Ajizai gasar

A zamani da yanayi na kusan kowane real kasuwar wasu har za a ɗauke su monopolistic, watau kasuwanni da ajizai gasar. Ajizai gasar - a kasuwar cewa ba sun yi wannan ko wancan yanayin m gasar.

Mafi yawan wa kayayyakin a cikin mafi zamani kasuwar yayi wani iyaka yawan kamfanonin iya ta nagarta na da rinjaye matsayin tasiri da yanayin da sayar da kayayyaki da kuma, fiye da dukan, a kan farashin matakin.

All tattalin arziki suna hudu kasuwar Tsarin: m gasar, monopolistic gasar, kuma kenkenewa da oligopoly. A karshe iri uku - ajizai gasar.

A bukatar karatu ajizai gasar saboda gaskiyar cewa wani gagarumin adadin tattalin arziki aiki ne da za'ayi a karkashin yanayi na kenkenewa. Wannan matsala ne musamman m ga Rasha tattalin arzikin.

Ajizai gasar a ayyukan tattalin arziki

Analysis na gasar a babban yawan takardun da daban-daban tattalin arziki. Adam Smith, misali, samarwa da manufar "free gasar", wanda ya zama samfur na m gasar. A Smith ta aikin ajizai gasar amsa kamar yadda wani kenkenewa.

Joan Robinson ya koma zuwa ga ilimin kididdiga analysis na ajizai ne kuma m gasar. Shi ne a cikin aikinsa ya tabbatar da dangantaka tsakanin kenkenewa price, farashin elasticity na bukatar da m kudin.

A halin yanzu, duk da haka, an kusa bincika batutuwa masu yawa, ciki har da ajizai gasar a wani asashen duniya.

Ajizai gasar: yanayi da kuma abun ciki na

A gasar shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin kasuwar tattalin arzikin. Saboda da kasuwar samar da daidaituwa da tsare-tsaren na masu amfani da kuma masana'antun, ya fi dacewa da yin amfani da albarkatun, redistribution na samun kudin shiga, daidai da sakamakon ayyukan.

Amma wannan shi ne zai yiwu ne kawai idan kera na gasar kayayyakin, gasa da juna.

Duk siffofin da kuma iri na gasar an rage wa biyu na asali: m, kuma ajizai. Perfect gasar - wannan shi ne irin wannan kasuwar model cewa ya gana da wani yawan yanayi:

· A manyan yawan masu saye da masu sayarwa.

· Mawadãci nuna gaskiya da kasuwar.

· A rashin iyawa na mutum kasuwa mahalarta tasiri cikin hali na wasu.

· Uniformity na kaya sayar.

· Motsi dalilai na samarwa.

· The rashin kayadadden iko da mutum kera kan farashin.

A zamani kasuwa ne imperfectly m kasuwar. Gasar zama irin wannan a lokacin da karya a kalla daya alama na m gasar.

A mataki na gasar kenkenewa ko imperfections iya zama daban-daban.

A mataki na farko - monopolistic gasar a cikin abin da kasuwar aiki da yawa kamfanonin, amma kowanne daga cikinsu yana da wani yanki na kenkenewa ikon, saboda da bambantawa na ingancin samfurin. An misali iya bauta ajizai gasar a aiki kasuwa, a lokacin da kowane] an takara yana da nasu basira, halaye da cewa rarrabe shi daga duk wasu.

A mataki na gaba - da wani oligopoly a lokacin da suka yi wani kyakkyawan zarafi 'yan manyan kamfanonin a kasuwa. A wannan yanayin, da mataki na daya daga cikin kamfanin zai kai ga retaliatory mataki da duk sauran kamfanonin.

Matakin qarshe na ajizanci na gasar - shi ne mai tsarki kenkenewa. A wannan halin da ake ciki, daya kadai kamfanin aiki a cikin masana'antu. Alal misali, kawai filin jirgin sama, kadai Railway a cikin birnin.

Saboda haka, za mu iya cewa ajizai gasar ne wani nau'i na zama kusan duk real-duniya kasuwanni.