Air Force na yanzu na Poland. Tattaunawa na jirgin sama na Rasha

Duk wani tsarin zamani wanda ya bunkasa yana kulawa da kare iyakokin ƙasashenta kawai, amma yana kula da sararin samaniya. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa Sojan Sojan Poland na daya daga cikin manyan makamai a cikin wannan ikon Turai. Shugabannin yanzu na kasar nan sun fahimci cewa ba tare da kare kariya ba, ba za a iya ganin kariya ta mutunci da kuma mulki ba. Wannan labarin za a sadaukar da shi ga Sojan Sojan Poland. Za muyi Magana akan su a cikin daki-daki.

Brief bayani

An riga an halicci Soja na Soja a cikin nesa da mu a shekara ta 1918 tare da sanar da 'yancin kai na jihar. Wadannan dakarun sun shiga cikin yakin Poland da Soviet Rasha.

Bayan da Jamus suka mamaye Poland a 1939, ya zama wani ɓangare na Air Force Royal Air Force, kuma daga baya - Yaren mutanen Poland Mutane ta Army, wanda aka kafa a cikin tarayyar Soviet.

Sunayensa na yanzu - Siły Powietrzne - Sojan Sojan Poland ya karɓa a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2004, kuma ana sa har yau.

Tarihin tarihi

A ranar farko ga Satumba 1939 akwai batutuwan iska biyu, wanda, a gaskiya, ya ba da farkon farkon yakin duniya na biyu. A lokacin ne kuma rundunar Sojan {asar Poland, wanda aka nuna hotunan da ke ƙasa, na farko ya nuna ikonsu da iko.

Kyaftin Mieczyslaw Medvedcky tare da sarkinsa mai suna Vladislav Gnysh - ya tsere zuwa cikin iska a firgita kuma ya ga wani dan fashewar Jamus da ya dawo daga aikin yaki. Sanin cewa ana tsananta masa, Yu-87B jirgin saman ya bude wuta a saman jirgin Mechislav kuma ya buga shi. A cikin martani, sai sai ya sauka ya sami fasinjoji biyu na fasikanci - Do-17E. Vladislav ya yanke shawarar kai farmaki kuma ya harbe motocin motoci guda biyu. Wannan shine farkon yakin tsakanin fascist Jamus da Poland.

Kafin farkon wannan kisan gillar shekaru masu yawa na jini, jirgin sama a kasar Poland bai zama bangaren soja ba. Kusan jiragen sama 750 da suka fi dacewa da su a cikin tsarin jiragen sama guda shida, sun kasance ne a kan batutuwan jiragen sama a sansanonin kusa da Krakow, Warsaw, Poznan, Lida, Vilno, Torun da Lviv. A kwanakin nan, an dauke jiragen sama a cikin harshen Poland a matsayi na biyu. Saboda haka, a cikin Yulin 1939, jagorancin kasar ya yanke shawarar turawa mafi yawan jiragen saman sojan kasa don taimakawa dakarun ƙasa tare da kafa guda daya na sauran fasinja jirgin saman da brigades. Duk da haka, sake tsarawa ya fara ne kawai a cikin shekarun da suka gabata na watan Agustan da ya wuce. Matsalar gyara ba ta dace da sababbin abubuwa ba, ɗakunan kayan tsabta da tsarin samar da man fetur da aka yi aiki sosai.

Saboda haka, farkon Soja na Sojan Poland a yakin duniya na biyu tare da Nazis ba su taka muhimmiyar rawa ga wani dalili mai sauki ba: sun kasance ba su da shiri don gwagwarmayar da Jamus ta kaddamar da su, ta hanyar bunkasa aikin soja.

War Defensive

A lokacin 1939 muhimmiyar rawa a cikin gwagwarmayar da Jamusanci ta ƙungiyar 'yan wasan Poland ne, wadanda suka kunshi bangarori biyu, kowannensu ma yana da' yan wasa biyu. A cikin brigade, akwai mayakan R-11s guda goma, 15 15-R-11a, 10 da aka sawa R-7a da jirgin sama na sadarwa - RVD-8. Jagoran yakin duniya na farko ya umarci brigade, mai jagoran jirgi mai suna Colonel Stefan Pavlikovsky, wanda ya fara kirkiro ƙungiyar soja.

Brigade ya fara aikin yaki a ranar farko ta yakin. Game da 7 na safe daga filin jirgin sama 52 mai shiga tsakani a cikin sama. Wannan rukuni ne wanda ya kai farmakin hare-haren ta'addancin da ya kai Jamus-111, a cikin murfin Me-110.

A cikin kwanaki shida na farko na yakin, 'yan gwagwarmayar Poland sun iya harbe wasu makamai masu dauke da makamai 38. Kusan aikin babban brigade shi ne tsaron sama na Warsaw. A matsayin babbar hanyar da aka yi wa 'yan {asar Poland, an za ~ e makamai ne, a kan hanyar da' yan ta'addan Jamus suka kai. Ayyukan aiki na Ƙarfin Sojan {asar Poland ya ci gaba ne kawai a mako guda. A daidai wannan lokaci, yawan ragowar gwagwarmaya ya rage ƙwarai.

Rashin hasara

A cikin fadace-fadacen, 52 mayakan sun rasa. A fili a ƙasa, Poles sun rasa 36 R-7 da R-11. An kai harin bama-bamai goma sha uku tare da wasu karamar ruwa Karas, jirgin sama guda biyar da kuma fasinjoji guda daya. A cikin duka, sojojin Poland sun rasa jirgin sama 357. Game da rundunar sojojin Jamus, a watan Satumba na 1939, sun rasa jiragen sama 285, ciki har da wadanda ba kawai 'yan bindiga da boma-bamai ba, amma har da sadarwa, sufuri, da jirgin sama. A yawancin al'amura, saboda irin wannan hasara mai tsanani, Hitler ya sha wahala a Faransa kawai a 1940.

Ƙungiyar Soja ta Arewa

Bayan karshen yakin, ta hanyar shawarar jagorancin Soviet, an kafa ƙungiya ta musamman ta dakarun, wanda ke zaune a garin Brzeg:

Abinda ke cikin rundunar soja na rundunar soja (Brzeg, Poland) a cikin shekaru daban-daban na wanzuwarsa sun hada da:

• The 164th Guards Guards Kerch tsarin gyaran jiragen sama na Order na Red Banner. Wannan ƙungiyar ta kasance a kan tushe daga karshen 1958 zuwa 1 ga Agusta, 1990. Ƙarfin jirgin ya wakilta kayan aikin motar: Mig-25 RB, MiG-25 BM, Su-24MR.
• 151st sufurin jiragen sama rajimanti Raba lantarki yaƙi. An kafa shi ne a lokacin rani na shekara ta 1984 akan mahalarta 151. An kafa tsarin mulki a tushe a cikin shekarun 1960-1989. Kamar yadda makamai a cikin shekaru daban-daban, ana amfani da jirgin MiG-21R, Yak-28PP. Babban aiki na tsarin mulki shi ne ya rufe ƙungiyoyi masu fashewa na gaba-gaba da kuma halakar radar abokan gaba. Don kafa tsangwama na aiki da tsangwama, ana amfani da Yak-28 PP. A lokacin rani na 1989 an canja tsarin din din zuwa filin jirgin saman Belarus "Shchuchino".
• Saiti na 55 na Sevastopol Helicopter Regiment. An kasance a kan tushe daga 1981 zuwa 1989. Rahotanni sun sanya 'yan gudun hijira Mi-8 da Mi-24.
• 871 Firaministan Pomeranian Regiment of Aviation. Ya kasance daga 1989 zuwa 1990.

Interception

A karshen watan Yulin 2016, akwai wani mummunar lamarin da ya shafi Rasha. Kamar yadda Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Poland ta bayyana, rundunar soji ta Jamhuriyar ta Tsakiya ta dakatar da jirgin sama na Rasha wanda ba bisa ka'ida ba a ketare filin jirgin sama. Sashen ya lura cewa, don sace jirgin ruwa, a cikin jirgin saman F-16 wanda aka yi wa {asar Amirka, wanda ya yi fasinjoji.

Kamar dai yadda ya fito, Sojojin Soja na Poland ya karbi jirgin sama mai haske daga kamfanin Rasha, wanda, bisa ga bayanai mara izini, yana zuwa birnin Radom don shiga cikin wasanni na wasan kwaikwayo. Irin wannan da hankali ga kananan jirgin sama da aka riveted, saboda a lokacin makon da ya gabata na Yuli a Poland yi tauri hani a kan jiragen da kananan aircrafts saboda gaskiyar cewa kasar da aka Paparoma Francis, wanda ya dauki kashi a Duniya Katolika Matasa wadannan kwanaki.

Har ila yau, babban sakataren ma'aikatar tsaro ya bayyana cewa, bayan da Sojojin Sojan {asar Poland suka karbi jirgin saman Rasha, sai ta rediyo ta hanyar rediyo da kuma yin amfani da gesture abin da ya yi. A sakamakon haka, jirgin ya sauka a tashar jiragen sama na Radom kuma an aika shi zuwa jirgin sama na jirgin sama, kuma 'yan sanda na gida sun tsare shi. Bugu da} ari,} ungiyar {asar Polish ya nuna cewa, {ungiyar Sojan {asar Poland ta yi amfani da jirgin sama na Rasha, domin ya shiga yankin da aka hana shi ba tare da an samu izini na musamman ba. Duk da yadda kafofin yada labaru ke sha'awar wannan lamarin, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ba ta samar da cikakken bayani ba. A hanyoyi da yawa, sabili da haka, labarin cewa Soja na Soja na Rasha ya karbe jirgin saman Rasha bai samu ba ga jama'a.

Mu kwanakinmu

Ƙarfin Soja na Sojan Poland 2015 yana da kusan daidai da yau. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan ƙasa a wannan lokaci shine kadai a duniya inda duka guda biyu MiG-29 da F-16 suna cikin sabis ɗaya. Kuma Poles sun sami dukan Jamus da Czechoslovakia MiG-29 suna samuwa bayan faduwar Soviet Union. Akwai jirage irin wannan 32 a Poland.

Amma ga F-16, wadannan mayakan sune sabon, wanda musamman Amurka ta gina don musamman ga Poles a lokacin 2003-2004. Wannan yanayin ya fallasa shi ta hanyar Sojan Soja na Poland, abin da muke yi la'akari, a cikin haske mai kyau, tun da waɗannan F-16 sun kasance daya daga cikin sababbin na'urori a duniya na wannan canji, ban da kawai jiragen sama daga wasu ƙasashe.

Yawancinmu na iya yin tunani game da dalilin da yasa Amurka ta saka jiragen sama a Poland fiye da kanta. A nan amsar ita ce mai sauki. Ganin cewa Poland tana gaba da gabashin gabashin rundunar NATO, wanda ya nuna duk alamun dabarun zartaswa a cikin ci gabanta, yana da sauki a fahimci dalilin da wannan damuwa da kulawa da jama'ar Amirka game da abokan tarayyar Turai da ke kusa da Rasha.

Har ila yau a cikin sabis tare da Poland sune:

• 16 yankunan CASA C-295 M - Fasahar Spain.
• 5 guda C-130E Hercules - wanda aka gina a cikin jirgin saman sufuri na Amurka.
• 23 sassa PZL M28B Bryza TD - Yaren mutanen Poland jirgin sama.
• 28 sassa PZL-130TC-1 Orlik - jirgin saman horo na Poland.
• 32 guda TS-11 Iskra bis DF - jirgin saman horo.
• 2 guda Embraer ERJ 175 - VIP sufuri (Brazil).

Gidan jiragen ruwa na Poland suna wakiltar irin wannan inji:

• Mi-8 - 9 sassa.
• Mi-17 - 8 guda.
• PZL Mi-2 - 16 guda.
• PZL Sokół - 21 guda.
• PZL SW-4 Puszczyk - 24 guda.

Rubuta jirgin sama na farko

A lokacin har zuwa 2016, an dakatar da jirgin saman Su-22, wanda Poland ta ƙi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa dukiyar kirki da kayan jiki na wadannan jiragen sama sun kasance cikakke, kuma jagoran kasar basu gaji ba a sake gina su.

Girma

Na farko da aka sabunta shi MiG-29 ya shiga arsenal na Soja na Soja a Yuli 2013. An sanya wannan jirgin sama lambar lamba 89, kuma wurin da ya kasance na dindindin shi ne asalin soja, kilomita arba'in daga Warsaw.

Gaba ɗaya, an haɓaka jirgin sama 16 na irin wannan. Dukkan aikin da aka yi ta WZL-2 ne, wanda aka sanya kwangilar kimanin dala miliyan 40. Mun gode wa wannan fasahar fasaha, inji za ta ci gaba har zuwa 2028. Ƙarin kula lokacin da aka biya kayan sakewa zuwa tsarin tafiyar, tashar rediyo da sauran kayan aiki.

A karshen shekara ta 2015, Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Poland ta yanke shawarar tsara wani abu mai kyau, wanda shine dalilin sayen injunan jiragen sama na RD-33 na sassan jigilar na biyu, don samar da MiG-29.

Za a gabatar da injunan farko na farko a shekarar 2016, kuma a cikin 2018 za a karbi bakuncin su. Babban matsalar ita ce jerin nau'i na wannan injiniya ba wani abu da kowa ya samar, sabili da haka ikon wutar lantarki na irin wannan samfurin zai kasance kusan ba zai yiwu ba, don yanzu yanzu lokaci ya zo don na'urori na uku. Saboda haka, Poland yana la'akari da siyan injunan da aka kaddamar da su, tsawon lokaci wanda ya kamata ya zama akalla sa'o'i 350, kuma hanyar fasaha ya zama akalla sa'o'i 700. A lokaci guda kuma, mai buƙatar injiniya zai buƙaci bada tabbacin cewa tsire-tsire za su yi aiki da sa'o'i 200 ba tare da hadari ba ko kuma shekaru biyu na kalanda ba tare da ya faru ba.

Fasahar daga Italiya

A cikin watan Yulin 2016, kafofin yada labaru na Poland sun ruwaito cewa an fara gwada jirgin saman M-346 na farko a Italiya, wanda aka gina domin tsari na musamman na Poland.

A kan hanyar jirgin motar motar da aka kai a ranar 6 Yuli. Ya faru a Lombardy. Da farko, an yi amfani da jirgin sama tare da alamun Wutar Sojan Poland, amma kafin a tashi daga gefen jirgin ya janye daga gare su don kaucewa sabanin dokokin gida da kuma samar da ƙarin tashin hankali maras muhimmanci.

An kwangilar kwangilar tare da kamfanin Italiya a cikin adadin kudin Tarayyar Turai miliyan 280 a shekarar 2013. Yarjejeniyar ta ba da izini don samarwa da kuma samar da kayan aikin jiragen sama zuwa takwas a Poland. Bugu da ƙari, sojan Poland za su karbi simulators na musamman. Kamfanin zai kasance da cikakken alhakin horar da ma'aikatan injiniya da ma'aikatan jirgin saman Soja na Soja. Kwarewa daga Italiya za su hada da cikakkiyar tsari, tsawon lokaci na kiyaye jirgin da suke sayarwa.

Za a aika na farko na M-346 zuwa Poland a watan Nuwamba 2016. Sauran jiragen sama guda shida za su isa Poland a watan Fabrairu, Mayu da Oktoba 2017. Duk wadannan jiragen sama zasu kasance a cikin rudun jiragen sama na hudu, wanda aka kafa a Demblin.

Yarjejeniyar da Ukraine

Har zuwa karshen shekara ta 2016, za a kai 40 missiles R-27R1 zuwa masallaci na 23 na Minsk-Mazovia, wanda Kiev Artyom ya samar. Wadannan makamai masu linzami masu linzami, waɗanda suke da tsarin kula da radar mai kwakwalwa, za a shigar su a kan MiG-29 na Soja na Soja.

Tsaro na Tsaro

Da yake jawabi game da harkokin tsaro na iska na Poland, wanda ba zai iya lura da cewa kungiyar NATO ta riga ta sami batir da dama na tsarin fashin kayan yaki na Amurka ba. Har ila yau, rarrabuwa 13 na tsarin tsaro na iska S-125, tsarin S-200 da "Circle", wadanda basu da mahimmanci, har yanzu suna riƙe da tsaro na iska, amma duk da haka suna da cikakkun nauyin kariya.