Alexander Alyabyev: takaice dai biography, photos Alyabeva Aleksandra Aleksandrovicha

The kafa na Rasha romance, mai ban mamaki mawaki Alexander Alyabyev kafa m pushkinianu, Rasha instrumental jam'iyya music, wani harbinger na da yawa nan gaba nasarori na kasa makaranta na abun da ke ciki. An fi sani vocal ayyukansu, wanda a wannan ranar ne mafi sõyuwa da akai-akai yi ko da a cikin iyali da'irar moods so. Alal misali, "The Nightingale," "Winter Road", "Maraice Karrarawa" kuma da yawa, mutane da yawa wasu.

biography

Aleksandra Alyabeva daga yara saba da music. Akwai shaida da cewa ya dauki piano darussa daga cikin shahararrun D. Field. Duk da haka dai, ya fara aiki ya kishin shi, kuma shi ne da Piano "Grand Polonaise" - Rasha ta farko real concert aiki a cikin wannan salo.

Alexander Alyabyev haife shi a Tobolsk, a cikin gwamnan iyali, wadda ta ba shi damar samun wani kyakkyawan ilimi. Ya yi yaƙi da Napoleon sa kai detachment a cikin shahararrun mawãƙi Denis Davydov, aka munanan raunuka da kuma bayar da lambar yabo ga ƙarfin zuciya da kuma ƙarfin hali. Kuma bayan da yaki Aleksandr Alyabev, mawaki, kishin kansa gaba daya zuwa ga music.

Da babban falo ne sosai na son ci gaba da yin excerpts daga operas, m comedies, kuma mafi sau da yawa sung songs. Ƙawãta biography Aleksandra Alyabeva ban mamaki mutane: shi ya kasance wani aboki sosai kusa da Griboyedov, Shakhovskoi, Decembrists Bestuzhev Mukhanov. Ya raba da kuma tattauna shirye-shiryenku na kide Verstovsky da 'yan'uwansa Vilegorskimi. Na rayu a cikin Moscow - Theatrical rayuwa. Ko da "Kawasaki na Muses" a bude na Bolshoi wasan kwaikwayo da aka rubuta a hade tare da Alyabiev Verstovsky da Scholz.

Akwai alamun

Fadin kasar, ya zama a san ga music hada Alexander Alyabyev. Photo ba tukuna zama, amma hotuna da rubuce-rubuce da aka sani a cikin waɗannan kwanaki artists - mawaki ya shahara. Ya songs kuma rera waka a St. Petersburg da kuma Moscow, kuma a mafi m birane. A Bolshoi Theater su ne wasan opera "Village Falsafa", "Moonlight", da rawa "The Magic Drum".

Duk da haka, a cikin 1825, ya kashe abokin tarayya a cikin wani katin game. Nan da nan. Kuma Alyabyev kama. Kisa cajin ba a tabbatar. Duk da haka, mawaki ne hana duk darajõji, umarni da nobility. Kuma koma baya ga Tobolsk. A ƙasa mai nisa ƙwarai Siberian sanyi birni, inda ya ciyar da sau daya farin ciki da yara. A hoto a kasa ya nuna daya daga cikin mawaki kuma Lyricist daga cikin mafi kyau romances Alyabiev - Nikolai Ogarev.

Tobolsk da Caucasus

Alexander Alyabyev haka tada da wannan m la'anta cewa kawai music iya ci gaba da shi daga karshe mataki. A nan suna da ban mamaki ƙungiyar makaɗa da aka shirya, shi abubuwa a matsayin pianist, runduna daban-daban kide. Kuma ya rubuta music, shi ne sosai daban-daban daga baya daya, cloudless. Akwai bayyana da ya fi kyau songs: "Winter Road", "Irtysh", "Biyu hankaka". Amma juyayi buga wajaba: biography Alyabeva Aleksandra Aleksandrovicha a matsayin mutumin da duniya, tafiya a cikin wani gidan, aka gama. Mawaki m tsanani.

Shekara bakwai daga baya, a 1832, ya aka yarda ka bar Siberia da kuma Caucasus to tafiya domin magani. Akwai aka rubuta da romances, da aka buga da tarin mai taken "Caucasian singer". Long kafin babban haraji na almara M. I. Glinki ne Alyabev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich rubuta songs Caucasians, Kirghiz, Bashkirs, kuma jitu da matakai amfani a cikin aikinsa. Halarci tare da Maksimovich a cikin littafin "muryoyi a Ukrainian songs" cewa shi ne don haka m na N. V. Gogolyu. A nan a cikin hoto - master gida, inda da yawa ayyukan Alyabiev yi karo na farko, aboki na mawaki, sanannen Alexander Griboyedov.

samu

"Farewell" Alyabiev sosai hankali: a 1835 da aka yarda su zauna tare da dangi a cikin unguwannin bayan gari da cikakken ban da ziyartar manya a 1843 da aka yarda su rayu a cikin Moscow, amma a karkashin m 'yan sanda kula. Wannan yana nufin: Ba na ganin masu sauraro, shi ne ba da wata ƙungiya, kuma bã a kide ko da wasan kwaikwayo. Kuma haka kammala rayuwarsa, irin Narinderjot songs tare da karin yakin abun ciki kamar yadda "Bara a", "Village rikon", "Cabin". Kuma mafi kyau, dole ne in ce, ta bukata jama'a ya zuwa yanzu, amma kusan dukkan ayyukansa fara ilimi reference lokaci.

Ba daya daga cikin na farko marubuta na Rasha romances ya ba dauka irin wannan babban wuri a cikin Rasha music kamar yadda Alyabev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. Brief biography da ban sha'awa iri-iri daga cikin abubuwan da ya wuya rayuwa. Ya yi aiki a kusan duk m nau'o'i, amma ya cibiyar ban sha'awa ya kasance vocal lyrics. Fiye da 180 songs, da ballads hada da Alexander Alyabyev. Mawaki wanda biography ne kamar yadda idan wannan bai unsa aiki a gidan wuta shafi tunanin mutum da azaba. Kuma ya rubuta songs, shi ne har yanzu a hit, kamar da "Nightingale" a kan waqe Delvig ko "Bara a" a kan Beranger shayari. Alexander Pushkin, wanda aka nuna a cikin hoto a kasa, ya marubucin fiye da ashirin waqe mafi kyau songs Alyabiev.

halittar

Romances Alexander Alyabyev rubuta a kan ayoyi na mafi kyau kasida da ya fi so kwamandan Davydov, Zhukovsky, Vyazemsky, Kozlov, Koltsov, Lermontov. Ashirin da biyu songs rubuta a cikin aya Aleksandra Pushkina, da kuma goma sha biyar na su - ko da mawãƙi ta rayuwa. A karshen rayuwarsa fiye da wani hurarrun waqe Ogarev.

Na rubuta Alyabyev kuma mai yawa symphonic music da jam'iyya da kuma instrumental: Symphony a E qananan ne da kyau, ban tausayi Overture a F Ƙananan, da dama concert overtures, da yawa kide for daban-daban solo kida da ƙungiyar makaɗa, dance babban dakuna. Har yanzu, da yawa jam'iyya was Alyabiev karatu a makarantu da kuma music conservatories, kazalika da sauti a wani shagali yi. A hoto a kasa ya siffanta mafi ban sha'awa mutane lokaci Alyabiev - Decembrist Alexander Bestuzhev-Marly, marubucin da labari a kan abin da opera music Alyabiev aka kafa, da kuma songs a waqe Bestuzhev-Marly, ya kuma rubuta.

Wasan kwaikwayo, almara, tsarki music

Legacy Alyabiev Theater - wani zanga-zanga mai girma music a duk aka sani a lokacin da nau'o'i: shi ne wasan opera, kuma wasan kwaikwayo ta rawa, da kuma fiye da ashirin m comedies, wanda ba su da yawa daban-daban daga operas, akwai wani cantata, da kuma music ga kwaikwaiyo na wasan kwaikwayo sinimomi, kuma daga cikinsu - da kuma comedy da bala'i, da kuma wasan kwaikwayo. By Moscow farko na Pushkin ta "Mermaid" to Shakespeare "The tsãwa" da "Merry Mata na Windsor" ne ma music rubuta ta mawaki Alyabyev.

Shirya, kururuta, harhada kuma aka buga a babba yawan jama'a songs a littattafan - Rasha, Ukrainian, Tatar, Central Asia, Caucasian. Fiye da dari ayyukan ruhaniya ciki zo daga alkalami, daga gare su - sanannen ibadar.

al'adunmu Fate

Kamar yadda sau da yawa ba ya faru tare da mafi kyau na artists, waɗanda bã su lokacin da za a tafiyar da aikin ga zuriyarsa, ko wanda ganin kansu tsare halittawa "netlenki" Alyabiev al'adunmu an fi mayar da kiyaye su. Na 450 ayyukansu (wannan shi ne wani ballpark adadi), rinjaye - har yanzu a rubutum, wanda a cikin past rabin karni, kõfatansu a kan duwatsu kawai rasa. Da yawa daga cikin ayyukan da aka buga, amma ko ta yaya riƙa manta. Kuma da music ne m, kuma shi zai iya sa kansu da kuma mawaki posthumous daraja, da kuma aka sanya wannan hits, kamar "The Nightingale" a kan Delvig shayari.

Kamar yadda masu yawa kamar yadda shekaru hamsin bayan mutuwar mawaki da aikinsa, kuma ya biography bai halartar wani tsanani nuna bambanci ba. Amma duka biyu sun yi yawa haka fuskoki dabam-dabam! Ta yaya da yawa ban mamaki da kuma irin so nuances ne ba zai yiwu ya koma daga tur aya daga cikin sau! Har 1825 da sunan buga Alyabiev kusan bai tafi ba, amma bayan - kawai rare, a zahiri guda review na songs. Ya tarwatsa yunkurin fahimtar da biography, cike da erroneous ko bai cika data, don haka zuriyar kusan rasa mai kyau sunan da babban aiki na mawaki da kuma m adadi.

Dagewa da kuma ka'idojin

Ko numfashi ba ƙarya zargin bai karya da rai na mahalicci ba. Bayan duk, wannan bege ga 'yanci, Loneliness dalili, tausayi da wahala, bege ga gaskiya, wato, da wannan sa na images halayyar kerawa, za mu iya kalla a cikin makon da ya lokaci.

Alexander Alyabyev mawaki kamar yadda talented kamar yadda suka yi shaƙãwa, Na samu wasu consolation daga wani taro da mace kafin, da wanda ya sa m na farko sunan Rimsky-Korsakov. Sai ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyau songs alyabevskoy Pushkiniana aka rubuta - "na ƙaunace ku." Wannan mace, Ye Ofrosimova lokacin widowed, ya zama matar da mawaki.

Nikolay Ogarov Bestuzhev-Marly

Alyabyev mawaki da kuma mawãƙi Ogarev zama sosai a kusa a cikin forties na karshe karni. Alyabiev mafi kyau songs - "Cabin", "Tavern", "Village matsara" - an halicci waqe Ogarev. Long kafin zuwan bincike da kuma Dargomyzhsky Mussorgsky wadanda mutane romances fifita jigo na zamantakewa rashin daidaito. A mawãƙi tare da mawaki yana da yawa a cikin na kowa: kama da gudun hijira, a kalla. Ko da yake Alyabyev jimre duk wannan zãlunci kuma kamar yadda idan da hatsari, kuma Ogarev ya nuna jin bidi'a da konstitutsionistom, wanda ya sa aka gurfanar da dokar. Ogarev da Herzen, "kararrawa", Ingila - kowa ya san kuma ya ambaci.

A karshe uku opera Alyabiev kuma sauti da hankula m yanayi, yana da Shakespeare "The tsãwa" da "Edwin Oscar" a cikin matani na zamanin d Legends koltskih. Amma shi ya cancanci musamman kalma wasar kwaikwayo ta waka "Ammalat Bey" a kan labari da Alexander Bestuzhev-Marly da kuma romance to nasa waqe "a cikin Caucasus rũgũguwar fita girgije." Ya aka kashe a cikin Caucasus a 1837-m, kuma wannan asara da aka kusan bugi Alyabiev: an riga kashe uku daga cikin fi so kasida. Kuma duk da haka - Alexander Pushkin, Griboyedov, Bestuzhev-Marly. Decembrist m ruhu ya ba waned a mawaki ta ayyukansu.

Komawa memory

Fara kisa da baya m ayyukan Aleksandra Alyabeva gudanar a cikin bazara na shekarar 1947. Sai concert da aka shirya a Moscow Philharnonic, wanda featured fiye da shekara ɗari da cikakken abu wulakantacce "Bambance-bambance don Violin da Orchestra", "Na Uku Kirtani Quartet" da kuma biyu orchestral overtures. Nasarar da aka girma! Promotion na jam'iyya music mawaki tsunduma a irin wannan gagarumar kida kamar yadda Gilels, Oistrakh, da kuma kungiyoyin - mai suna Sveshnikov mawaka, Jihar Beethoven Quartet.

Tun shekara ta 1949, da aka buga ayyukansu suka taba aka buga Alyabiev, ba zato ba tsammani ya bayyana makafi spots a cikin tarihinsa. A fahimtar da mai rawar da ya buga a cikin tarihi na Rasha m art. The mafi ban sha'awa abu ne cewa, a cikin daban-daban archives ci gaba don gane da ba a sani ba ayyukansu. Kamar yadda tafiya ta ci gaba dogon da labarin kasa na da m, na iya faruwa, kuma mafi binciken da irin wannan shirin.