A norms na adabi harshe

Kowane harshe a matsayin zamantakewa sabon abu - da sabon abu mai rai, da motsi, da dangantaka da rayuwar mutanen da suke magana. Saboda tarihi da aka nuna a cikin harshen da mutane da kuma al'adunsu. Kuma manufar da kullum na misali harshe daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don canja.

Saboda haka, yanzu daidaita harshe a general da Rasha musamman - wani sabon abu quite hadaddun. Bayan duk, ta bayyanar cututtuka - da zaman lafiya da kuma canzawa. Dorewa, kamar yadda a cikin harshen kaddamarda ruhaniya, da halin kirki, shafi tunanin mutum da kwarewa na zamanin da, da canzawa - saboda gaba motsi na al'umma da kanta. Saboda a kan lokaci harshen rabu amfani da wasu dokoki, da bukatun, da sauransu zo domin maye gurbin su. Yana swings duk harshen matakan - ƙamus, imin sautin harshe, orthoepy, ilimin halittar jiki, da alamun, style. Alal misali, idan lokacin Pushkin ya halatta har ma da dama a ce "Postel", yanzu a karshen wannan mata sunaye na uku declension aka rubuta zalla harafin "b": da gado.

Saboda haka, norms na adabi harshe, a daya hannun, zai samar da uniformity a fahimtar rubuta da kuma magana da harshen, a kan sauran - sa shi yiwuwa, don su bincika canje-canje a cikin harshen, wanda tafiyar matakai akwai, abin da tasiri.

Da ikon yinsa, daga cikin harshen norms

A norms na Rasha wallafe-wallafen harshen masana ilimin harsuna yawanci kasu kashi da ake kira jama'a da kuma masu zaman kansu. Janar ake kira don haka saboda su yi aiki a wani harshe in general, da kuma masu zaman kansu - a wasu daga ta manifestations. Alal misali, a cikin wani poetic jawabin ne wasu dokoki, da kuma a cikin takardun da hukuma style - sauransu.

Janar norms na adabi harshe, misali:

• orthoepy don tsara duka biyu da daidai pronunciation na kalmomi, phrases da daidai jeri na wasulla a kalmomi. Alal misali, kalmar nan "doki" bisa ga na kullum ya furta a matsayin [lashydEy] da wani girmamawa a kan na karshe syllable.
• daidai da al'ada ilimin halittar jiki na suna "lemu" nau'i na da genitive zai zama "orange".
• a derivation daga kalmar "kadan dabba" na iya zama biyu suffixes - -ushk- kuma a matsayin wani zaɓi - -yushk-.
• a cikin ƙamus na kalmar "wayo" da "wucin gadi" da ma'anoni daban-daban, kuma saboda haka ne a yi amfani da daban-daban riƙa: "wayo" - a matsayin wani nau'i na rinjãye (a gwani artist, m raƙĩƙi) da kuma "wucin gadi" a gabar "ba real, m" (aka bushe da dariya ya busa tataccen da artificially).

Dabam, za ka iya ce game da ma'ana-syntactic kullum. Yana shirya yi na phrases, kuma daga gare su - da bada shawarwari. Idan ka karya wannan doka, cire wani muhimmin kashi na ma'anar, misali, wata kalma ko wani bangare na jumla, da jumla daina zama fahimta.

A norms na adabi harshe, hade da ta dace ginin kalma, sanin dangantakar kalmomi a cikin phrases, irin connection, da tsari na kalmomi a sentences tsari. Idan syntactic dokoki an keta, akwai wani na ginin jumla impoverishment phrases na ginin jumla rashin daidaito bayyana: A game da haɗuwa da mataimakin darakta ce yawa a kan batun da ake rubutu da lagging a da yawa batutuwa don inganta su yi.

The muhimman ka'idojin da wallafe-wallafen harshen a yanayin rubutu m daidai haruffan kalmomi. Take hakkin ya kai su ba kawai ga jahilci, amma kuma ga wahala cikin fahimtar rubuta bayani. Alal misali, a cikin jumla "Yaron ya zauna da gudu short lokaci zuwa wasa" a cikin kalmar "zauna" da aka rubuta da kuma (a zaune) da kuma ba E, in ba haka ba da sakamakon da aka cewa "yaron suka yi fari," ie, Ya zama m.

Abin da sways alamar rubutu dokoki, sun yi mulki da rabo daga cikin shawarwarin da irin murya da kuma na ginin jumla raka'a, wanda ake kasaftawa a kan wata wasika da alamun rubutu. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu a gyara ba kawai don gina sanarwar, amma kuma a fahimce shi. Kamar yadda za mu iya tuna da zamanin d Rasha matani a wanda wani misali da alamun bace. Saboda karanta wani rubutu da kuma fahimta shi ne quite wuya. Dual muhimmancin da kuma duk da sanannen magana game da azãba da gãfara. Ma'anarta ta canja da cika fuska daga cewa niƙe wakafi a wani wuri.