Abokan girma na birni: wa wanda, don abin da kuma ta wurin wanda aka ba da taken kyauta

A cikin tarihin mutane masu ban mamaki, mutum yakan iya samun ma'anar da ke motsa girmamawa: "ɗan gari na gari na N". Mene ne wannan ma'anar yake nufi da kuma wace irin abin da ya dace? Wane ne daga cikin masu sanannen dangi ne mai daraja na Moscow da St. Petersburg? Amsoshin waɗannan da wasu tambayoyi masu yawa sun ƙunshi cikin labarin yau.

Wane ne dan takarar gari na gari?

Ya mallaki lambar yabo ta musamman wanda babban kwamishinan birnin ya bayar. Irin wannan lakabi yana da mutanen da suka yi gudunmawar gudummawa ga rayuwar zamantakewar al'umma. Kyautar da take "Madaukaki Citizen na City" yana nuna godiya da godiya. Ba shi da mallaka na musamman ko alhaki.

Wani dan majalisa na gari zai iya zama ba kawai dan asalinsa ba. Yawancin lokaci wannan lakabi an saka wa baƙi. Irin wannan lakabi za a iya ba da shi ga duk wanda ya yi babban gudummawa ga ci gaba da al'adu, masana'antu ko kuma sadaka a cikin birnin. Bisa ga tanadi "A kan dan takarar gari na gari," mutumin da ya kammala aikin ya zama mai mallakar wannan lakabi. Ba'a ƙayyade kalman "feat" a cikin abin da ke sama ba.

Wani dan takarar dan takarar birnin Moscow yana da matukar bambanci daga wadanda masu mulki na sauran ƙauyuka suke ƙaddamarwa. Da ke ƙasa akwai tsari na lambar yabo a wasu garuruwan Rasha.

Moscow

A cikin babban birnin kasar, an ba da lambar yabo mai daraja tun 1866. Ya ba da taken ga wannan ko wannan hali mai ban sha'awa Moscow City Duma. Wanene zai iya zama dan takarar dan kasar Rasha? Da farko dai, mutumin da yake gudanar da ayyukan da ake amfani da ita don amfanin Moscow, tabbatar da wadata da zaman lafiya. Irin wannan fassarar da aka ƙayyade ba ya bayyana batun da ke cikin wannan labarin ba. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya dace ya fada game da mutane da dama na Moscow, da kuma kawo ainihin gaskiyar tarihi.

A shekara ta 1917 an soke sunan mai daraja. Kafin juyin juya halin, kamar yadda a yau, aka yi amfani da taken ta Moscow City Duma. Bayan hakan, sarki ya yarda da shawararta. An ba da kyautar lambar "Dan takarar birnin na Moscow" mai suna 'yan majalisa' a cikin shekaru 90.

Baya ga wakilai na City Duma, 'yan takarar za a iya zabar su kuma magajin Moscow. Yayin da za a gudanar da zabe a asirce, an zabi dan takarar mafi cancanta.

Bisa ga Dokar a kan Dan takarar Moscow, dan takara don takardar girmamawa dole ne yayi la'akari da daya daga cikin wadannan ka'idoji:

1. Kasancewa da godiya sosai ga ayyukan sadaka.
2. Yi aiki mai ƙarfin zuciya.
3. Don samun iko tsakanin Muscovites saboda sakamakon al'adu, zamantakewa, kimiyya ko siyasa.

Ba a sanya wajibi ga wakilai da mutanen da ke da rikici ba. Mutum mai daraja yana iya zama mutum kawai a kansa. Kimanin watanni biyu kafin tattaunawa a Duma ya fara, kafofin yada labarai sun ruwaito akan zaben da za a gaba.

Shin 'yan ƙasa masu daraja suna da' yanci? Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, darajar ba ta ba da ƙarin haƙƙoƙin ko ayyuka ba. Amma mutane masu daraja suna yawan gayyatar zuwa abubuwan da suka faru na birnin Duma. An ba da kyauta don rayuwa.

'Yan ƙasa masu daraja na Moscow

Sunan duk wanda aka ba da kyauta mai suna, an tsara shi a cikin littafin musamman. An ajiye littafin a Gordum. Ta yaya tsarin kyautar ya faru? Wanda aka zaba a lokacin jefa kuri'a, an ba shi takardar digiri, takardar shaidar da alamar dan takarar.

Ana gabatar da gabatarwa tare da jawabai na jama'a da kuma jihar.

Mene ne karatun da rubutu suke kama? Yana da takarda na siffar rectangular, an yi ado da ado kuma an sanya shi a cikin al'adun rukunin Rasha. A alamar wani dan takara na Moscow shine hoton St. George da Victorious.

A shekara ta 2016, Gwamnatin Duma ta ba da lakabi Rumor IA - wakili na Kwamitin War Veterans. Wannan gabatarwa da aka gabatar Magajin. An ba da jita-jitar da suna da daraja ga shekaru masu yawa na aiki na zamantakewar al'umma da kuma shiga tsakani wajen bunkasa kishin kasa tsakanin wakilan matasa.

Wani dan takarar da ya cancanci ya zama dan takara na Moscow, wakilai na jihar Duma ba su zabi a kowace shekara. Amma ana iya ƙididdigewa ga mutane da yawa a lokaci guda.

Tun daga farkon dubu dubu biyu, an bayar da mutum tara masu daraja. Daga cikin su Victor Sadovnichy, Josif Kobzon, Alexandra Pakhmutova. Famous digirorin girmamawa jama'a na Moscow na karni na 20th - Pavel Tretyakov, Albert Thomas, Galina Ulanova. Da ke ƙasa akwai taƙaitaccen bayani game da wasu daga cikinsu.

Viktor Sadovnichy

Mahimman lissafin Soviet da Rasha, wanda ya taimaka wa tsarin koyarwar Rasha, an ba shi lambar yabo a 2008. Victor Sadovnichy fiye da kwata na karni ne darektan daya daga cikin manyan jami'o'i a babban birnin kasar, da dukan ƙasar. Wannan mutumin yana aiki a Jami'ar Moscow a shekara ta 1963, kuma tun 1993 ya rike mukamin rector.

Alexandra Pakhmutova

Wannan hali mai ban mamaki ya sami lambar yabo a shekara ta 2000 saboda taimakon da yake da shi ga ayyukan koyarwa da zamantakewa. Alexandra Pakhmutova shi ne mawallafi, marubucin waƙoƙi da yawa, masoyan Muscovites ba kawai ba, har ma da mazaunan dukkanin sarakunan Soviet.

Galina Ulanova

Dan wasan mai ballet ya ba da ransa ga Bolshoi Theatre - daya daga cikin alamomin al'adu mafi muhimmanci a Moscow - fiye da shekaru hamsin. A 1944, an canja Galina Ulanova zuwa babban birnin kasar. Daga nan sai ta zama mai jagorancin gidan wasan kwaikwayon Bolshoi. Bayan kammala aikinta, ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin malami.

St. Petersburg

A cikin babban birnin arewacin, an ba da lakabi mai daraja a karshen watan Mayu a ranar bukukuwan da aka gudanar don girmama birnin. An zabi 'yan takarar, kamar yadda a wasu yankuna na Rasha, da wakilai na gari, da kuma kungiyoyin jama'a da kungiyoyi.

'Yan takarar girmamawa na' yan majalisa na St. Petersburg. Gaskiya ne, ba koyaushe suna yin la'akari da zuwan ra'ayi ɗaya ba. Wani lokaci wakilai ba za su iya yarda ba, kuma birni ya kasance ba tare da sabon dan takara ba. Mene ne halayen mai riƙe da suna mai daraja?

Mutum, wanda aka ba da sabis a St. Petersburg a majalisar dokokin, suna da alamar dan takara. Wannan samfurin ya zama na filastik, wani nau'i ne, wanda aka kafa daga rassan laurel.

Mutanen da ke girmamawa a cikin birnin a kan Neva suna jin dadin samun kyauta ta hanyar sufuri. Ana biyan kuɗi a cikin birni a lokuta daban-daban na bukukuwan kuɗi daga kudade na gari. Hakika, a yayin da mai riƙe da taken ba mazaunin babban birnin arewa ba ne. A 2017, Valentina Matvienko ta sami lambar. Sauran 'yan girmamawa na St. Petersburg:

• Kimiyya shugaban Vladimir Vasiliev.
• Masanin ilmin lissafi Ludwig Faddeev.
• Marubucin Daniil Granin.
• Conductor Valery Georgiev.
• Coach Tamara Moskvina.
• Opera dan wasan Irina Bogacheva.
• Coach Vladimir Kondrashin.
• Actor Yevgeny Lebedev.
• Marubucin Joseph Brodsky.

Yawancin lokaci an ba da takardar girmamawa ga mutane biyu ko fiye da suka fi kwarewa da suka taimaka wajen bunkasa al'adu ko kimiyya. Don haka, a shekarar 2001, 'yan girmamawa na St. Petersburg sun zama likitan kimiyya Zhores Alferov da kuma alisa Freindlich.

'Yan majalisa na Yekaterinburg

A cikin wannan birni an fara samun lambar yabo mai daraja a baya a Moscow, a 1877. Tsohon dan takara na Yekaterinburg shine Janar Yevgeny Bogdanovich. Bugu da ƙari ga harkokin soja, wannan mutumin ya shiga aikin sufuri, yadu. Mutumin da yake aiki don amfanin al'umma zai iya zama dan takara a garuruwan da dama. Wannan shi ne Eugene Bogdanovich. An lura da ayyukansa a Tyumen, Kamyshlov, Sarapul.

Bayan juyin juya hali a Yekaterinburg, kamar yadda a cikin mafi yawan garuruwan Rasha, an ba da sunayen sunayen sarauta. A 1991, al'adun sun farfado. A farko digirorin girmamawa jama'a na Yekaterinburg bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet ya zama volleyball kocin Nikolai Karpol.

Volgograd

A Volga, akwai manyan fadace-fadacen da aka yi a cikin karni na karshe. Kuma a nan an yi babban kwarewa mai girman gaske. Saboda haka, saboda haka, a zamanin Soviet, an ba da kyautar sunan dan takarar girmamawa na Volgograd. Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta shiga cikin zaɓen 'yan takara. Daga cikin 'yan kabilar Volgograd, Marshal Vasily Chuikov, Kanar Janar Mikhail Shumilov, Marshal Eremenko.

A shekara ta 2001, an yi maɓallin taken take wasu canje-canje. Tun daga yanzu, 'yan takara don suna "Dan takara mai girma na Hero City of Volgograd" an dauke su kowace shekara a birnin Duma.

Matsayin da aka ambata a sama kada ya dame shi da sunan sunan mai suna Nicholas I. Masu daraja a kasar Rasha suna da matsayi matsakaici tsakanin masu daraja da masu kasuwa. Dangane da wannan dukiya shi ne matsayin mutum ko haɗin kai.

Matsayin mai daraja, wadda aka tattauna a wannan labarin, yawancin hukumomin gari ke ba da kyauta ga masu aiki, masu gudanarwa - a takaice, wakilan sassan fasaha da al'adu. Don haka, bayan sakin labaran "Liquidation", babban dan wasan kwaikwayo Vladimir Mashkov ya zama dan takara na Odessa.

Sau da yawa, shahararrun masanin wasan kwaikwayo, darektan ko zane-zane ne aka ba da irin wannan taken ga ikon birnin inda aka haife shi ko kuma ya ciyar da yaro da kuma yaro.