A pathogenesis da tarin fuka. A etiology da tarin fuka. Alamun da kuma ãyõyinSa da tarin fuka

Game da tarin fuka ji da yawa, amma 'yan mutane gane hakikanin hatsarin da wannan mummunan cuta. Domin shekaru masu yawa, likitoci a duniya sun yi karatu cikin abubuwan bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da ci gaban kamuwa da cuta, da babban alamu da bayyanar cututtuka. A wannan lokaci, an gano cewa, da farkon mataki na tarin fuka da huhu da sauran gabobin na iya faruwa a wani asymptomatic tsari, da kuma rashin magani kaiwa zuwa tsanani rikitarwa.

Brief bayanai game da cutar

A ranar, da pathogenesis da tarin fuka karatu a cike. Wannan ne mai hadarin gaske da kuma sosai cuta mai yaduwa sa da cututtuka jamiái daga HALITTAR Mycobacterium.

Akwai da dama iri microorganisms cewa tsokane cuta a cikin mutane. Wadannan sun hada da:

• adam, na faruwa mafi sau da yawa, lissafin kudi don kashi 92% na duk lokuta ya ruwaito;
• Bovine, sakamakon a muhimmanci kasa cuta, suka sha daga game da 5%.
• tsaka-tsaki, yafi rarraba a Afirka ta Kudu, a Rasha da cutar gano a cikin 3% da marasa lafiya.
• linzamin kwamfuta da tsuntsu, da aka samu kawai a mutane da immunodeficiency jihohi a tarihi.

'Yan mutane san cewa haltta na numfashi tsarin ba a iyakance ga tarin fuka. A bacillus ne ma dũkan:

• ƙasũsuwa,
• gastrointestinal fili.
• genitourinary tsarin.
• kwakwalwa.

Ko da wuri, da rashin lafiya ne hadarin gaske musamman da zai babu makawa kai ga mutuwa idan ba'a.

A cuta yana da dogon shiryawa zamani. A farko bayyanar cututtuka iya bayyana bayan watanni 3 - 1 shekara bayan gabatarwar da cututtuka wakili.

statistics

Kiwon lafiya kwararru a duniya yi matukar damuwa game da m yaduwar cutar. Rasha a jerin kasashen da daukan 22th wuri.

A baya can, da girma daga kamuwa da mutane suka kasance sunã bauta sentences a kurkuku. Amma tun da farkon 90-ies fara wani fashewa, da kuma bacillus ga m baza.

Daily kamu sabon lokuta na da tarin fuka tsakanin m iyalansu, mafi yawan yara sun kasance daga marasa lafiya.

A kiwon lafiya kungiyar, wannan al'amari ya hade da wani karu a matsayin rayuwar al'ummominsu, wanda ya kawai ya gani a lokacin da aka lalacewa ta hanyar siyasa sake fasalin kudin kasar.

Domin shekaru masu yawa da wannan annoba kwararru sun aiwatar da wani sa na m matakan da cewa ba da damar kadan don daidaita halin da ake ciki, don rage wajen kisa da kuma mace-mace. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Alurar riga kafi na jarirai a asibiti.
• tracking sabon lokuta amfani da Mantoux gwajin (yara), da kuma x-haskoki (a cikin manya).

Da tarin fuka bacillus ne musamman resistant zuwa muhalli canje-canje, don haka lokaci mai tsawo yana kiyaye a cikin wani mai yiwuwa jihar a cikin ruwa, ƙasar da sauransu. N. Domin ba yarda da asali dokoki na sirri kiwon lafiya hadarin samun quite high.

halayyar ãyõyi

A farko-akai na pathogenesis ne shigar azzakari cikin farji na pathogenic sandunansu a cikin jiki. Irin wadannan mutane ba su nan da nan fada da rashin lafiya, daidai da, akwai wani gunaguni.

Tare da weakening na rigakafi na iya tashi:

• kadan karuwa a yanayin jiki.
• ya karu da zuciya rate.
• m sweating da dare.
• blush a hade tare da m fata pallor.
• wani rauni, dizziness.
• tari.
• sputum, gauraye da jini.

Tabarbarewar janar yanayin taso saboda da gubobi guba germs. A mafi yawan karin da mafi pronounced bayyanar cututtuka.

A farko alamun da tarin fuka a marasa lafiya tare da karfi na rigakafi tsarin iya zama low ko ba ya nan gaba ɗaya.

A mafi tsanani Hakika kuma m ci gaban da aka lura a persons da kiwon lafiya da matsaloli.

Idan kananan kwayoyin da aka buga:

• Kashi - akwai wani karfi zafi a duk gidajen abinci da kuma stiffness.
• Brain - akwai tashin zuciya da amai, mai tsanani da ciwon kai, da kuma tsoka zafi.
• Urinary tsarin - da haƙuri kullum ji ambaliya mafitsara. A ci-gaba mataki na bayyanar jini a cikin fitsari.
• Gastrointestinal fili (Git) - akwai wani m ciki rashin jin daɗi, tashin zuciya, ja zane a stool.
• Skin - a kan bãyan tẽkun kafa nodules cika da ruɓaɓɓen jini, wanda aka saukar a saboda Hakika.

A kan backdrop na dogon hanya na da tarin fuka akwai wani mai kumburi granulomatous irin tsari da za a iya lura a wani shafa sashin jiki. Don gane da yin amfani hanyoyin zamani na ganewar asali.

hadarin kungiyoyin

Medicine ya dogon nuna cewa pathogenesis da tarin fuka ya dogara da jihar na jiki ta kare tsarin.

Daga infecting babu daya ne rigakafi, amma a cikin mafi girman hadarin kungiyar hada da rãyukanku.

• HIV da kuma AIDS.
• fursunoni.
• wahala daga daban-daban kullum cututtuka (ulcers na narkewa kamar tsarin, da ciwon sukari, da dai sauransu ...).
• da miyagun halaye.
• ƙaramin.
• sakaci na sirri kiwon lafiya dokoki.
• Tuntubarsu da mai cutar.
• a lokacin daukar ciki.
• fuskantar yau da kullum da danniya.
• bai yi na'am da zama dole bitamin da kuma ma'adanai.
• da suke zaune a tsabtace muhalli disadvantaged yankunan.
• daga low-samun kudin shiga iyalansu.
• babu tsayayyen wurin zama.

Lokacin da aka kunna, da pathological tsari, da pathogenesis da tarin fuka ne halin da ya karu dauke da kwayar cutar.

siffar

A irin na kamuwa da cuta dogara da duration na magani, da aka yi hasashen yiwuwar infecting sauran mutane. Ware wadannan lokaci na tarin fuka:

1. Open. Lura a raunuka daga cikin huhu. Idan da za'ayi sputum bincike ya tabbatar da kasancewar pathogens a cikinsa, mutumin da yake dauke da kwayar cutar.
2. Rufe. Tare da wani mummunan sakamako, da mãsu haƙuri ba a m da cutar.

Idan itace farko samu a cikin jiki bayar da shawarar farko tsari, a gaban hali na sakandare.

Bugu da kari, cutar na iya bambanta a cikin yanayi halaka:

• miliary.
• watsa;
• infiltrative.
• iyakance;
• cheesy.
• fibrocavernous.
• tuberkulemny.
• cavernous.
• cirrhotic.
• tuberculous pleurisy.

Course na da cuta a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma lokacin daukar ciki

A etiology da tarin fuka ya nuna cewa mafi zasu iya kamuwa mutane da rauni na rigakafi da tsarin. Irin wannan take hakkin iya zama nakasar, amma mafi sau da yawa bayyana a cikin tsari na rayuwa, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar daban-daban dalilai.

A cikin shimfiɗar jariri kariya tsarin ba da cikakken kafa, don haka da hadarin kamuwa da cuta da aka ƙara a kishiya gwargwado ga yaro ta shekaru. E. Than ya ne a karkashin, da mafi kusantar qeta da sandunansu.

Bayan kamuwa da cuta, da rashin lafiya na faruwa a daidai wannan hanya kamar yadda a cikin manya, amma a mafi tsananin azãba form. Specific bambance-bambance ba kome.

Tarin fuka a lokacin daukar ciki ba a dalilin ta ƙarshe.

A miƙa mulki ga aiki zamani za a iya gani a farko trimester ko bayan ceto. A wasu lokuta rarer. Wannan shi ne saboda da ayyuka na rigakafi da tsarin, kuma hormonal canje-canje a cikin jiki.

Kamuwa da tayin da aka ba ko da yaushe kiyaye. M shi ne hali na wadannan siffofin:

• fibrocavernous.
• m hallakaswa.
• watsa.

Irin wannan pathogens sauƙi haye placental shãmaki, haddasa tsanani disturbances a cikin tayi.

Da zarar wani cikakken ganewar asali da mãsu haƙuri ne karkashin iko da likitan mata da kuma tarin fuka.

Jiyya farawa nan da nan, tare da zaban kayayyakin da cewa suna da akalla mummunan tasiri a kan haifa ba.

Idan da cutar da aka gano a cikin lokaci, da hangen nesa ga mace da yaro-friendly, amma akwai ban. Wani lokaci zubar da ciki ne har yanzu shawarar.

duba

Bayan bayyanar da farko alamun m marasa lafiya da wuya ziyarci likita, amma a banza. Bayan da mask m gajiya iya boye ba kawai tarin fuka amma kuma wasu m cututtuka.

Ko kadan tabarbarewar kiwon lafiya ba tare da wani alamu na m na numfashi da ciwon ya kama, amma tare da zazzabi ya zama wani lokaci zuwa ziyarci likita.

Harufan dubawa zai ilimin wanda ya kasa kunne ga dukan gunaguni, zai la'akari da etiology da tarin fuka da kuma ba shugabanci da na kowa gwaje-gwaje (jini da fitsari), da kuma sauran dole karatu, shi zai iya zama:

• Fluorography. 1 gudanar a kowace shekara tun yana da shekaru 15. Yana ba ka damar gano na huhu da tarin fuka da sauran numfashi cututtuka. Kunshe a cikin jerin m safiyo ga aiki, kafin ya shiga cikin sojojin, da sauransu. N. Idan sakamakon x-haskoki ne debatable, da ƙarin X-haskoki yi.
• Mantoux gwajin. Mutane da yawa kuskure dame shi da wani dasa. Wannan shi ne na musamman irin ganewar asali da tarin fuka. Yana yana da za'ayi a duk yara a cikin shekaru daga shekara 1 zuwa 14 - 15 years, wani lokacin har zuwa 17. A kananan allura an saka karkashin fata na da wani abu - tuberculin. A da tsarin yana dauke da sharar gida kayayyakin na pathogenic sandunansu. "A button" don bayyana bayan wannan lamba. Domin kimantawa sakamakon auna da diamita.
• Nasaba immunosorbent kima (Elisha). Yana ba ka damar sanin gaban kwayoyin a cikin jini a lokacin da binciken.
• Sputum analysis Ziehl-Neelsen. Da za'ayi a cikin dukan marasa lafiya tare da shafe tsawon tari. Sputum aka stained da musamman bayani, wanda damar domin sanin gaban pathogenic bacilli.
• Bacteriological sowings. Yana ba ka damar sanin abin da irin itace tsokani cutar. Shuka ore game 1-2 watanni, amma shi ya ba sosai m sakamakon, ba ka damar zabi wani tasiri far.

Domin da ake zargi da tarin fuka da sauran gabobin a Bugu da kari da za'ayi:

• X-haskoki.
• MRI ko CT scan na shafa yanki.
• encephalogram kuma m. p.

A pathogenesis da tarin fuka yana da matukar kama da siffofin da wasu cututtuka, kamar ciwon daji, don haka ba ko da yaushe yiwu ga zargin shi nan da nan.

magani

Selection na far yafi dogara a kan pathogenesis da kuma tarin fuka kananan dakunan shan magani. An yi karkashin iko da tarin fuka da kwararru da kuma daukan lokaci mai tsawo. A mafi yawan lokuta, shi ne 2 years old, kadan kasa 3-4.

A zabi na miyagun ƙwayoyi makirci dogara a kan al'amurra da dama. Yawancin lokaci, likita daukan irin wannan hukunci a kan tushen da:

• yanayin haƙuri.
• shekaru da kuma jima'i.
• jarrabawa sakamakon, kuma haka a. n.

Babban burin da magani:

• sa haƙuri da ba m.
• ta da waraka daga lalace kyallen takarda.
• mayar da kiwon lafiya.

M sakamakon za a iya cimma da taimakon da wadannan kwayoyi:

• Para-aminosalicylic acid.
• "Streptomycin".
• "Kanamycin".
• "Rifampicin".
• "Ftivazid".
• "Pyrazinamide".
• "Ethionamide".

Yafi amfani da 3, 4, 5, ko aka gyara lokacin guda.

Tabbata don amfani jiyyar cutar sankara, duration da kuma sashi ne m akayi daban-daban.

Bayan ake ji m magani nama farfadowa tsari ne jinkirin da ba quite kamar yadda ya cancanta, saboda haka, domin a halitta nama gyara tsari sau da yawa wajabta phthisiatricians pathogenetic magani. Wannan ya hada da dukan kewayon ayyuka a cimma sakamako mai kyau. Wadannan sun hada da liyafar:

• anti-kumburi jamiái.
• immunomodulators.
• enzymes.
• B bitamin.
• sorbents.
• kwayoyi domin kariya da kuma maido da hanta (hanta).
• glutamic acid.
• anticoagulants.
• antikininov.
• anabolic steroids.
• antiallergic jamiái da sauransu.

aiki

Mafi sau da yawa, da farko nau'i na cutar ba ya bukatar m magani. A ci-gaba lokuta ba tare da irin wannan hanyoyin iya yi ba. Idan rinjayar da huhu ne da za'ayi:

• Lobectomy.
• Resection.
• Bilobektomiyu.
• Pneumonectomy.
• Kavernoektomiyu.
• Pneumothorax.

Idan akai la'akari da pathogenesis na extrapulmonary tarin fuka a cikinta kuma za a iya amfani da tiyata.

Lokacin da rikitarwa daga cikin gastrointestinal fili na wani kamu wajabta na yau da kullum ko gaggawa tiyata don cire sakamakon.

Da tarin fuka CNS bi da yafi ra'ayin mazan jiya wajen. Idan ba su taimaka, ci gaba da kau da raunuka. Wannan ne mai matukar hadaddun hanya, wanda zai iya kai ga babu ja sakamakon.

Surkin jini fata granulomas kuma za a iya sarrafa.

Babban manufar irin ayyuka - kawar da sakamakon da cutar da kuma yiwu mayar da abin ya shafa tsarin.

Abin da ya yi zuwa ba samun

A duk da matsananciyar gwagwarmaya tare da tarin fuka likita, Pathology ne har yanzu sosai na kowa a cikin yawan jama'a, don haka babu wata cũta zai san yadda za a kare kanka da kuma iyalanka:

• Alurar riga kafi. Make wannan lamba ta iyayensu, amma kada ka yashe shi. Yana ba ka damar ci gaba da karfi da wata barã'aa cikin baby da kamuwa da cuta, wadda ta zama mafi karfi bayan kai 1 shekara. A sakamakon haka, da yaro ne ba rashin lafiya tare da tarin fuka, ko gudanar da shi a cikin wani sauki hanya.
• Regular dubawa. Yana ba ka damar gano cutar a farkon matakai, da kuma gudanar da wani tasiri magani su hana kamuwa da cuta daga babban yawan mutane. Wannan ya hada da Mantoux gwajin da kirji X-ray.

Wasu kungiyoyin na marasa lafiya suna nuna m jiyyar cutar sankara, shi mai fuskantar ta:

• Da ciwon rauni na rigakafi da tsarin ko na kullum cutar huhu, gastrointestinal fili, tsakiya m tsarin.
• Zama a cikin wannan dakin da mai cutar.
• Samun canji a cikin numfashi fili kan bango na fama da tarin fuka.
• Ƙananan yara, tare da matalauta da sakamakon Mantoux gwajin.

Bugu da kari ga likita shisshigi, akwai wani yawan shawarwari da za su iya rage hadarin bunkasa cutar. Don yin wannan:

• motsa jiki a kai a kai.
• ci mai lafiya rage cin abinci.
• fafitikar da addictions.
• wanke hannu sosai kafin cin abinci da kuma bayan faruwa ga jama'a wurare.
• iyakance lamba tare da marasa lafiya da mutum;
• da disinfected fari dakin inda aka kamuwa.
• a kai a kai dauki bitamin da kuma shirye-shirye dauke da polyunsaturated m acid Omega-3.

All-tarin fuka kwararru, likitoci san kadan m kan yadda za a rage hadarin yin kwangila da tarin fuka. Don yin wannan, dole ne ka yi karin kumallo da safe da kuma kauce wa dogon lokaci na yunwa a lokacin da rana (musamman lokacin da bukatar yin amfani da jama'a kai). An yi imani da cewa tun da bacillus yana da kusan babu damar shiga cikin jiki.

rikitarwa

Cikin illar da tarin fuka da aka alama a kan fuskõkinsu, zuwa jinkirta da ziyarar da likita da kuma sakaci bincikowa. Running nau'i na iya yin barazana ga mutane:

• cardiac da numfashi gazawar;
• zub da jini daga shafa gabobin.
• ulceration, fitsari.
• sosai koda aiki da kuma hanta.
• ci gaban granulomas a ko'ina cikin jiki.
• amyloidosis.
• pneumothorax.
• tabarbarewar motor aiki.
• inna.
• sepsis.
• gangrene.
• necrosis.
• coma.
• m.

Lokacin da matsalolin da cutar hangen nesa ne musamman talakawa.

Daga cikin sama da shi za a iya ƙarasa da cewa cutar tsokani wani iri-iri cututtuka. A farko alamun na huhu da tarin fuka iya bayyana dogon tari, kada kawar da mucolytic kwayoyi. Wannan ya faɗakar da haƙuri da kuma samun shi zuwa ganin likita. Yana da daraja a tuna cewa cutar amsa da kyau zuwa lura da dace magani, da kuma a yanayin saukan a miƙa mulki ga wani ci-gaba nau'i na wani babban hadarin da bunkasa rikitarwa, babu makawa zai kai ga wata azãba mai mutuwa.