHz, 1000000), Giga (GHz, 1000000000) da sauransu.

Darajar wanda ya nuna mana da oscillation lokaci sun fi na kowa tsarin awo raka'a (sau, sai su yi magana), Ina nufin na lamba awo na yawan m oscillating ƙungiyoyi kan wani ba lokaci.