Berdan bindiga: bayani dalla-dalla da kuma hotuna. Bigiren bindigogi Berdan

Mafarautan bindiga Berdan aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi kyau a lokacin. Abin baƙin ciki, a yau shi ne ba sosai da aka sani, musamman a fuskar da yawa waje model. Duk da haka, irin rawar da Berdan bindigogi ga Rasha sojojin ne invaluable. Sun kasance a cikin sabis don kusan shekaru ashirin da haka cikakken cancanci ya dauki da rightful wuri a cikin tarihi na Rasha da makamai.

labarin

Mahalicci bindigogi Berdan ne American kirkiro. Yana da yake cikin girmamawa da suka suna. An yi imani da cewa na farko da kwafin zo daga cikin na'ura a 1868. A Afrilu 1869 mahaliccin Berdan bindigogi zo tare da su yaro a Rasha. New guda-shot bindiga aka gabatar da Rasha Tsar. Yana da matukar dadi to Alexander II. Sarkin sarakuna ya zartas da dokar ya dauki shi a kan jirgin. Wannan yadda labarin ya fara dogon sabis bindigogi Berdan a Rasha sojojin. Asali, da shuka da aka yi umurni da jam'iyyar dubu talatin kofe. A daidai wannan lokaci a wata ma'aikata a Bridge Port fara samar da bakwai da rabi miliyan akai-akai na ammonium ƙaddara ga wadannan bindigogi.

Daga baya, ta yi dumu-dumu a cikin Zartarwa kanar na Rasha sojojin Alexander Gorlov da Lieutenant Gunius. Kuma riga a 1870, tsohon model maye gurbinsu da wani sabon tsarin Berdan bindiga - 2. Yana da nunin ƙofar da aka dauke ba a kananan makamai.

Talatin da biyar canje-canje da aka Madĩna a sakamakon gyare-gyare na asali zane. A sabunta model aka gabatar Gau Hukumar. Ta girma da arziki msa duk gwaje-gwaje da kuma aka karɓa a cikin sabis a matsayin "mikakke harbi wani bindiga."

fanni na aikace-aikace

Its kyau kwarai ballistics shi ne dalilin da cewa wannan model amfani da sojoji aiki a skirmishing da kuma kula da melee. Wannan bindiga da aka yi amfani da Guard Forces na Rasha sojojin a lokacin yaƙi da Baturke janissaries daga 1877 zuwa 1878. Su ba ta gushe ba za a yi amfani da ko da akwai bindigogi Mosin Nagant ko. A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, wasu sojoji kora su bindigogi Berdan-2 zamo 10.75x58.

A Rasha, wadannan makamai da aka sanya. Duk da haka, shi ya sa hatimi a Rasha, kamar gangar jikin da aka yi wani rubutu: "Koltovsky makamai factory. Hartford. Amurka "da kuma wani serial number. By farkon Rasha-Turkish yaki, da Rasha, sojoji sun kasance game da goma sha takwas dubu bindigogi Berdan. Bugu da kari, babban adadin makaman da aka a sabis a cikin rundunar sojojin Bulgaria a cikin yaki a shekara ta 1914. Game da dubu talatin kofe a game da lokaci guda da aka kuɓutar daga Rasha zuwa Mulkin Montenegro. Kuma a 1995-96, a lokacin yaki a kasar Habasha, da aka saya dubu talatin guda na kututturan tsara ta uku.

description

Daga cikin ra'ayi na zamani masu amfani, wannan makami alama da gaske a "dodo." Its sosai tsawon kuma m nauyi jiki da kuma harsashi da baki foda kadan to dadi harbi. Duk da haka, idan ka dubi makaman da idanu da tsaransa, to, akwai da yawa abũbuwan amfãni. Babban Rasha sojojin a wancan lokacin sun guda-shot bindiga Krnka da Carla tare da wani zamo kamar 15.2 mm. Kuma shi ne a kan su bango a wadannan shekaru, "Berdan bindiga" ze real "melkashki" - m, kuma m.

Design fasali

Berdan bindiga-2 da aka sanye take da wani gun tsarin, tsara don iyakar kewayo na ɗari shida matakai. Yana tashi ba tare da namushnike located a wani babba nesa daga muzzle. Kuma dama a kan akwati da komowar ruwa domin kayyade da bayoneti, da kuma gado da wani mike wuyansa. "Berdan bindiga" da aka sanye take da wani bayoneti.

bindiga zane ne musamman sauki. Its jawo inji tare da wani mainspring da ɗan ganga keyhole located shiga cikin tube, wanda tare da rufe, gincire a kan wani mai gangara axis, aiki quite smoothly. A bindiga da aka ba sanye take da extractor: harsashi lokuta sojoji da cire hannu. Saboda haka, mafificin ya Sahaban a daidaici da kuma daidaito na wuta, cikin sharuddan saukaka, shi rasa wasu daga cikin sauran model.

Berdan bindiga-2 da wannan akwatin kamar yadda a farkon lamarin. Da farko, shi da aka yi na irin goro da kuma bayan - Birch. Handguard aka shãfe haske da ganga zamiya zobba a kan sukurori. Akwai biyu. Gani kuma yana da wannan tsarin, da kuma tide ga attaching bayoneti ya a gefen dama. A wannan yanayin, da bayoneti aka modified. Ya ba gyarawa karkashin ganga, da kuma a kan dama.

Kulle aron kusa ɗauke da ta juyawa da arba'in da biyar digiri. Wannan bai isa ga irin wannan krupnokaliberki, harbi mai iko ya zama majiɓinci. A daidai wannan kunya, wanda aka sanye take da bindigogi Berdan rufe huta a kan mayar da bango to da mai karɓar.

da yin amfani da

Amma a cikin wannan hanya ta fara zo a cikin Rasha sojojin. Yi amfani da bindiga da aka sauki isa. Lokacin da tube ne ja a kan shank keyhole keyhole tube mutanena su ka mataki spring da guduma da aka sanya a kan mutanena su ka.

Sa'an nan, shan a kananan ball-dimbin yawa rike, ka yi bude kofa da kuma amai da shi a gaba da sama, load wani bindiga. Bayan rufe da gun ya shirye su wuta.

Kwanson

Berdan bindiga kora extruded tagulla hannun riga kwalban-dimbin yawa, a ciki na wanda wani tagulla kofin domin manufar karfafa hula, da kuma a tsakiyar tafiya. A lura da nitrate foda-kwal da kuma ruwan kasa da kwal don mahayan auna embodiment 1 Sol, ko 4,265 g Ganin cewa bindiga Berdan-2 dakaru kora tare da wasu mutum na share fage -. 1.19 Sol, ko biyar grams .. A foda a wata takarda kofin sa kanta prosalnik sanya na man alade gauraye da kakin zuma. Ya aka bukata don magance ganga fouling kuma mafi obturation. The sojojin doki Chuck biyu prosalnika aka bayar. Harsasai a bindigogi Berdan sun Silinda-ogival, niƙe, daga m gubar a cikin wata takarda wrapper. A kan su ranar akwai wani indentation domin ajiye a ciki karshen takardar.

zamo kamar

Kunsa taimaka kare rifling daga zasvintsovaniya tsari. Bugu da kari, shi ne ya zama ruwan dare karfe hannun riga, kada ku bari bayyanar tsaye waƙoƙi a kan harsasai. Wannan lahani a lokacin da aka sosai na kowa da kuma bayyana matsayin da suka wuce, ta hanyar da tashar na ganga.

Harsashi "berdanok" ya guda zamo kamar ganga. Yana auna 24,16 grams. Lokacin da kora, da harsashi ne dogon isa ya ji ƙyama a tsawon, ta ƙara zamo da rifling cika. Wadannan ta tashi wrapper takarda karkashin iska matsa lamba a lokacin juyawa ya fadi a kashe. Waje harsasai osalivalis wrapper, game da shi, da ragewa da gogayya a ganga a lokacin da harbe-harben. Rarrabe dakaru harsashi daga sojojin doki ya sauqi. zuwa na karshe harsashi Kintsa takarda aka canza launin a cikin ruwan hoda, yayin da dakaru harsashi shi fari. Tã 39,4 grams.

Harufan harsasai ga dakaru harsashi ya gudu a 1414 ƙafãfunku, kõ kuwa 431 mita da na biyu, da kuma sojan doki - 1188 m / s. A cikin farko idan shi ne da ɗari biyu da uku matakai ƙulli baƙin ƙarfe takardar da biyu da rabi millimeter m kowane. Ganin cewa sojojin doki harsashi iya yi da abu guda, amma daga nesa na wani ɗari mita.

Production a Rasha

Berdan bindiga-2 farko da aka yi umurni da a wani makamai ma'aikata a Birmingham. Amma shi nan da nan ya zama na fili da cewa soja hannu na irin wannan babban jihar a matsayin Rasha, a kudi na kayayyaki daga kasashen waje ne ba zai yiwu. A lokacin da ya zo a lokacin da shi ya zama dole, domin kafa m samar riga. Amma shi ya ba aiki mai sauki. Domin samar da "berdanok" da kuma harsashi ga su a hannun dama yawa da ake bukata don sosai zamanintar da Rasha makamai masana'antu. Kuma shi da aka yi, ko da yake a babban kudin da tsananin kokarin. By fall na 1872, duk abin da aka shirya da a Tula makamai Shuka. A daidai wannan lokaci, mun kasance a cike lilo aiki a kan Sestroretsk da Izhevsk inji masana'antu.

Tun da m aikin injiniya masana'antu a wancan lokacin ya kasance har yanzu a cikin jariri, duk da inji, kayayyakin aiki, da kuma kayan aiki da saya a kasashen waje. A muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta samar da bindigogi Berdan a kasar mu taka leda a Burtaniya masana. Don saduwa da bukatun da Rasha sojojin a cikin harsashi ga makami a 1869 a St. Petersburg da aka gina da kuma sanye take da latest kayan factory. Saboda canje-canje aiwatar da hankali fara rearm sojojin ya ci gaba m model.

Features

A wannan lokacin, da bindiga Berdan halin da kyau kwarai ballistics da kuma daidaito. Gunaguni sa kawai m makamai zuwa wadatacce lubrication. Wasu rashin biyan bukata ji da kuma game da low AMINCI na harbe-harben inji.

Ribobi da fursunoni

Bindiga farko da na biyu samfurin ba su kasance a singly kuma store. Gunslinger iya sa daya minti daya zuwa goma harsasai a cikin da'irar da rabin mita nesa na ɗari mita. An a wannan lokaci da aka dauke mai kyau sakamakon. Duk da haka, makaman dakaru bindiga da aka dauke ba quite m: da farko, shi ake bukata mai kyau ikon harba daga mayakan, kuma abu na biyu, ya wajaba ya koya musu da jiyya ga game da wata daya. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa hinged rufe yi da kuma goyon baya na wannan gun kasance quite hadaddun.

kudin na

Berdan bindigogi, musamman tare da 'yan gyare-gyare, a cikin kasar a yau suna dauke rarities. A da lafiya, yana da wuya a sami. A sarauta, kuma a cikin Soviet lokaci duk abubuwa ne samuwa a cikin warehouses na zaben da aka bata ne, a cikin m-huda. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa a yau ne sosai rare real factory bindiga Berdan. Its farashin ne quite high. Ya dogara da model da kuma samuwar ƙarin gani. Daidai da muhimmanci ne fasaha yanayin da makami. A kan talakawan dakaru Berdan-2 za a iya saya don dubu saba'in rubles da kuma sama.

A daidai da m yau a cikin kasar da dokokin, kawai a gaban wani gwani ra'ayi na ma'aikatar al'adu don gane al'adu darajar da bindiga, shi za su halatta a free wurare dabam dabam.