Bakinka tiyata: photo

Bakinka, haltta wanda za a tattauna a wannan labarin, shi ne "Iyakar" tsakanin muhalli da dalĩli da mutum ciki yanayi. Shi babban mai tsanani shãmaki to kwayoyin, samar da farko na narkewa da ya faru na sautuna.

Bakinka: haltta a ontogenesis

A lokacin da amfrayo ci gaban mutumin bakinka farawa wajen samar da riga a cikin 12th rana. Gani tana wakiltar protrusion ectoderm, wanda aka located tsakanin tsinkaya cardiac da cerebral kumfa. A wannan lokacin, shi ne ake kira da fovea, ko baka rami.

Harshe tasowa a ontogenesis 4-5 mako. A taban da ake tsokoki, shi ne a sakamakon gyare-gyaren da gill arches. Kara ci gaba da na baka rami, wanda shi ne yafi rikitarwa Anatomy, damar da 'ya'yan dandana ruwar. Wannan shi ne yanayi inda shi ne located. A 7th mako a cikin harshen dandano buds bayyana. By farkon watan biyu na da amfrayo ci gaba kammala da samuwar sama.

Features mucosa

Tiyata da na baka rami (photo nuna da tsarin) wakilta da wadannan aka gyara: lebe da harshe, cheeks, hakora, gumis, ducts na salivary gland, tonsils da kuma iska.

An muhimmiyar rawa a tabbatarda ayyuka taka mucosa kafa multilayer lebur epithelial nama. Kasa shi ne ginshiki membrane da submucosal. A halayyar fasalin da na baka epithelium ne mai high iya aiki domin farfadowa, wanda aka aiwatar saboda ta sprout Layer, kazalika da juriya ga illar da muhalli samuwar kasashe da kuma cututtuka matsakaici.

Actual mucous membrane na connective nama yana kafa ta Kwayoyin. Wannan shi ya ƙunshi jijiya endings, capillary da lymphatic tasoshin. Actual mucous an qware salula Tsarin, ya cika wani muhimmin aiki. Wadannan sun hada da macrophages, mast Kwayoyin da jini. Su samar da phagocytosis na waje barbashi, tsari na jijiyoyin bugun gini permeability, kira na immunoglobulins.

Da na baka mucosa ne daban-daban iri rabe. Wadannan sun hada da ciwo, tactile da kuma zazzabi. Amma dandano na mucous ba su sani ba. Wannan aiki da aka yi da wani murdede sashin jiki da na baka rami - harshe.

A sakamakon haka, ana iya ce cewa mutum mucosa da na baka rami na samar da wani m, roba da kuma m aiki.

harshe

Anatomy mutum baka rami na samar da samuwar kuma mouthfeel. Da suka faru lokacin da fallasa su daban-daban sunadarai zuwa qware rabe. Amince dandano ji ne zalla mutum. Amma masana kimiyya bambanta da manyan iri. Su ne m, m, mai dadi, kuma m.

Ku ɗanɗani rabe kira chemoreceptors. Suna located in dandano buds, kowanne daga wanda aka haɗa zuwa bakin bude sau. Duk da sauran tsarin da shirin, su ne na musamman. Saboda haka, tip na harshe ne da mayar da hankali rabe cewa gane zaki, a kan gefuna - wani m, a tushen - m. A fadi shi ne yankin da za a iya gane da m iyawa. An located a kan tip da kuma a kan gefuna. Harshe yana kuma da hannu a cikin samuwar sauti, wetting, kneading da hadiya abinci.

A ilimin halittàr jiki da bakin da hakora

Inji Abinci aiki ne da za'ayi ta hanyar hakora. Yadda aka saba, suka ƙidaya 32. A cikin rijiyoyin kowane daga jaws located a kan 4 incisors, 2 canines, 4 kananan da kuma 6 manyan molars. Dukan su ne na musamman. Saboda haka, tare da taimakon incisors da canines auku nibble abinci, da kuma da taimakon 'yan asalin ta niƙa a mushy jihar.

A peculiarities na waje tsarin da hakori rarrabe tushen, wuyansa, kuma kambi. A karshen ne da ake iya gani na shi da aka located sama da danko. A masana'anta da yake rufe da kambi, da ake kira enamel. An dauke da mafi wuya a cikin jikin mutum. Neck Forms kasa m abu - sumunti. Connective nama ciko da rami na wani hakori ne ɓangaren litattafan almara. Yana shirya jijiya zaruruwa, lymphatic da jini. Saboda haka, yana ta hanyar ikon da ɓangaren litattafan almara ya auku da kuma hakora girma.

Ta yaya ne da samuwar wadannan Tsarin da na baka rami? Bookmark hakora faruwa har ma a zamanin tayi zai kare. Amma da suka bayyana bayan watanni 6 bayan haihuwa. A total na 20. Su ne madara, har zuwa shekaru 10 ana maye gurbinsu constants. Bugawa girma hikima hakora da ya bayyana ga shekaru 25. Ga wani mutum, su ne throwback tun rasa muhimmanci a cikin shakka daga juyin halitta.

rabe

Masana kimiyya sun ce a cikin baka rami ne game 2000 dandano buds. A mayar da martani ga rasit na abinci suka samu quncin rai. A sakonni wadda haka ne aka kafa, a kan jijiya zaruruwa da aka aiko ta hanyar wani na musamman sashen tsaka-tsaki na cerebral bawo. Ga kuma kafa ji na iyawa.

Domin dukan mutane, da shi ne da gaske akayi daban-daban. Ku ɗanɗani ayyana ƙwarai bakin kofa. Domin daban-daban sunadarai shi ne ba iri daya ba. A mafi adadi ga m, low - to m. Kuma a nan ne m da kuma dadi mutum tsinkayen guda.

Chemical lura da abinci

Tiyata da na baka rami da kuma pharynx irin wannan cewa har yanzu suna da wasu primary tafki domin abinci narkewa. Kai tsaye abinci, ta kama ko wari ta da salivation. Wannan ya faru ta hanyar gland, ducts wanda bude a cikin baka rami. Tare da yau tsakiyan nonon hadaddun carbohydrates to sauki neutralization na da ake dasu, moisturizing kuma Yanã rufe bolus. Next, ta amfani da harshen da ya tura zuwa makogwaro, da motsi a cikin esophagus da ciki.

A abun da ke ciki na yau

The jiki Properties na yau ne wani colorless ruwa mucous daidaito. Fiye da 98% na da abun ciki na ruwa. Tsakiyan nonon hadaddun sugars samar yau enzymes - maltase, amylase da lysozyme. A karshen kayan aikin ma wani aminci aiki neutralizing pathogens kuma warkar da baka raunuka.

Yau kuma ya ƙunshi mucilage, da ake kira mucin. Yana bayar da hydration kuma Yanã rufe abinci. Saboda haka, inji, da kuma sinadaran abinci aiki ya yi aikin daidai da na baka rami. Tiyata na narkewa kamar tsarin da aka cikakken nasaba da ayyuka yi.

Ta yaya ne yau

Tsari yau reflex faruwa. Domin ta "fara" bukatar rabe hangula da na baka mucosa. Wannan ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa jijiyar, wanda aka sa'an nan ta aika wa salivation cibiyar na medulla oblongata. Irin wannan tsari ne UR.

Amma idan muka kawai kwatanta wani m lemun tsami ko flavored cake, sa'an nan a bakin nan da nan ya fara salivate. Irin wannan samuwar kasashe masu matukar.

Saboda haka, baka rami, inda haltta aka sake nazari a cikin wannan labarin, da wadannan ayyuka:

• domin sanin ingancin da kuma iyawa abinci.
• inji da kuma sinadaran aiki na abinci.
• tsaro da pathogens substandard kayayyakin.
• bolus samuwar.
• tsagawa hadaddun carbohydrates cikin sauki.