Artist Boris Kustodiev: babbar turakun m biography

Lovers of Rasha art ne da aka sani da sunan irin wannan mai girma na kasa artist Boris Kustodiev. Ka yi la'akari da wannan labarin da m biography na mutum.

Boris Kustodiev: takaice dai biography, da matakai na m balaga

Future artist aka haife shi a Astrakhan, a Czarist Rasha, a 1878. Ya zo daga wani ilmi, malami na iyali. Mahaifansa biyu kaunace Rasha art da kuma shige da wannan soyayya ga 'ya'yansu. The artist mahaifin sanar da falsafa, dabaru da kuma adabi a seminary. Lokacin Boris ya 2 years old, mahaifinsa ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani.

Duk da haka, da iyali ya iya samar da wani mai kyau ilimi wa yaron: ya yi karatu a cikin Ikklesiya makaranta, sa'an nan a cikin makarantar sakandare. A farko darussa a zanen Boris Kustodiev samu shi a cikin gida Astrakhan dakin motsa jiki.

A 1896, wani saurayi ya shiga babbar reshe na da St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Daga shekara ta biyu ta malaminsa ya shahara zane-zane I. E. Repin.

A bara a Academy Boris Kustodiev, aiki a kan da ya sauke karatu hoto a Kostroma lardin, ya sadu da nan gaba matarsa, Yu Ye Poroshinsky. Ya sauke karatu daga makarantar kimiyya, ya brilliantly: samu lambar zinariya, kuma mãdalla da al'amurra.

A farko nasarorin

Bayan bikin aure, da kuma kammala da shakka da artist Boris Kustodiev ke zuwa kasashen waje yawon shakatawa don samun matsahi na saba da dukkan launuka na Turai rayuwa. Ya kasance a Paris, da kuma a Jamus da kuma a Italiya. Gana da mashahuri Turai artists na lokaci, sai na zauna a ziyarci yawa art nune-nunen da galleries.

Back a Rasha, Kustodiev ci gaba da aiki a kan Genre zane-zane. Su ne jerin ayyukan "Village Festival" da aka halitta da kuma "Fair". saurayi iyawa ja hankalin da ya Sahaban. Bayan shawarwarin da Repin Kustodiev an zabe farfesa na St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, ya zama memba na kungiyar Rasha artists fara hada hannu da yawa da wallafe-wallafen da art mujallu.

Hotuna Kustodiev: wani alama na Genre

Boris Kustodiev shiga tarihi na Rasha art da fari a matsayin sosai talented portraitist. Ya halitta jerin hotuna da tsaransa, da kuma zane-zane har yanzu dauke da wani masterwork.

Masu nuna cewa, a cikin art samu ta aikewa da ikon launuka da jigogi Repin, Serov kuma da dabara m alamu. Duk da haka, da artist ya iya ya halicci, kuma ta marubucin style: ya hoto na wani mutum ne halin ba kawai ta fuskarsa da kuma bayyanar, amma kuma dukan zagayenta yanayi.

Bari mu bincika daga wannan ra'ayi sanannen "Merchant ta Wife a Tea," da aka rubuta a shekarar 1918 ya gangami.

Duk abin a cikin wannan fim ne Ribar tare da ji na hakuri da zaman lafiya. Cikakken fuska bazawara, ta haske da tufafi, yau da kullum abubuwa da suke kewaye da ita, ko da wani cat cewa an guga man ya farka - An ji a kowane tabbataccen tunani: yana da laushi dara, da kuma ƙoƙari ya fahimci ainihin rai na Rasha mutane.

Ayyukan da artist mai yawa abubuwa a kan m m Rasha jama'a art, kuma daga zamanin d parsuna, kuma daga zamanin d aljanna-labari images of mutane da kuma dabbobi.

Mafi shahara aiki

Bugu da kari a waccan mujalla da muka "Merchant ta Wife a Tea," mafi girma shahararsa da aka samu wadannan hotuna Kustodiev: hoto na Fedora Shalyapina, rubuta a 1921, wani hoto Maksimiliana Voloshina (1924), da zane "Bolshevik" (1920), aikin "Rasha Venus" (1925), da zane " Fair a Saratov. "

Duk wadannan zane-zane da aka imbued tare da ji na kasa ruhun kyakkyawa, mai zurfi ma'ana da kishin kasa, da halayyar siffofin da aka ta da hargitsi da launuka da monumentality daga cikin hotunan.

Rasha heroes ake wakilta a cikin zane-zane na Kustodiev girma Rasha singer Feodor Chaliapin kuma marubuci Maximilian Voloshin. Chaliapin tsaye a Jawo gashi unbuttoned, ya aka ado kamar dandy, amma a lokaci guda a cikin image, akwai wani abu m, mai iko da kuma yin ishãra. Daidai da babbar kuma majestic Voloshin, shugaban na wanda ya ginu ne a kan gajimare.

A zanen "Bolshevik" protagonist wanda aka nuna a bango na mai haske ja banner, a shirye su goge haikali. Girmancin na Bolshevik daidaita da tsawo na gine-gine ginen. Saboda haka, artist dismantles mutumin da sabon zamanin, wanda yake ganin kansa a matsayin da lashe tsohon tsarin da mahalicci da wani sabon rai.

Mutane da yawa zane-zane da ya rubuta a cikin m rayuwa Boris Kustodiev, zanen shi gigice masu kallo su ikon yinsa, da kuma girma da.

Misalai na adabi ayyukan ƙwarai, kuma Theatrical ayyukansu

Kustodiev shahara a matsayin kyakkyawan zane. A lokacin rayuwarsa ya halitta da yawa ayyukansu mujallu da ya wuce su gane fuskar na leoyan na ayyukan Rasha na gargajiya wallafe-wallafe. Ya misalta ayyukan girma Leskov, fentin zana rubutu da kuma ko da majigin yara.

Daban-daban na Rasha art mai daraja Boris Kustodiev, zanen shi ne rayayye amfani a cikin wasan kwaikwayo yanayi. Musamman mai haske aiwatuwa da artist ta iyawa a samar da shimfidar wuri domin productions na Moscow Art Theater. Yana aiki a kan ayyukan Ostrovsky, Saltykov-Shchedrin, kuma ko da Zamyatin (af, goga Kustodiev mallakar da kuma daya daga cikin shahararrun hotuna na Zamyatin). Ayyukansa Sahaban so da sauki, karfin embodiment na image da kuma mai girma selection launuka.

A karshe shekaru ransa

Na yi mai yawa ya yi a cikin m rayuwa Boris Kustodiev, ya biography - a kai tsaye tabbatarwa.

A karshe shekaru 15 na rayuwarsa da artist aka tsare a keken hannu. Ganin cewa ya aka shan azaba da wani m, kuma mai tsanani kashin baya ƙari da cewa bai haifar ga m magani. Kustodiev aka tilasta rubuta zaman farko sa'an nan kwance.

Duk da haka, ya ci gaba, ba kawai m, amma kuma zamantakewa, kuma ko da a shekarar 1923 ya shiga cikin Association of Artists na Revolutionary Rasha.

Boris mutu a shekara ta 1927, aka binne a Birnin Leningrad - a cikin hurumi na Alexander Nevsky Lavra.